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Hi, there. My name is Emma, and in today's lesson, we will be looking at how to do well on the speaking part of the IELTS.
大家好，我叫 Emma，今天的课程我们主要讨论一下如何在雅思口语测试部分取得好成绩。
The speaking part of the IELTS is divided up into three sections.
雅思的口语测试分为三部分。
Today, we're just going to be looking at section No. 1.
今天我们关注的是第一部分。
First of all, I will explain how to do well -- oh, sorry. First, I'll explain what happens in Part 1 of the IELTS.
首先，我解释一下第一部分主要做些什么。
And from there, we'll look at some things you should do to do well and some things you shouldn't do.OK.
接着，我们会聊聊在口语测试第一部分，有哪些事情你应该做好，以及哪些事情你不该做。
Let's get started.
这就开始吧。
What happens in Part 1 of the IELTS?
雅思第一部分主要做些什么呢？
Well, first of all, the speaking Part 1 of the IELTS is for both those taking the General IELTS exam and the Academic.
首先，参加培训类和学术类雅思考试的的同学都要考口语第一部分。
Whether you're taking the Academic or the General IELTS, it's the same test with the same questions.
不论你考哪一种，考题是完全一样的。
It lasts between four to five minutes.
考试时长四至五分钟。
It's made up of first an introduction. The examiner is going to introduce himself or herself. Then, you will introduce yourself.
首先是介绍环节。考官向你介绍他/她自己，接着是你自我介绍。
For example, "Hi. My name is Emma. Nice to meet you."
比如“你好，我叫 Emma，很高兴认识你。”
There's an introduction. And then, the examiner is going to ask you some questions about yourself.
介绍完之后，考官会问一些关于你的问题。
These questions aren't that difficult. Usually, they're about where you're from. For example what city you were born in, where you grew up.
这些问题都不太难。通常问你来自哪里，比如说你出生的城市，你在哪里长大等等。
They might be about work. They might be about what you study, about your friends, about your hobbies, food, sports, and another thing I don't have up here, family.
也可能是关于工作、学习、朋友、爱好、美食、运动和今天我不会重点讲的家庭。
Family is also common on this part of the IELTS.
家庭话题在这部分也很常见。
Usually, the examiner, after introducing himself or herself, they will talk to you about two of these topics.
通常在介绍之后，考官会问你上面提到的任意两个话题。
Now, the way they mark this part of the IELTS is they're looking specifically for pronunciation.
在口语测试的这部分，他们尤其看重发音。
Can they understand what you're saying? Do you pronounce things well?
他们是否能听懂你在说什么？你的发音都正确吗？
They're going to be looking at fluency. What's "fluency"? Well, do you go, "Uh, um, uh, uh" a lot during the test?
他们还会关注流利度。何谓“流利”？你口试的时候是“呃，嗯，呃，呃”个不停吗？
Or do you speak very clearly, in a very nice rhythmic way?
还是说得非常清晰悦耳，语调流畅？
Do you use organizers or transitions? "First of all, secondly, finally." Do you use words like this? "Another reason."
你用顺序连接词吗？“首先，其次，最后。” 你用“另一个原因是……”这样的表达吗？
Or do you have problems speaking at a normal rate? They look at that in fluency.
回答时你可以用正常语速吗？这些都是“流利度”会关注的。
Then, they mark you also on vocabulary. Do you use words like "good, bad" a lot? Those are very low-level words.
另外，他们还会根据你的词汇量打分。你大量使用“good，bad”这类低水平词汇吗？
Or do you use high level words that really show off your vocabulary?"
还是说你使用的是可以充分彰显词汇量的高水平词汇？
The final thing you're marked on is grammar and accuracy.
另外两个评分点是语法和准确度。
For example, do you only use the present tense for the whole test
例如，你是通篇使用现在时态呢，
or are you able to correctly use the present tense, the past tense, present perfect, future? How well is your grammar?
还是可以正确使用现在时、过去时、现在完成时和将来时？你的语法有多好？
Don't panic. Maybe you're weak in grammar. Maybe you make some mistakes in grammar. But you're marked equally on these four components?
不过别担心。虽然你可能语法比较弱，虽然你可能犯一些语法错误，不过考官是从以上四个方面综合打分的。
Now, let's look at some tips on how to do well on Part 1 of the speaking part of the IELTS.
现在我们来看看在雅思口试第一部分取得好成绩的一些技巧。
What are some of the things we should do to get a good mark in Part 1 of the IELTS for speaking?
要在口试部分得到好分数，我们应该做些什么呢？
Well, we have a list here of dos.
我这里有一个任务列表。
These are things you want to do. The first thing that's very important is when you first meet the examiner.
任务列表里的事情都是你应该做到的。首当其冲的是当你见到考官时应该怎么做。
If you're very nervous, and you don't make eye-contact, and you look at the floor the whole time, you're not going to do well on the IELTS even if your English is pretty good.
如果你非常紧张，和考官完全没有目光接触，始终看着地面，即使你的英语还不错，你也无法得到一个好分数。
It's very important to present yourself with confidence.
显得自信非常重要。
You want to go into that test and know you're going to do well.
你渴望参加测试并且你知道自己能做好。
If you think you're going to do well, you're going to do a lot better.
如果你认为自己能做好，那么你就能做得比预期更好。
If you think you're going to do badly, you're probably going to do badly. Think you're going to do well, and be confident.
如果你觉得自己会表现糟糕，那么事实很可能如你所料。相信自己可以做好，而且，要自信。
Another important thing is be friendly. You want to smile. Body language is actually very important in the IELTS.
另一个要点是要友好，面带微笑。在雅思考试中肢体语言其实非常重要。
You want to make eye-contact. Don't look at your feet. Don't look at your hands. Look at the examiner.
要有眼神接触，不要看脚下，不要看手指，看考官。
But you don't have to stare at them. Just look at them when you talk.
但你不需要死死盯着考官，说话的时候看着就好。
Another thing a lot of students forget is they don't act excited when they're answering questions. What do I mean by this? Well, they talk with a monotone.
还有一点很多学生容易忘记，那就是回答问题的时候表现得不够积极。这么说是什么意思呢？也就是说他们说话没有抑扬顿挫。
For example, "Do you like playing sports?" This is a common question on the IELTS.
比如考官问，“你喜欢运动吗？” 这是雅思中常见的问题。
A student might respond, "I really like playing basketball. Basketball is a good sport."
可能有学生这样毫无起伏地回答，“我非常喜欢篮球，篮球是项好运动。”
If the examiner hears that, you're probably not going to get a good mark.
考官听了可不见得会给你好分数。
You should act excited about what you're saying.
说话的时候应该表现得积极一些。
"Yes. I love sports. Basketball is my favorite. It's, you know -- I love watching basketball. It's a lot of fun to play."
“是的，我热爱运动，篮球是我最喜欢的项目。篮球——我非常喜欢看球赛，而且打篮球也很有趣。”
If you seem excited, you will do better.
如果你显得积极，会做得更好。
The next thing that's very important is the vocabulary you use.
第二个重点是你所使用的词汇。
Remember, you're getting marked on four different things. One of these things is vocabulary.
请记住，考官有四项评分标准，其中之一就是词汇。
How do you improve your vocabulary mark?
如何提高你的词汇得分呢？
Well, don't use simple, easy, boring, low-level words like, "I like basketball because it's good. I don't like soccer because it's bad."
不要用简单、普通、无趣的低水平词汇，如“我喜欢篮球因为它很好。我不喜欢足球因为它不好。”
These words, "bad, good ", they're too easy.
“好，坏”这些词过于普通了。
You need to try to find vocabulary that is higher level and practice before you do the IELTS.
你应该试着去寻找更高水平的词汇，并在雅思考试之前好好练习。
For example, a good thing to do is look at the list of topics you will probably be asked about.
例如，过一遍你可能被问到的话题列表就很有帮助。
Food is a very common thing they will ask you about.
食物是被经常问到的一个话题。
Try to come up with vocabulary in advance and practice this vocabulary about the different topics.
试着提前准备各个话题的词汇并充分练习。
For example, I know they may ask me a question about food.
比方说，我知道他们会问我关于食物的问题。
I might learn some words that have to do with food.
我就去学一些食物相关的新词。
Maybe I don't know the word "cuisine".
可能我还不认识“cuisine（美味佳肴）”这个词。
Well, if they ask me a question about food, I can say, "My favorite type of food -- I love Indian cuisine." And there you go.
他们问到食物时，我可以说，“我最喜欢的食物类型嘛——我热爱印度美食（Indian Cuisine）。”这就很不错。
They've just noticed you used a higher level word. Same with friends.
考官会注意到你用了一个高级词汇。换成朋友话题也一样。
A common word we use when we talk about friends, we talk about "acquaintances".
谈到朋友我们其实可以说“acquaintances（熟人，泛泛之交）”。
This is another good word to use.
这也是一个很好用的词汇。
Again, try to come up with vocabulary for each of the different topics, and practice.
每个话题都一样，找到相应的好词汇，充分练习。
Now, in this part of the IELTS, the examiner may ask you about what you like.
在口试部分，考官常会问到你的爱好。
"Do you like to play sports? What hobbies do you like? What are your favorite foods?"
“你喜欢运动吗？你的爱好是什么？你最喜欢的食物是什么？”
Now, one thing a lot of students do is they overuse "I like". "I like this. I like that. I like this. I like that."
很多同学的问题在于，过度使用“I like（我喜欢）”。“我喜欢这个，我喜欢那个。我喜欢这个，我喜欢那个。”
This is not going to help you with your vocabulary mark.
这可能会拉低你的词汇分。
Instead of using "I like" a lot, try something different.
与其过度使用 I like，不如试试不同的表达。
"I enjoy playing basketball. I enjoy hanging out with my friends. I really love yoga. I really love bowling." "I prefer playing sports to doing other activities."
“我很享受打篮球的乐趣。和朋友出去玩我感到很开心。我对瑜伽非常着迷。我热爱打保龄球。”“相比其他课外活动，我更喜欢做运动。”
"I enjoy, I really love, I prefer" -- I'm sure you can come up with more, but it's good to practice these types of expressions before you do the IELTS."
“我享受、我热爱、与……相比我更……”——你们肯定能找到更多表达，但在考试前多多练习这些表达才能学以致用。
Another key tip: Expand your answers.
另一个重要建议是：扩充你的答案。
What does this mean? Well, maybe the examiner asked you a question, "What is your favorite food?" Or -- sorry. Let me think of a good example.
什么意思呢？比如说考官问你，“你最喜欢的食物是什么？”呃这个例子不太好，咱们换一个好点儿的。
"Do you like to play sports?" The examiner might ask you that.
“你喜欢运动吗？”考官问。
Some students might just say, "No." And that's their answer. "Do you like to play sports? Do you like to cook?" "No."
有的同学可能回答，“不喜欢，”仅此而已。
Well, the examiner is not going to be able to judge your English if you answer questions yes or no.
要是你用“是或否”回答问题，考官是无法判断你的英语水平的。
You have to give bigger, longer answers. This is what I mean by expand.
你必须给出更具体、更长的答案，也就是我所说的扩充。
Don't just say "yes" or "no". Even if you don't know what to say, make something up.
不要只说“是”或“不是”。即使你不知道说什么，那就编点东西。
For example, a common question they ask, "Where are you from?"
举例来说，考官经常问，“你来自哪里？”
Now, I could just say, "I'm from Toronto." Or, "Toronto." This isn't going to help my IELTS mark.
如果我只是说，“我来自多伦多”或“多伦多”，是不可能拿高分的。
It's better if I expand this answer.
如果我扩充了答案则会好很多。
"I'm from Toronto. It's actually the biggest city in Canada. It's also considered one of the most multicultural cities in the world."
“我来自多伦多，它是加拿大最大的城市，也是世界上文化最多元的城市之一。”
I don't have to talk too long about Toronto. I don't want to say the whole history of Toronto.
关于多伦多我不需要说得太长，也不需要说完多伦多的整个历史，
I don't want to keep talking and talking and talking. But I don't want a very short answer.
我也不想一直说个不停，但我绝不想要一个过于简短的答案。
You need to find an answer that is not too short and not too long. You want something in the middle.
你应该找到一个不长不短的，也就是长度合适的答案。
That's what I mean by "expand".
我说的“扩充”就是这个意思。
One way to expand your answers is by giving examples.
扩充答案的一个方法是举例子。
So I asked this question earlier. You know, "What's your favorite food?" "Oh, I love Indian cuisine." How can I add to this?
就像前面说过的那个问题，“你最喜欢的食物是什么？”“我喜欢印度美食。”这个答案要怎么扩充呢？
I can give examples. "My favorite dish is palak paneer. It's made from spinach, a type of cheese they use in India, spices. You know, we often eat it at my house."
我可以举例。“我最喜欢吃菠菜奶豆腐。这道菜用菠菜做主料，加上印度的一种芝士，撒上调味料。我们经常在家做来吃。”
So there. Instead of just saying, "I like Indian food", I've given a lot of examples. And that's what you want to do.
你看，不是简短地回答“我喜欢印度美食，”我还举了很多例子，希望你们也这样做。
Finally, most importantly, practice.
最后的重中之重是，大量练习。
So you know the types of questions you're going to get.
现在你知道了会碰到什么样的问题。
A lot about what you do for work, what do you study, how many people are in your family -- these types of questions. Now, it's important to practice your answers.
关于工作、学习、你家几口人——这类的诸多问题。那么练习去回答这些问题就是关键了。
Practice with your friends. Practice with a mirror. Practice, practice, practice.
和同伴练习，对着镜子练习，总之就是练练练。
It's very important that you practice answering these types of questions before you do the IELTS.
考试之前一定要把这些问题都练一遍。
Now, let's look at some of the "don'ts", some things you shouldn't do in the IELTS.
现在我们来看看在雅思考试中哪些是不该做的。
What are things you shouldn't do?
有哪些事情是不应该做的呢？
Now, we're going to look at a list of what you shouldn't do. So "don'ts".
现在我们讨论的是“不要做”列表，也就是“don'ts”。
Don't do this. Don't speak with a monotone.
别说话没起伏，总是一个调子。
I already mentioned this. Don't speak where your voice is flat. Don't speak like, "I have a mother and a father."
之前已经说过，不要声音太平。别死气沉沉地说“我有一位母亲和一位父亲。”
Don't say things like that. Speak with enthusiasm. Not monotone.
有活力一点。不要声音太平。
Don't give yes/no answers. "Do you have a family?" "Yes." That's a horrible answer." It's more -- "Have you traveled to China?"
不要只回答“是或否”。“你有家庭吗？”“有。”这个回答太糟糕了。“你去过中国吗？”
"No." These types of answers are not the ones you want to give.
“没有。” 不该这样回答问题。
Expand. Make your answer longer, even if you have to lie. It's okay to lie on the IELTS as long as you speak. That's the most important thing.
扩充，让你的答案长一点，即使需要说谎也没关系。在雅思考场上只要你张口说，编造一个答案也完全没问题。记得这一点。
Do not repeat the question. If they say, "Do you like sports?" "Yes, I like sports." You're wasting a sentence.
不要重复问题。要是考官问，“你喜欢运动吗？”“是的，我喜欢运动。”这样答的话你就浪费了一个句子。
Instead of repeating the question back to them, find a better way to say it. "Do you like sports?"
别重复句子，而是找到更好的说法。“你喜欢运动吗？”
"Yes. There are many sports that I find very fun and interesting." Don't repeat the question.
“很喜欢，我对很多运动都很感兴趣，非常有意思。”记住，别重复问题。
"Do you have a family?" "Yes, I have a family." It's not a good thing to do.
“你有家庭吗？”“有，我有家庭。”别这么干。
Don't go off topic. Sometimes, students -- they're really actually excited, and they want to talk.
别跑题。有的同学确实非常兴奋，表达欲很强，
And they want to show off their language skills. And so they think, "Oh, yes. I need to expand my answers."
也想展现自己的语言能力。所以他们想，“嗯是的我要扩充我的答案。”
But instead of expanding, they go and they talk about so many different things that don't have to do with the topic.
然而他们并不是在扩充，而是说了一大堆与话题不相关的事情。
For example, if they ask me a question on my hometown, if I start talking about Toronto, and then I start talking about education,
比如他们问到我的家乡。如果我说了多伦多，然后提到了教育，
and then I start talking about technology, this is going off on too many different topics.
又谈了谈科技，这就跑太偏了。
Stick to what they ask you. You can give examples, but they should be about -- they should refer to the question they asked you.
专注于问题。你可以举例，但例子需要跟问题相关。
Don't answer, "I don't know."
别回答“我不知道”。
In the first part of the IELTS, this would actually be a difficult
在口试第一部分，回答“不知道”可能还有点难度
I can't imagine you actually using this answer because the point of Part 1 of the IELTS is to make you feel comfortable.
因为这部分其实是为了让你们进入状态的，我想象不到哟什么机会回答“不知道”。
The examiner asks you questions about yourself. You should know these answers.
考官问的是关于你的问题，你应该知道怎么回答。
"What are your favorite hobbies? What types of foods do you like to eat? How many members are there in your family?"
“你的爱好是什么？你喜欢吃什么食物？你家有几口人？”
You shouldn't answer, "I don't know" to any of these questions. They're about you.
这都是关于你的问题，你不应该答不上来。
And if -- maybe you don't know. Maybe you've never thought about what's your favorite food. Just make it up.
而且——即使你真的不知道，比如你从没想过自己最喜欢吃什么，那就现编一个回答。
Even if you hate sushi, even if you hate West Indian food or Canadian food. That's okay. Just make it up. "
即使你讨厌寿司，讨厌西印度食物或者加拿大食物，都没问题，编一个答案。
I love West Indian food. I love Canadian food." If you don't know, make up your answer.
“我喜欢西印度食物。我喜欢加拿大美食。”诸如此类。
Don't speak too quickly, and don't speak too slowly. This is a little bit about fluency.
语速别太快，也千万别太慢。这是“流利度”的评分点。
What often happens with students is when they get nervous, they start to talk really, really, really fast, and they go a mile a minute. They just go so fast.
有的同学往往一紧张就开始说得很快，快得没边儿了。
If you're the type of person that does this, practice is speaking in environments where you get nervous.
如果你属于这种情况，那就在你容易感到紧张的场合练习口语。
This way, you can practice maybe ways to deal with stress, ways to deal with nervousness.
这样一来，你也许就能掌握应对压力和紧张的方法。
Try not to speak too quickly. Also, don't speak very slowly.
试着不要语速太快，当然也不要太慢。
I've had some students who have used a lot of "uh's" and "ah's", and this is a problem. Don't speak too slowly.
我的一些学生太频繁地“呃/啊”，这是个问题。不要说得太慢。
Another thing: Don't speak quietly. A lot of students, they're nervous, and they're shy, so they talk like this.
还有一点：大点声说。很多同学太紧张，太羞涩，所以他们这样说话。
And the examiner has to really listen. They can't hear what they're saying, and so you're not going to do as well if you talk quietly.
考官不得不费力地听。说话太小声，考官听不清的话，你也成绩也不会太好。
Talk with confidence. Talk loudly so they can hear what you're saying.
自信地说，大声说让他们听见你在说什么。
Finally, the most important point: Don't worry about being perfect.
最后，也是最最重要的一点：不用苛求完美。
You do not have to speak perfect English to do well on the IELTS.
并不是英语毫无瑕疵才能取得雅思高分。
Even if you're aiming for a mark of nine on the IELTS, a bandwidth of 9 -- sorry. If you're looking for the mark of nine, you do not need perfect English.
即便你想冲击口语满分9，你的英语也不需要是完美的。
You can make mistakes. If you make a mistake, that's okay. If you can correct it easily, do so.
你一样可以犯错，没问题。要是你能轻易纠正过来，那就纠正。
If you try to correct it and you're going to make more mistakes or you're going to take a lot of time, it's okay; just leave it.
要是你试图纠正但会犯更多错误，或者纠正要花很多时间，没问题，将错就错。
If you make a mistake, continue to talk. Move on.
要是你犯了一个错误，继续说下去，不用停。
There's a chance that the examiner didn't even hear that mistake. And they expect you to make mistakes.
考官也很可能没有注意到那个错误。而且他们允许你犯错。
If you make a mistake between using "a" or "the", if you make a mistake in terms of grammar, it's okay.
如果你用错了“a”或“the”，如果你犯了一个语法错误，都没问题。
Native speakers make mistakes, too. People are used to hearing native speakers, ESL students make mistakes.
即使英语母语人士也会犯小错误。人们也习惯了听母语人士和英语学习者犯错。
You do not have to be perfect. I can't say that enough. Don't worry about being perfect.
你不需要苛求完美，这是我反复强调的，不要纠结完美这件事。
If you're wondering the types of questions you may see on the IELTS, and if you want to practice with a friend or even in front of the mirror,
如果你想知道口试可能会遇到的问题类型，或者如果你想找个伴练习口语甚至想对着镜子自己练，
I strongly recommend you visit the website www. goodluckielts. com.
我强烈推荐你访问 www.goodluckielts.com。
On this website, there are more tips, as well as practice questions for Part 1 of the IELTS. And information, too, on the writing section, listening section, and reading section.
网站里有更多应试建议和口试部分的问题联系，以及关于写作、听力和阅读部分的雅思咨询。
I also invite you to come and do our quiz at www.engvid.com where you can practice some of these tips that we've talked about today. So until next time, take care.
同时也欢迎你到 www.engvid.com 做小测验，也可以练习我们今天讲到的很多技巧。今天就到这里，祝好。
