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Four. Proactive versus Reactive.
第四点，主动与被动
to conquer the eastern Mediterranean
征服地中海东部的战争
a proactive version of the just war,
这主动的正义之战
thereby fulfilling the requirements of the ius fetialis.
也是使节制度的要求
Security reasons dictated that the
安全原因表明
Greek kingdoms and Greek leagues had to be obedient little client states and do the Roman's bidding
希腊王国和希腊联盟必须顺从作为罗马的仆从国
or get taken over. As it turned out,
或者直接被罗马吞并，后来事实证明
they had to be taken over.
他们不得不被罗马吞并
The Greeks apparently could not rule themselves.
希腊人显然无法自治
And if it took the absolute destruction of the Greek city of Corinth in one forty six BC to make the Greeks realize this the Romans did what they had to do.
也只有完全摧毁希腊的科林斯城，那是在公元前146年这才让希腊人意识到罗马做了他们应当做的
Even though Carthage was becoming
尽管后来迦太基又成了
an economic power again, there was no evidence that
经济强国，但没有证据表明
the new Carthaginian state was going to pose any military danger to Rome.
新起的迦太基会给罗马带来任何军事威胁
Cato the Elder's crusade to destroy Carthage
老加图摧毁迦太基的运动
at any cost, Karthago delenda est, was more of a political crusade against
无论如何都是一场政治运动
the family of Scipio Africanus, which had,
西庇阿家族
you'll recall, taken a moderate stance
他们对迦太基采取了温和的立场
towards Carthage. Already Rome's internal struggles were starting to affect its foreign policy
但罗马的内部斗争已经开始影响其对外政策
