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In Japan, married couples must have the same last name — which means in most cases, women take their husband's surname.
在日本，已婚夫妇必须同姓—这意味着在大多数情况下，女方要跟着丈夫姓。
In 2011, a few women tried to challenge the 1896 law. But on Wednesday, Japan's supreme court ruled on the case, and it didn't budge.
在2011年，一些妇女试图挑战1896年制定的法律。但上星期三，日本最高法院就此案件进行裁决，并没有动摇。
Japan isn't the only country that upholds an older law deciding the fate of a woman's surname. Greece, France and Italy have laws opposite of Japan's — they make it illegal for women to take their husband's last name.
日本并不是唯一维护旧法决定妇女姓氏命运的国家，希腊、法国和意大利的法律与日本相反，妇女与丈夫同姓是非法的。
Opponents see the Japanese court's decision as backsliding for women's rights, especially in a country where there's been a push to get more women in the workplace.
反对者认为日本法院的判决使妇女权利倒退，尤其在一个推动妇女工作的国家。
Japan ranked 101 out of 145 countries in this year's World Economic Forum gender gap index.
日本在今年的世界经济论坛性别差距指数中，位于145个国家中的第101位。
Japanese marriages traditionally have focused on the two families becoming united rather than just the couple.
日本的婚姻传统上是两个家庭的结合，而不仅仅是夫妻俩。
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