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世界最深的地方 马里亚纳海沟

来源:可可英语 编辑:Alisa   可可英语APP下载 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet

Deep in the Pacific Ocean, near China, there's a long, crescent-shaped area

在靠近中国的太平洋深处有一个长长的新月形区域,
that's one of the most special places on Earth.
它是地球上最特别的地方之一。
It's called the Mariana Trench, and it's the deepest part of the ocean.
它被称为马里亚纳海沟,是海洋最深的地方。
It's so far down that for a long time scientists weren't even sure if anything could live there.
它非常深,以至于很长一段时间内,科学家都不确定里面是否有生物存在。
But then we finally were able to explore it,
但后来我们最终能够探索它了,
and it turns out that there are some awesome forms of life down there!
发现这里有几种了不起的生命形式!
The Mariana Trench is almost 11,000 meters, or about 36,000 feet deep.
马里亚纳海沟有近1万1千米深,大约是3万6千英尺深。
It's hard to even imagine how far down that is,
我们很难想象它的深度,
but think about how far you would go if you walked for two hours, like for as long as a movie.
但思考一下如果你走两个小时或一场电影的时间,能走多远。
Yeah, that would be a long walk!
嗯,那将是一个长途!
But you'd end up going pretty far, right?
最终你会走很远,对吗?
Well, that's about as far down as the deepest part of the ocean is.
这大概就是到达海洋最深处的距离。
If you put the biggest mountain on Earth inside it,
如果你将地球上最大的山脉放到海沟里,
the top of the mountain wouldn't even come close to the surface of the water!
山顶甚至到不了水的表面!
And when you get that deep into the ocean, it becomes really hard for anything to survive.
到达海洋那么深的地方,生物很难生存。
For one thing, it's super dark.
首先,马里亚纳海沟超级黑。
The light from the sun can't go through all that water!
太阳光照不到这里!
And almost everything that's alive needs sunlight to live, so it's really important!
但几乎所有的生物都需要阳光,所以它很重要!
It's also really cold!
马里亚纳海沟也极其寒冷!
It's so cold that if it got even a tiny bit colder, the water would freeze into ice.
它非常冷,如果再变冷一点儿,水就会结冰。
And, there's tons of pressure down there, too.
再者,这里的压力也很大。
Pressure is what happens when something pushes on something else.
压力是某物在推另一个物体时产生的。
Like if I press my hand against this table, my hand are putting pressure on the table.
比如我用手按这张桌子,我的手正在对桌子施加压力。
At the bottom of the Mariana Trench,
在马里亚纳海沟的底部,
all the water above creates lots of pressure,
上面的所有水产生了大量压力,
so much that it wouldn't be safe for people, or almost any other living thing to swim around down there.
以至于对人及任何在周围游动的生物来说都不安全。
The pressure would be way too strong!
压力太大了!

虾.png

Between the darkness and the cold and the pressure,

在黑暗、寒冷与压力的作用下,
it's very hard for anything to survive at the bottom of the Mariana Trench.
任何生物都很难在马里亚纳海沟底部生存。
But there are some special types of life that can!
但有几种特殊的生命类型可以!
Like something called a sea cucumber.
比如这种海参。
No, not that kind of cucumber, Squeaks!
吱吱,这和黄瓜不一样!
Even though they have a similar name,
即使它们名字类似,
sea cucumbers aren't anything like the cucumber fruit we eat in salad sometimes.
海参不像我们有时在沙拉中吃得黄瓜。
They're animals!
它们是动物!
They kind of look like big worms, and they live on the ocean floor where they look for things to eat,
它们看起来像大虫子,生活在海底,在那里找东西吃,
like tiny animals, so small you wouldn't even be able see them.
比如你看不见的微小动物。
Another type of animal that lives in the deepest part of the ocean are amphipods,
另一类生活在海洋最深处的动物是片脚类生物,
which look a little bit like shrimp.
它们看起来有点儿像虾
Most of the animals that are similar to amphipods and live in other places are pretty small,
大多数与片脚类生物相似和生活在其他地方的动物都非常小,
they're usually only get about a centimeter long, or about as long as a fingernail.
它们通常只有一厘米或者像指甲一样长。
But the amphipods at the bottom of the Mariana Trench are much bigger,
但马里亚纳海沟底部的片脚类生物要大得多,
they can be 20 centimeters long, or about the size of a grown-up's hand!
它们有20厘米长,或者是一个成年人手的大小!
There are also lots of another type of living thing, called foraminifera,
这里还有另一种生物,叫做有孔虫,
or just forams for short, that live in the deepest part of the ocean.
或简写成forams,生活在海底最深处。
There are more than 400 kinds of them living in the Mariana Trench,
它们中有400多种生活在马里亚纳海沟,
and they're not animals or plants, or even fungi like mushrooms.
它们不是动物、植物、甚至连蘑菇类的真菌都不是。
They're a type of living thing called a protist.
它们是一种叫做原生生物的生物。
These forams can be about the same size as the amphipods, or even bigger, up to 30 centimeters long.
有孔虫可能和片脚类生物同样大,或者更大些,达到30厘米长。
All the types of life in the deepest part of the ocean are soft, with no hard bones.
海洋最深处的所有生物都是柔软的,没有坚硬的骨头。
They can't have bones, because the pressure down there is so strong that it would just turn them into mush!
它们不能有骨头,因为下面的压力太强了,会把骨头压碎!
That strong pressure also makes it very hard for us humans to go explore the Mariana Trench,
强大的压力也使我们人类很难去探索马里亚纳海沟,
which is why there's a lot scientists still don't know about it.
这就是很多科学家仍不了解它的原因。
We can send people in special types of submarines that keep them safe from the pressure and the cold,
我们可以用特殊类型的潜艇派人,让他们远离压力和寒冷,
or we can send robots without people.
或者也可以派遣不用人的机器人。
I know, Squeaks, I'd love to go explore it too!
吱吱,我知道,我也想去探索它!
But it's very hard and expensive to build submarines or robots that can go that far down.
但建造能深入那么远的潜艇或机器人太难了,而且造价昂贵。
Scientists have only done it a few times!
科学家们只做过几次!
So, we know a little bit about what's down in the deepest part of the ocean.
因此,我们对海洋最深处有了一点点了解。
But a lot of it is still a big mystery!
但它仍是一个大谜团!
Thanks for joining us!
感谢您的收看!
If you want to keep learning and having fun with Squeaks and me, hit the red subscribe button,
如果你想继续学习,与我和吱吱共度美好时光,就点击红色订阅键吧,
and we'll see you next time, here at the Fort!
我们下期见,沃斯堡等你哦!

重点单词   查看全部解释    
pacific [pə'sifik]

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n. 太平洋
adj. 太平洋的
p

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survive [sə'vaiv]

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vt. 比 ... 活得长,幸免于难,艰难度过

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pressure ['preʃə]

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n. 压力,压强,压迫
v. 施压

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explore [iks'plɔ:]

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v. 探险,探测,探究

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mystery ['mistəri]

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n. 神秘,秘密,奥秘,神秘的人或事物

 
freeze [fri:z]

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v. 冻结,冷冻,僵硬,凝固
n. 结冰,冻结

 
fingernail ['fiŋgəneil]

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n. 手指甲

 

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