A DAY OF HARVESTING
(A Page from a Student’s Diary)
October 24.
Today we began harvesting. We got up at daybreak, and after an early breakfast we started off for the rice fields. We got there after half an hour's walk.
The fields around us looked like a golden sea. I have never seen anything so beautiful! We worked side by side with the farmers. At first some of us were rather slow. The farmers showed us how to cut the rice and how to tie the bundles. Soon we learned to work faster.
We worked in three groups. "Faster, faster! We mustn't fall behind the others!" That was the thought in everybody's mind.
Evening came before we realized it. We put down our sickles and looked at each other. Our clothes were wet with sweat. On every face there was a smile.
We harvested thirty mu altogether. That was not bad for the first day. But tomorrow we shall certainly do better - much better.

收割的一日
(学生日记一则)
10月24日
我们今天开始收割。天刚亮我们就起了床，早早吃过早饭，就动身去稻田。走了半个小时便到达那里。
周围的稻田像一片金色的海洋，我从来没看见过如此美丽的景象!我们同社员们并肩劳动。开始我们有些人干得很慢。农民教我们如何割稻子，如何打捆，我们很快就学会了，干得就快起来了。
我们分三组干活。“快一点，再快点!不要落到别人后面!”每个人心里都这么想。
不知不觉已是黄昏时分了，我们放下镰刀，你看看我，我看看你，衣服都被汗水湿透了，每个人的脸上都挂着笑容。
我们总共割了三十亩稻田，这在第一天算是不错的了。明天我们肯定会干得好些，更好些。

AFTER SUPPER
— What time is it now, Zhang Ling? Will there be enough time for a bath?
— Yes, I think so. It's half past six. There is still half an hour to go. But you'd better hurry up. Our study group is meeting at seven.
— Don't worry. I'll be back in twenty minutes. Don't forget to turn off the light before you go.

晚饭之后
— 张玲，现在几点了？洗个澡时间还够吗？
— 是，我想还够。现在是六点半，还剩半个小时。但你最好赶快，我们学习小组七点开会。
— 放心吧，我二十分钟内回来。你走之前别忘了关上灯。

NOTES TO THE TEXT

A Day of Harvesting
这是一篇学生日记（a page from a student’s diary），日记本身不用加标题，英文日记一般也要写日期，但不必写天气如何。
keep a diary 坚持记日记
Write an entry in one’s diary. 写一篇日记。

Today we began harvesting. 今天我们开始收割。
时间状语虽然是today，但因为记述的事情是当天已经发生过的，所以动词时态用一般过去时。

We got up at day break, and after an early breakfast we started off for the rice fields. 天刚亮我们就起了床，早早吃了早饭后就动身去了稻田。
这是一个并列句，and连接两个分句；
start off意思是“动身、出发”，start off for... 表示“出发去……地方”。例如：
They started off on their journey early in the morning. 他们一早就踏上了旅途。
Next week he will start off for Hong Kong on business. 下星期他将动身前往香港出差。
同义的短语还有：start out for，leave for，set off for，set out for
at day break 在黎明的时候
rice field 稻田

We got there after half an hour’s walk. 半个小时以后我们到达了那儿。
got = got to 指“到达了……地方”，英语中在here或there等副词前一般不加介词。例如：
go to a place 去一个地方
go there 去那儿
come here 来这儿

home的用法：
home既可以作名词也可以作副词，作名词的时候前面可以加介词，比如：
Is Mr Smith at home? 史密斯先生在家吗？
Please make yourself at home. 请随便些，就像在自己家里一样。（请别拘束。）
home作副词时和here，there一样，前面不用介词，比如：go home 回家；stay home 在家呆着；go, stay 都是不及物动词，后面跟地点名词时，一般都要加介词，但是因为这里是home，所以不加介词。

The fields around us looked like a golden sea. 周围的稻田像一片金色的海洋。
介词短语around us修饰前面的the fields；
look like “看起来像……”，look在这里作系动词，like是介词，意思是“像……”，后面跟名词构成表语。英语中除be，seem和look以外常见的联系动词还有：feel, get, taste, smell, sound, turn；联系动词在使用中可以直接跟形容词，例如：
Silk feels very soft. 丝绸摸起来很软。
One feels lonely as one gets old. 人老了会感到孤独。
Swiss chocolate tastes wonderful. 瑞士巧克力味道好极了。
This flower smells sweet. 这花闻起来很香。
This idea sounds great. 这个主意听起来好极了。
The leaves turn yellow in late autumn. 到了深秋，树叶都变黄了。
和感官有关的联系动词还经常和介词like连用（后面可接名词），比如：look like / feel like / taste like / smell like / sound like

I have never seen anything so beautiful! 从没见过这样美的景色。
have seen是动词see的现在完成时；不定代词anything在这里代指景色，因为句中有never，是否定结构，所以不用something。

The farmers showed us how to cut the rice and how to tie the bundles.
动词show + 带有疑问词的不定式短语结构：
The farmers showed us how to cut the rice and how to tie the bundles. 农民教我们怎样割稻和怎样打捆。
谓语动词showed后面跟有两个不定式短语，它们在句中充当showed的宾语成份，这两个不定式短语前分别带有疑问副词how。

We worked in three groups.
介词in表示“以……方式，以……手段”。例如：
He wrote a letter in English. 他用英语写信。
Will you pay in cash? 你付现款好吗？

Faster, faster! We mustn’t fall behind the others! 快点，再快点，我们不能落在别人后面!
faster是副词fast的比较级形式，意思是“再快点”，即“Let’s work faster.”。
fall behind是动词短语，意思是“落后”；
others前面用了定冠词the，表示“除了我们组以外的别人”，若没有the，others就成了泛指。

Evening came before we realized it. 不知不觉地夜晚降临了。
连词before后面跟时间状语从句；it指代“evening came”这一情况。
before we realized it 直译是“在我们意识到傍晚来临之前”，可以灵活地意译成“在不知不觉中”。例如：
We got to the railway station before we knew it. 不知不觉地我们已经到了火车站。

Our clothes were wet with sweat. 我们的衣服被汗水浸湿了。
with表示原因，例如：
Spring is gay with flower and song.
Autumn is rich with fruit and grain.
His face was red with anger. 他因为愤怒而涨红了脸。

We harvested thirty mu altogether.
根据汉语音译过来的单词：mu 亩，类似根据汉语音译过来的单位量词一般都没有复数形式，英语中一般用英亩来表示田地的面积：
an acre 英亩(相当于6.07亩)；ten acres十英亩（英亩有复数形式）
英语中常见的汉语外来语词汇：
kongfu 功夫
kowtow 叩头（在现代英语中一般表示“感谢”）
mandarin “满大人”，指中国人
mandarin Chinese 普通话
mahjong 麻将牌

NOTES TO THE DIALOGUE

Will there be enough time for a bath? 有时间洗个澡吗？
(1) Will there be enough time for... / Will there be enough time to do... 有足够的时间干……吗？例如：
Will there be enough time for a few drinks? 还来得及喝上几杯吗？
Will there be enough time to make a few phone calls? 还有时间能打几个电话吗？
(2) take a bath / have a bath 洗澡（浴缸）；take a shower / have a shower 洗澡（淋浴）

There is still half an hour to go. 还有半个钟头呢。
不定式to go作定语，指“剩余的时间”，例如：The term of the contract have another two months to go. 再过两个月合同才到期。
动词go 的其他一些用法：
The days went quickly. 日子过得很快。
The clock is still going. 这个钟还在走着。（go表示“运转”）
He went blind in his old age. 到了老年他双目失明了。（go表示“变得怎么样”）
Most of his salary went for food. 他工资的大部分都花在吃的上面了。（go表示“钱花在……上面”）
His wealth went to his son after he died. 他死后财产归了他的儿子。（go表示“属于……，归于……”）
Traveler’s checks go everywhere. 旅行支票各地都通用。（go表示“流通、通用”）
go作名词的一些用法：
It’s a go. 一言为定。（go表示“约定”）
It’s my go. 轮到我了。（go表示“轮到的机会”）

But you’d better hurry up. 可是你最好快一些。
you’d better = you had better
had better + 不带to的动词不定式，表示“最好……”（在口语中经常与作主语的人称代词以缩合形式出现），例如：
We’d better follow him. 我们最好跟着他。
You’d better not bother her. 你最好不要去打扰他。

Our study group is meeting at seven. 我们这个学习小组将于七点碰头开会。
在这一句中用现在进行时表示将来。在英语中表示不久将要发生的事，尤其是预先想好的，可以用现在进行时态来代替一般将来时。

I’ll be back in twenty minutes. 我二十分钟以后回来。
介词in表示“在一段时间以后”，这种用法多出现在将来时态中。

Don’t forget to turn off the light before you go. 你走以前别忘了关灯。
before you go 是时间状语从句，用一般现在时表将来。
turn off 关上（电源或水笼头）；turn on 打开。动词短语的宾语是名词时可放在动词短语之间或其后，例如：
turn off the light / turn the light off 关灯
turn on the radio / turn the radio on 打开收音机

■隐藏■