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超级大国的兴衰(视频+MP3+中英字幕) 第373期:斯大林与苏联(10)

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The peasants were ordered to give their livestock to the state,

农民被迫把牲口上交给国家
but the owners of cattle killed the cattle rather than give them up to the hated communists.
但是农民们不愿意把牲口交给他们憎恨的共产党,所以就把牲口宰杀了
This double-loss of needed food enraged Stalin, who declared that the Kulaks had to be wiped out completely.
这种双重浪费急需粮食的行为激怒了斯大林,他宣布要完全铲除富农
Sometimes the so-called Kulaks were shot; sometimes they were deported to remote regions of the Soviet Union and never seen again.
有时,富农会遭枪杀,有时他们会被驱赶到苏联的边陲,自此消失不见
This being how Russia's most skilled and most ambitious farmers were treated, the message was clear.
这就是俄国那些最富经验最野心勃勃的富农的下场,意思很明显
Try to better yourself as a farmer and get yourself killed.
作为农民,若想让自己的生活更富裕,那么等待你的就是死亡
苏联

Despite this first round of Stalinist terror, Soviet industry grew rapidly by 1932.

尽管斯大林第一轮恐怖统治很残忍,但是到1932年苏联的工业飞速发展了起来
The price was a destruction of the bond between workers and peasants, upon which Lenin had placed such great importance.
代价就是工农关系的破裂,而列宁原本很看重这层关系
Even family ties were cut. Soviet children were expected to denounce grain hoarders even if they were their parents.
甚至亲情也被切断了。苏联的孩子被教育谴责囤粮者,即便这些人就是他们的父母
Literally millions of innocent peasants starved or died of disease, especially in Ukraine,
事实上,几百万无辜的农民死于饥饿或疾病,乌克兰尤为如此
while surplus grain was exported overseas to raise funds for industrial growth.
可大量的粮食却被出口到海外,为工业发展积累资金
Even before Hitler came to power in Germany, Joseph Stalin had already murdered millions.
早在希特勒掌权德国以前,斯大林就已经谋杀了几百万人

重点单词   查看全部解释    
livestock ['laivstɔk]

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n. 家畜,牲畜

 
cattle ['kætl]

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n. 牛,家畜,畜牲

 
funds

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n. 基金;资金,现金(fund的复数) v. 提供资金

 
surplus ['sə:pləs]

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adj. 多余的,过剩的
n. 过剩,剩余物,

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ambitious [æm'biʃəs]

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adj. 有雄心的,有抱负的,野心勃勃的

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destruction [di'strʌkʃən]

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n. 破坏,毁灭,破坏者

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terror ['terə]

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n. 恐怖,惊骇,令人惧怕或讨厌的人或事物

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remote [ri'məut]

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adj. 偏僻的,遥远的,远程的,(感情等)距离很大

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bond [bɔnd]

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n. 债券,结合,粘结剂,粘合剂
vt. 使结

 
innocent ['inəsnt]

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adj. 清白的,无辜的,无害的,天真纯洁的,无知的

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