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Now I bet everything that you just saw
我敢打赌，大家刚刚看到的
and you just heard reminds you of a wedding
和听到的让你们想起了一场婚礼
And what I want to tell you this afternoon
而今天下午我所要讲的
That in the 16th century if you were looking at Titian's painting
就是16世纪提香的画作
of Sacred and Profane Love
《神圣之爱与世俗之爱》
Absolutely everything in it as well
这画作里面的所有事物
Would remind you of a wedding
绝对会让观众想起一场婚礼
Now before I talk about it
在我开始讲有关内容之前
I'm going to remove my wedding veil
我要先摘下新娘面纱
And I want to talk a little bit first before we come to Titian
而在讲到提香之前，我想先讲点别的
About how one got married during the Renaissance
关于文艺复兴时期人们是如何结婚的
As we already heard Dora mentioned earlier
就像之前多拉已提到过的一样
that it was an arrangement usually made between two families
男女终身大事通常由两个家庭安排
The two fathers would get together and they would sign a contract
两家的父亲会聚到一起签订协议
They would agree on how much the dowry was going to be worth
同时协定这门亲事值多少嫁妆
And then the bride and groom usually for the first time
然后新郎和新娘会见面，通常是第一次见面
would meet when a ring was exchanged
并且交换一枚戒指
And you can see here in a late 15th century fresco in Florence
可以看到，这幅是15世纪末佛罗伦萨的壁画
by the school of Domenico Ghirlandaio
是多米尼哥·季兰达画派的作品
That in this case the girl's family
画里，女方家庭
didn't have enough money for her dowry
负担不起嫁妆
So a company, the Bonomoni, have provided the dowry for her
因此一家公司Bonomoni为她提供嫁妆
And you can see as the ring is put on her finger
可以看到，新郎这边正把戒指往新娘手上戴时
The groom is getting paid off down here
这边他同时也正在收取报酬
He's getting coins in his hand
这里，他的手正在收取硬币
In another more or less contemporaneous painting
另一幅差不多同时期的图画
From the Veneto by someone
是由威尼托地区
named Michele da Verona
一位名为米歇尔·维罗纳的人画的
which is now in Berlin
这幅画作现在在柏林
You can see once again the very same thing happening
可以看出这描述的是同样的事情
That the groom is putting a ring on the bride's hand
新郎正把戒指往新娘手上戴
And I have to say when the ring goes onto the hand
我不得不说，当戒指戴到新娘手上时
That was the legal moment of the marriage
意味着该婚姻正式合法
But the whole festivities would take sometimes weeks
但有时候，庆典会持续数周
Sometimes months
有时候是数月
Sometimes even over a year to have the marriage ceremonies
有时候甚至是一年多的时间才能完成
and festivities all be completed
结婚仪式和庆典
And as Andrea Bear's really excellent essay
就像安德里亚·贝尔在今天的展品目录前言中
in the introduction to the catalogue explains
那篇优秀的论述中指出的一样
These procedures varied from Rome
结婚流程从罗马，到佛罗伦萨
to Florence to Venice
到威尼斯都是各不相同的
But in general
但一般来说
even though some of them might have been a bit different
即使有些流程可能会有点不同
the concept behind it was more or less the same
但它们背后蕴藏的理念却是或多或少是相同的
But you might notice what the bride is very subtly doing
你可能会注意到新娘这边正在悄悄地做什么
That she is revealing
她正在展露身体
She is opening her skirt
她正在解开裙子
So as she accepts the ring
因此，当她接受戒指时
which is her really saying
其实就是意味着
Yes I will marry you
是的，我愿意嫁给你
She is actually showing what she is bringing to the wedding
实际上，她正在展示她为这桩婚姻所带来的
which is her generative power
即是她的生育能力
