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Ex-presidents Jefferson and Madison
美国前总统杰斐逊和麦迪逊
advised President Monroe that the proposal was sound
建议门罗总统说，这个提议很不错
and an alliance with Britain was a good idea.
与英国结盟是个好主意
But Secretary of State John Quincy Adams
但是国务卿约翰·昆西·亚当斯
suspected British motives.
怀疑英国的动机
Adams also knew Russia wanted to extend its influence
亚当斯还知道，苏联希望扩张自己
in the Pacific Northwest.
在西北太平洋的势力
This was not strictly speaking
这严格来说不算是
the United States' problem.
美国的问题
California belonged to the Republic of Mexico
加利福尼亚属于墨西哥共和国
which was desperately seeking alliance
它正在急切地寻求
with the US at this time.
与美国联手
Still Adams didn't want anymore Russians
可是亚当斯不希望更多苏联人
coming down from Alaska.
从阿拉斯加南下
He also didn't want Britain
他也不想英国
to expand its Oregon Territory.
扩大在俄勒冈州的领土
Alliance with Britain would be helpful.
与英国结盟会有所帮助
But it would also count as a foreign entanglement.
但这也算是卷入外交纠纷中的一种
Instead Adams recommended that
因此亚当斯建议
the United States warn Spain, France and Russia
美国应该警告西班牙，法国和苏联
to stay out of the western hemisphere
远离西半球的事务
on the United States's own authority
不要干预美国的势力范围
with no reference to alliance with the British
但是没有和任何人提及
or anyone else.
要与英国结盟的事
The Monroe Doctrine.
门罗主义
John Quincy Adams was convinced that
约翰·昆西·亚当斯当时认为
the US had to act unilaterally, that is on its own.
美国应采取单方面行动
His arguments finally pushed
他的意见最终使得
President Monroe and the Cabinet toward
门罗总统和内阁
an independent United States policy.
达成了一项独立的美国政策
On December 2nd, 1823
1823年12月2日
Monroe expressed in his message to Congress
门罗向国会表达了自己的看法
an approach now known as the Monroe Doctrine.
后来人们把这一举措成为门罗主义
In fact a more appropriate name
事实上，更确切的名字
would be the John Quincy Adams Doctrine.
应该是约翰·昆西·亚当斯主义
Essentially the United States
根本上，美国
was making two important points.
要声明两点
First, the New World was no longer open
首先，新世界不向
to new colonization by the Old World.
旧世界形成的联盟开放
Second, the New World, the Americas,
第二，新世界，也就是美洲
the western hemisphere, whatever,
也就是西半球
was now an American sphere of influence
现在属于美国的势力范围
where America was overlooking things
美国有权力对此区域进行监管
and things had to be cleared with America
所以在任何国家插手之前
before you could proceed.
必须经过美国同意
And here's a quote from the Monroe Doctrine.
下面我要引述门罗主义中的一段话
"But with the governments who have declared
"对于那些已经宣布独立
their independence and maintained it
并保持独立的政府
and whose independence we have on great consideration
他们的独立对我们至关重要
and on just principles acknowledged,
根据公正的原则
we could not view any interposition
我们无法容忍任何
for the purpose of oppressing them
以镇压他们为目的
or controlling in any other manner their destiny
或者是以任何方式控制他们命运的干涉
by any European power
通过任何欧洲力量
in any other light than as the manifestation
若有上述行为，将被视作
of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States."
对美国的敌对行为处理"
Or in plain 21st century American English,
用平白的21世纪的美国英语说
stay out of my house.
就是"少管闲事"
President Madison neglected to mention that
麦迪逊总统忽略了一点
Great Britain, especially the Royal Navy,
大英帝国，尤其是皇家海军
was a silent partner in this proclamation
在这一声明中，也是一个沉默的伙伴
provided that Britain could conduct trade
这样英国就能够与
with these new Central and South American democracies.
中美和南美国家继续进行贸易
Its silent partnership
这种沉默的合作
was a good deal for all involved.
很大程度上是有利的
Although the Monroe Doctrine observed
虽然门罗主义也考虑到
the letter of Washington's warning
华盛顿的警告
against foreign entanglements
远离外事纷争
it actually told the world that the United States
但是这一举动还是向世界宣告了
was a major world power.
美国是世界大国之一
Some have argued that the Monroe Doctrine
有些人认为门罗主义
was isolationist in a nature.
本质是孤立主义
The European powers can do what they like
欧洲大国在他们的
on their half of the world
半个世界可以为所欲为
but they Americas were reserved
但是美洲只允许
for United States only.
美国独霸
There's some truth to this.
这种观点不无道理
