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Hi. I'm Rebecca from engVid.
嗨，我是 Rebecca 来自engVid。
In this lesson you'll learn how to use modal verbs properly, and how to avoid making the most common mistakes that students sometimes make when using these special helping verbs.
本节课，你们将学习如何正确使用情态动词，以及如何避免犯最常见的错误，也就是学生在将情态动词作助动词使用时会犯的错误。
Now, even though modal verbs doesn't sound that exciting, when you see what they are you'll realize that we use these verbs all the time, and so you need to know how to use them correctly. Right?
那么，尽管情态动词听起来并不令人兴奋，当你看到它们是什么时你就会意识到，我们总会用到这些动词，所以你需要知道如何使用他们正确。对吧？
Okay. So, let's look at what modal verbs are.So, these are words that express different kinds of things.
好的。那么，让我们来看看什么是情态动词。所以，这些是表达不同种类事物的单词。
For example, they might express ability, possibility, permission, obligation. Okay?And some other things like that.
例如，它们可能表达能力，可能性，许可，义务。对吧？还有其他一些类似的事情。
And they behave differently from regular verbs, and that's why they're sometimes a little bit confusing.
然而他们的作用不同于普通动词，这就是为什么他们有时有点让人困惑。
But let's look at some examples of what modal verbs are.
但我们先来看看什么是情态动词的一些例子。
"Can", "could", "may", "might", "should", "ought to", "must", "have to", "will", "shall", and "would". Okay?
“可以”，“可能”，“也许”，“可能”，“应该”，“应该”，“必须”，“必须”，“将要”，“应该”，和 “会”。好的？
These are the most common ones.All right.
这些是最常见的情态动词。好的。
So, I'm going to give you now three basic rules that you can follow to avoid most of the mistakes that are usually made with the modal verbs. Okay?
那么，我会教大家三条基本规则，遵循它们，你们可以避免关于情态动词的大多数常见错误。
So, first of all, make sure to use the modal verb as is.
那么，首先，请务必使用情态动词原形。
That means don't change it in the present, or the past, or the future.
这意味着不论在现在时，过去时，还是将来时，都不要改变它。
For example, we can say: "He can swim."This is a correct sentence.
例如，我们可以说：“他会游泳。”这是一个正确的句子。
It would be wrong to say: "He cans swim."Because, here, the student put an extra "s" there.
这将是错误的说法：“他会游泳”因为，这里，学生 加了一个多余的 “s”。
All right?And we don't need to change that modal verb ever.
好吧？而我们从不需要改变这种情态动词的形式。
Okay? All right.Second, use the base form of the verb after a modal.
对吧？好的。第二，在情态动词后用动词的基本原形。
Don't use "to".What do I mean by that?
不要加 “to”。我是什么意思呢？
For example, you should say: "He might join us."
例如，你应该说：“他可能会加入我们。”
Not: "He might to join us." Okay?
而不是：“他可能会加入我们。”对吧？
This is a really common error, so make sure you don't make this one.
这是一个非常常见的错误，所以请务必不要犯。
So don't use the full infinitive to join after a word like "might".
那么，不要在像是 "might" 这类单词后加动词不定式。
Just use the base form of the verb, which is: "join".
只需用动词的基本原形，如："join"。
"He might join us.", "He could join us.", "He should join us.", "He must join us." and so on, without "to".All right? Very good.
“他可能会加入我们。”，“他能加入我们。”，“他应该加入我们。”，“他必须要加入我们。”等等，都不加"to"。对吧？很好。
Now, the next point is if you need to, say, use the modal verb in the negative form, then just use "not" after the modal.
现在，下一个问题是，如果你需要，比方说，使用情态动词的否定形式，则只需在情态动词后加"not"。
All right? Don't add any extra words most the time;
对吧？大多数时候都不要添加任何多余单词；
there's one little exception, I'll explain that to you, but for most of them, don't use words like: "don't", or "doesn't", or "isn't", "aren't", "wasn't", "won't". Okay?
是存在一些例外，我会解释给你们，但对于大多数情况，不要用诸如此类的词："don't"，或 "doesn't"，或 "isn't"，"aren't"，"wasn't"，"won't"。好吗？
So, with most of these modal verbs just say "not".For example: "You should not smoke."
所以，对于大多数情态动词，只需加 "not"。例如：“你不应该吸烟。”
Not: "You don't should smoke."All right?
不是："You don't should smoke."对吧？
So, here the student knows and learned all these lovely words: "don't", "doesn't", "isn't", "aren't", all that and try to use it when using the modal verb, but that's wrong. Okay?
那么，这样，学生知道并学会了所有这些可爱的单词："don't"，"doesn't"，"isn't"，"aren't"，在使用情态动词的时候试着使用这些词，但这是错误的。明白吗？
So, the only exception is with the verb...With the modal verb "have to", there if you want to make it negative, you need to say:"You don't have to do this", okay?
那么，唯一的例外是...情态动词 "have to"，如果你想将它用于被动，你需要说："You don't have to do this"，明白吗？
But with the other ones, we just say: "You cannot", "You could not", "You may not", "You might not", "You should not", "You ought not to", okay?
但是对于其他的情态动词，我们只说："You cannot"，"You could not"，"You may not"，"You might not"，"You should not"，"You ought not to"，明白吗？
So there you have to be careful where to place it."You must not", this one I told you is an exception.
所以你要仔细小心使用。"You must not"，我说过这是一个特殊情况。
"You will not", "You shall not", and "You would not". Okay?
"You will not"，"You shall not"，and "You would not"。对吧？
And the other thing to keep in mind when you're using this word and "not", this is a really common mistake, so the important thing to remember: This actually becomes one word. Okay?
还有需要记住的是，当你们在使用这个词和 "not" 时，这是一个非常常见的错误，所以需要重点记住：它们实际上变成了一个单词。
Only in that case.You don't say can't You say: "cannot", but it's actually one word. All right?
但只有在这种情况下才是。你不说 can't，你说："cannot"，但它实际是一个单词。对吧？
Most of the time, almost always "not" is a separate word with all of the other modal verbs.
大多数时候，几乎都是 "not" 作为一个独立的单词搭配所有其他的情态动词。
But not with "can".With "can" it actually becomes one word: "I cannot arrive"-okay? -"on time", like that. Okay?
但不能与 "can" 搭配。和 "can" 搭配，它实际上变成了一个单词："I cannot arrive" 对吧？"on time"，之类的。对吧？
So, now that you've got these basic rules and you've understood how it works, let's do some practice to see how well you've understood.
所以，现在你们已经有了这些基本的规则，知道了它是如何作用的，那么我们来做一些练习来看看你理解得如何。
Okay, so let's get started with our exercises.Now, the rules are written at the top just in case you didn't remember them exactly.
好，我们来开始练习吧。那么，规则都写在上方了，以防你记不住清楚。
First one, remember use it as it is, don't change the modal verb.Second one, use with the base verb.
第一，记住使用情态动词原形，不要改变时态。第二，搭配动词原形。
Don't use the full infinitive "to" something.And the last one: Use "not" after the modals when it's negative. Okay? All right.
不要用动词不定式 "to" 之类的。最后一条：在否定式时，在情态动词后加 "not"。对吧？很好。
Try to keep those in mind, but most of all let's look at the actual examples and you tell me what's wrong with them.
把这些记在心里，但最重要的是让我们来看看实际的例子然后你们告诉我它们哪里错了。
There is something wrong with each and every one of these sentences. Okay.Number one: "You must to finish your homework.
这里每个句子都有一些问题。第一个：“你必须完成家庭作业。
You must to finish your homework."What's wrong there?
You must to finish your homework."哪里不对呢？
What did the person do wrong?They added "to". All right?
这个人做错了什么？他们多加了 "to"。对吧？
This was our second rule. Right?You cannot use "to".
这是我们的第二条规则。是吧？你不能用 "to"。
Just say: "You must finish your homework." Okay?That's it.
只能说："You must finish your homework."对吧？就是这样。
Number two: "I don't can drive.I don't can drive."That's wrong.
第二个：“我不能开车。I don't can drive.”这是错的。
What should it be?"I cannot drive." Okay?
它应该是什么？“我不能开车。”对吧？
That's what we said here in the third rule. Right?
这就是我们在第三条规则里说的。对吧？
That just use "not" when it's negative. All right?
在否定式时，只能用 "not"。对吧？
And remember with the word "cannot", it's one word. All right.
记住这个词 "cannot"，这是一个单词。没错。
Number three: "You should not to smoke.You should not to smoke."What's wrong there?
第三个：“你不应该抽烟。"You should not to smoke。”哪里错了？
Okay, again, we want to take out this "to".
好吧，再一次，我们要拿掉这个 “ to”。
The sentence should be: "You should not smoke."So, again, you don't want to use the "to".
这句话应该是：“你不应该吸烟。”所以，再一次，你不希望使用“到”。
Just use the base form of the verb.Don't use the full infinitive.Okay, number four: "We not could call you.
只需使用动词的基本原形。不要使用不定式。好了，第四条：“我们不能够给你打电话。
We not could call you", some people say, but it's not right.What should it be?
We not could call you"，有人这么说，但这是不对的。应该是什么样的呢？
"We could not call you."Remember? "not" goes after the modal. Okay?Not anywhere else."He mights go to sleep.
“我们不能给你打电话。”记得吗？"not" 在情态动词后。对吧？不在其他任何地方。“他可能去睡觉了。
He mights go to sleep."It's not right.It should be: "He might go to sleep." Okay?
He mights go to sleep."这是不对的。它应该是：“他可能去睡觉了。”对吧？
This was our rule number one, here, at the top.
这是我们的第一条规则，在这里，这上面。
And the rule was that we don't change anything. Right?We just say: "He might go to sleep."
而规则是，我们不改变任何东西。对吧？我们只说：“他可能去睡觉了。”
We never change the modal. Right.Next, number six: "They can to stay with us."
我们从不改变的情态动词。没错。接下来，第六个：“他们可以和我们呆在一起。”
Somebody says very kindly: "They can to stay with us."
有人非常亲切地说："They can to stay with us."
It's a very kind suggestion.It's not grammatically correct.
这是一个很友善的建议。但是语法不正确。
Let's make it correct.What do we need to take out?This, okay?
我们来修正它。我们需要拿掉什么？这里，对吧？
It should be just: "They can stay.", "They can go.", "They can leave.", "They can come." Whatever.
它应该只是："They can stay."，"They can go."，"They can leave."，"They can come."之类的。
But no "to". All right?So this was our rule number two. Okay? All right.
但是，没有“to”。好吧？所以，这是我们的第二条规则。对吧？没错。
Number seven: "We would not to arrive on time.We would not to arrive on time."Again, you want to take out this "to".
第七个：“我们不会准时到达。We would not to arrive on time."同样，你要拿掉这个“to”。
And the reason why this keeps happening is because this is the most common mistake. All right?
为什么这种状况不断发生是因为这是最常见的错误。好吧？
So that's why I have more of those here for you to review."We would not arrive on time." Good.
所以这就是为什么我在这里准备了更多例句来让你复习。“我们不会准时到达。”没错。
And the last one: "She wills return soon.She wills return soon." Okay?So what's wrong there?The first rule up here, okay.
而最后一个：“她很快会回来。She wills return soon."那么，哪里错了呢？第一条规则在这里。
The rule says that the modal verb doesn't change, and here it did get changed, so we have to take out the "s", and then it will become: "She will return soon." which is correct. Okay?
这条规则说，情态动词不会变形，而这里它变了，所以我们要拿掉“s”，然后就会变成："She will return soon." 者才是对的。对吧？
I know there are a few things to keep in mind, but the more you practice, the better you're going to get at it.
我知道需要记忆的内容不少，但是你练习得越多，掌握得就越好。
So, please go to our website: www. engvid. com.
那么，请访问我们的网站：www.engvid.com。
There, you can do a quiz on this and you can also watch lots of other wonderful English lessons on engVid. Okay?
在那里，大家可以做本节课的测验，还可以在 engVid 看很多其他的精彩英语课程。
And if you enjoyed this lesson, please subscribe to my YouTube channel so you can get a regular dose of English lessons. Okay?Thanks for watching.Bye for now.
如果你喜欢本节课，请订阅我的YouTube频道，这样你就可以定期收获大量英语课。好吗？感谢收看。再见。
