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Day109 发酵食品

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【视频讲解】
“There are sort of three main ways that our species has developed to break down foods, or process foods, in a primordial way.
人类有三种原始方式分解或处理食物。
Break down
1. 分解
2. 出故障
例:Their car broke down.
他们的车抛锚了。
3. 分门别类
例:The report breaks down the results region by region.
该报告将结果按地区一一分类。
Primordial
原始的; 远古的
例:Twenty million years ago, Idaho was populated by dense primordial forest.
两千万年前,爱达荷州遍布着茂密的原始森林。

And that is by cooking, by fermenting foods and by drying them or desiccating them.”
即,通过烹饪、发酵,将食物烘干或者进行脱水处理。
Ferment
1. 发酵
例:The dried grapes are allowed to ferment until there is no sugar left and the wine is dry.
干葡萄要经过发酵,直到没有糖分存留,葡萄酒才不会有甜味。
2. 骚动
例:The whole country has been in a state of political ferment for some months.
整个国家几个月来一直处在政治骚动的状态中。
Desiccate
使脱水

Paul Breslin, professor of nutritional sciences at Rutgers University in New Jersey. He’s also a member of the Monell Chemical Sciences Center in Philadelphia.
保罗•布雷思琳是美国新泽西州罗格斯大学的营养科学教授。同时也是费城莫奈尔化学科学中心的一员。
Nutrition
营养
例:There are alternative sources of nutrition to animal meat.
有能替代动物肉类的其他营养来源。

“And the first two, cooking and fermenting, are older than our species is. Homo sapiens came about in the presence of fire. And probably eating some fermented foods, since that happens spontaneously.”
“前两种方式烹饪以及发酵食物的历史比人类还要悠久。人类产生时火已经存在了,所以人类吃一些发酵的食物是自然而然的事。”
Come about 产生; 发生
例:The peace agreement came about through intense pressure by the international community.
该和平协议是在国际社会的强大压力下产生的。
Spontaneous 自然的; 自发的 (行为)
例:Diana's house was crowded with happy people whose spontaneous outbursts of song were accompanied by lively music.
戴安娜的房子挤满了幸福的人们,他们在欢快音乐的伴奏下不由自主地唱起歌来。

Breslin spoke February 20th at a press briefing at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Boston.
2月20日,在波斯顿举行的美国科学促进会年度会议的新闻发布会上布鲁斯林发表了上述言论。
Press briefing
新闻发布会;记者招待会
Underscoring the uncertainty, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said in a press briefing Friday that it doesn’t quite have the plan all in place.
人力资源和社会保障部在上周五的新闻发布会上称,具体方案尚未全部出台,这更进一步加深了各方面临的不确定性。

“So I think that we may be unique among the apes in that we can detect when a food has been cooked or fermented.
“我认为人类在猿类当中是特殊的,因为我们可以识别食物何时烹饪或者发酵。
Unique 惟一的
例:Each person's signature is unique.
每个人的签名是独一无二的。
Ape
1. 猿
2. 模仿
例:Modelling yourself on someone you admire is not the same as aping all they say or do.
以你仰慕的某个人为榜样并不等于模仿他们的全部言行。

And that this allows us to identify the benefits of those, which is that they’re detoxified, they have greater available nutrients, and they are, in the case of fermented foods, going to have probiotics—or good microbes that we want and need in our intestines in order to survive in the world.…
这又可以让我们获悉这些方法的好处,那就是这些方法可以帮助解毒,具有更高的营养价值。发酵食物里面含有益生菌——为了能存活与世,我们的肠道需要这种有益的微生物。”
Detoxify
1. 解毒
2. (使)脱瘾
..drugs which block the effects of heroin use and rapidly detoxify addicts.
...阻碍海洛因的吸食效果并快速使瘾君子脱瘾的药物
Probiotic 益菌的
例:probiotic yogurt
Intestine 肠

“The second leading cause of death of children on Earth today is diarrhea, following pneumonia, which is number one. And that diarrheal disease is in fact the most common disease on Earth in humans.
当今世界上导致儿童死亡的第二大原因是痢疾,而肺炎是首要原因。实际上痢疾是世界上最常见的疾病。
Diarrhea 腹泻,痢疾
Pneumonia 肺炎
例:She nearly died of pneumonia.
她差点死于肺炎。
Following 在…之后
例:In the centuries following Christ's death, Christians genuinely believed the world was about to end.
在耶稣死后的几个世纪里,基督徒们真地认为世界将要消亡。

And that eating fermented foods, properly fermented foods of any kind, can in fact deliver probiotics, which help prevent these diseases. And I believe could in fact save lives if they were more commonly adopted in society.”
吃适当的发酵食物,实际上可以产生益生菌,帮助预防痢疾。我坚信,如果这些方法可以在社会上更加广泛的应用,可以拯救很多生命。
Deliver 递送
例:The Canadians plan to deliver more food to southern Somalia.
加拿大人计划向索马里南部运送更多的食物。
Adopt
1. 采纳; 采用
例:The United Nations General Assembly has adopted a resolution calling on all parties in the conflict to seek a political settlement.
联合国大会已采纳了一项呼吁所有冲突各方寻求政治解决的决议。
2. 收养
例:There are hundreds of people desperate to adopt a child.
有数以百计的人极其渴望收养小孩。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
available [ə'veiləbl]

想一想再看

adj. 可用的,可得到的,有用的,有效的

联想记忆
populated

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adj. 粒子数增加的 v. 居住于…中;构成…的人口(

 
lively ['laivli]

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活泼的,活跃的,栩栩如生的,真实的

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presence ['prezns]

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n. 出席,到场,存在
n. 仪态,风度

 
adopt [ə'dɔpt]

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v. 采用,收养,接受

联想记忆
conflict ['kɔnflikt]

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n. 冲突,矛盾,斗争,战斗
vi. 冲突,争

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desperate ['despərit]

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adj. 绝望的,不顾一切的

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spoke [spəuk]

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v. 说,说话,演说

 
security [si'kju:riti]

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n. 安全,防护措施,保证,抵押,债券,证券

 
survive [sə'vaiv]

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vt. 比 ... 活得长,幸免于难,艰难度过

联想记忆

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