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Maybe it's Pennywise the clown from IT or maybe it's Leatherface that haunts your dreams,
也许是《小丑回魂》中的“Pennywise”小丑，或者是《德州电锯杀人狂》中的人皮脸让你噩梦连连。
either way film critics say there is something powerful and endearing about great horror films.
不管是哪一个，电影评论人称伟大的恐怖片都有一股量，让他们钟情于此。
People talk about films that they saw in their formative years when they were kids and how they still haunt them.
人们谈论他们小时候看过的电影，至今还让他们胆颤心惊。
The red and yellow parts of this brain scan show the amygdala. It becomes active when we're frightened.
大脑扫描的红色和黄色部分显示杏仁核，当我们害怕时它会变得活跃。
It's very good at detecting threat very quickly and then in return it sends messages down through the HPA axis
它能非常迅速地检测到威胁，然后通过肾上腺轴发送消息，
which is through the hypothalamus and the pituitary glands and a whole stress system gets activated.
并流经下丘脑和脑下垂体，然后整个应激系统被完全激活。
And you get scared or in scientific terms: noradrenaline and adrenaline and also dopamine and when all these hormones are rushing through your body,
于是你就有了恐惧感，或者用科学术语来说：你会产生去甲肾上腺素，肾上腺素和多巴胺，当所有这些激素分泌到你身体各个部位时，
you have several bodily responses that co-occur with this which is the widening of the pupils,
你的身体会出现许多反应，包括瞳孔放大，
your palms will start sweating, your heart will start racing and this is what we know as the fight-and-flight response.
你的手心开始出汗，心跳加快，这是我们所说的战斗或逃跑反应。
This experiment mimics a fear response by delivering mild shocks to the body.
通过对身体的轻微刺激，我们来模拟身体受到恐惧后的反应。
It is an unpleasant feeling so why do people bungee jump or visit haunted houses or watch scary movies to experience momentary fear.
恐惧，这本身是一种不愉快的体验，但为什么还是有人喜欢蹦极，去鬼屋或观看恐怖电影来体验瞬间的恐惧？
What matters a lot is the context. So if you subconsciously know that you're actually safe that you're not in real danger that you're not,
最重要的是环境，所以如果你下意识地知道你实际上是安全的，你没有危险，
there is no chance of dying, you can actually use this whole flooding of these neurotransmitters and hormones as a sort of natural high of the system.
你也不会死，那么你可以将产生的神经递质和激素看成是系统的天然兴奋剂。
Some people can put fear in context and get a kick out of feeling safe moments of fear.
许多人可以将这种恐惧感和环境联系在一起，所以能在安全的情况下享受恐惧带来的乐趣。
If you're a person that likes this, that means that you are very good at
如果你非常享受这种感觉，那么你就非常擅长利用
using this whole release of hormones and neurotransmitters, this natural high as a positive rewards.
这些释放的荷尔蒙和神经递质，这种天然的兴奋剂，将它们看成是积极的，有益的。
But not everyone can do that possibly because the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex aren't communicating,
但并不是每个人都能做到，可能是因为杏仁核和前额皮层之间没有联系，
this allows their fears safer not to overwhelm the mind.
所以在这种情况下，恐惧绝对不会战胜心智。
Kevin Enoch, VOA News.
凯文·艾诺克，VOA新闻为您报道。
