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The educational materials presented here
今天展示的教育材料
were developed by students and faculty
是由爱荷华州立大学营养学
of the department of food science and human nutrition
和人体营养学系的
at Iowa State University.
学生和老师提供的
Funding for this project was provided by grants
该项目的资金由
from the American Cancer Society Mid West
美国中西部地区癌症协会
and the Lance Armstrong Foundation.
及兰斯，阿姆斯斯壮基金会提供
The materials are intended for educational use
这些材料仅用于教学
and are not meant to provide medical advice.
并非用以提供医疗指导
We welcome your feedback about these materials.
欢迎大家对这些材料做出反馈
Please use the evaluation survey link on the homepage
请用主页上提供的调查评价链接
to provide your comments and suggestions.
提交你们的评论和建议
The markets are full of dietary supplements
市场上充斥着很多补品
and it is difficult to know which, if any, might be useful
很难辨别哪个也许有用
to promote health, resist disease or improve wellbeing.
可以促进人体健康，抵御疾病，提高身体素质
This presentation will outline the basic information
今天的演讲会提供
about dietary supplements
有关补品的基本信息
and provide helpful information
也会提供一些实用的信息
about their contributions to a healthy lifestyle.
说明补品对健康生活方式的贡献
A supplement is intended to supplement the diet.
补品的用途在于补充膳食
The main feature of a supplement
一种补品的主要特征是
is that it is very different from a food.
它与食物大不相同
It contains one or more ingredients such as a vitamin,
它含有一种或多种营养成分，例如维他命
mineral, botanicals or herbs and is intended to
矿物质，草本植物，草药等，它是用来
be taken orally in pill, capsule, liquid or tablet form.
口服的，有丸剂，胶囊剂，液体剂或者片剂等
Supplements are labeled as supplements
补品一般都会在其商标说明上注明
on the front panel. In the picture shown here
从这张图片大家可以看到
you can see that this particular vitamin supplement
这种补品
included calcium and vitamin D
含有钙和维他命D
which are 2 ingredients and it is taken orally
这两种营养成分，服用方法是口服
in the form of a tablet and it is labeled as
补品是片剂形式，商标上注明了
a supplement on the front panel.
它是一种补品
Vitamin and mineral supplements
维他命和矿物质补品
have been available to consumers for over 100 years.
消费者已经使用了100多年了
These products are typically mixtures
这些补品主要是混合物
of known essential nutrients in quantities
由一些大家熟知的常规营养物构成
defined by the national academy of sciences
由美国国家科学院的院士们命名
and the recommended dietary allowances
还有推荐的膳食营养素供应量
or the RDA. The label on these supplements
或被称为RDA,这些补品上的商标
defines the percent of the RDA that is met by
都注明了RDA的百分比，一般是
1 of the dose of the product. In general
服用补品的一剂，一般来说
vitamin and mineral supplements are safe
服用维他命和矿物质补品是安全的
to be consumed when they contain around 100%
条件是它们含有大概100%的RDA
of the RDA. Supplements with much more than
补品RDA超过这个值的
the RDA, 200% or greater, are not necessary
比如达到200%或者更高，就不必要了
and may cause toxicity.
这也许还会产生毒性
So when are vitamin supplements advisable?
所以什么时候服用维他命补品比较合适呢
Vitamin B12 supplements are advisable for individuals
维他命B12适用于那些
over the age of 50 who have trouble
50岁以上，并且很难
absorbing this vitamin naturally.
自然吸收这种维他命的人
Folic acid supplements may be advisable
维生素B适用于
to women who may become pregnant
快要怀孕
or are pregnant in order to decrease the likelihood
或已经怀孕的女性，这样可以降低怀有
of having a baby with neural tube defects.
一个神经管畸形婴儿的风险
Vitamin D supplements are also advisable to individuals
维他命D适用于
who do not get enough exposure to the sun
那些很少晒太阳
and who do not get enough vitamin D
而且没有吸收足够维他命D的人
through fortified product. Calcium is sometimes
尽管他们食用了富含维他命D的食物，钙比较
also advised for bone health in mostly women.
适用于大多数女性，可以促进骨骼健康
Herbal supplements are different than vitamin
草药补品与维他命
and mineral supplements because there are no
和矿物质不同，因为没有
known requirements for herbal compounds
标准规定服用哪些草药补品
to maintain health. This means that
以保持身体健康，也就是说
there is no RDA for herbal ingredients.
草药补品没有规定的RDA
Herbal supplements are mixed with compounds
草药补品是由化合物混制的
derived from plants and algae
这些化合物提取自植物和藻类
that some supplements may also contain ingredients
这些植物和藻类也许还含有
from animal sources such as fish oil
动物身上如鱼油
or pancreatic extracts.
或胰腺中的养分
Our understanding of herbal supplements
我们对草药补品的认识
is derived form traditional medicine practices
来自多年来很多
of many civilizations for many, many years.
文明的传统医学
In these cultures healers use
在这些文化中，医生使用
naturally occurring products to treat ailments
天然药物来医治疾病
and out of these practices modern medicine arose.
现代医药就来自这些实践
All dietary supplements sold in the US
美国销售的所有补品
must comply with strict labeling laws.
必须严格遵守商标法
On the front panel the label must include
商标必须附有
a statement of identity indicating the composition
补品合成物的说明
of the product and the net quality of contents.
以及各成分的净重
The label also must contain a list of ingredients
商标还应包括某一种补品的成分
in a particular supplement and other ingredients
并且降序标出
in descending order of pre dominance
其他主要营养成分
and by common name or proprietary blend.
用其通用名称或者专利合成名
