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Hey there and welcome to Life Noggin!
大家好！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想！
Oh? Everything is candy! Sweet! I don’t know about you, but I really love sugar.
都变成糖果了？太棒了！我不知道你的喜好，但是我超爱吃糖的。
Anything sweet really. And kind. And smart. And super tough... and oh geez, I’m doing it again!
任何甜的东西，真的。还有好的，聪明的，超级坚强的东西。天啊，我又开始了！
Uh, back on topic, Blocko. So yeah, sugar, it’s pretty awesome, Some people even say they’re addicted to the stuff.
回到本期话题吧，宝高。糖是非常好的东西，甚至有些人觉得他们对糖上瘾了。
But is it actually possible to get addicted to sugar like you can with certain drugs?
但是你真的会像对毒品上瘾那样对糖上瘾吗？
Well, first off, if we’re going to try and compare the two, just what is a drug addiction? According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse,
首先呢，如果我们要比较毒品和糖的话，我们先看看什么是毒瘾，根据国家药物滥用研究所的定义，
addiction is a chronic brain disease characterized by a person’s compulsion to seek out and use drugs, despite there being harmful consequences.
成瘾是一种慢性脑疾病，其特征是一个人尽管知道会产生有害后果，但仍会冲动的寻求和使用药物。
Drugs can alter your brain — both in how it works and its actual structure — and those changes can be long-lasting, leading to harmful behaviors.
毒品可以改变你的大脑——包括它的工作方式和它的实际结构——这些改变可能是永久的，会导致有害的行为。
Sometimes even self-destructive ones. So can the same type of thing happen with sugar?
甚至有时会产生自我毁灭的影响。那么同样的事情会发生在糖瘾上吗?
People can’t really seem to agree one way or the other.
人们不能真正的同意糖瘾是否存在。
Now, there are certainly supporters that back the idea of sugar addiction.
现在肯定有人支持糖瘾存在的观点。
A good example is an article put out just last year in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. After looking at a bunch of data, both with animals and humans,
一个很好的例子是去年发表在《英国运动医学杂志》上的一篇文章。在分析完一些包括动物和人类的数据后，
researchers said that there are substantial parallels between sugar and drugs of abuse, from both a behavioral standpoint and one of brain neurochemistry.
研究人员说道，从行为和脑神经化学的角度来看，糖和药物滥用之间有很多相似之处。
They even brought up how certain animal studies have shown that the reward for sugar can surpass that of cocaine!
他们甚至提到某些关于动物的研究，这些研究发现糖带来的奖赏可超过可卡因的奖赏！
So it’s a pretty good case for sugar addiction being real.
所以这是一个很好的证明糖瘾存在的例子。
But a recent 2016 study argues the opposite. The researchers started off by looking at the literature on sugar and food addictions.
但最近一项2016年的研究提出了相反的观点。研究人员首先查阅了有关糖和食物成瘾的文献。
Then they examined if sugar could be addictive by pitting any evidence from the animal and human neuroscience literature on drug and sugar addiction against each other.
然后，他们将动物和人类神经科学文献中关于药物和糖成瘾的证据相互对照，以检验糖是否会上瘾。
In the end, they found little evidence to support that humans could be addicted to sugar.
最后，他们发现几乎没有证据表明人类可能对糖上瘾。
They also said that findings from animal cases suggest that their addiction-like behaviors happened only when they had intermittent access to sugar,
他们还说，动物实验的结果表明，他们的成瘾行为只有在间歇性地摄入糖分时才会发生，
believing those behaviors to come from the intermittent access, not the actual neurochemical effects of sugar.
相信这些行为来自间歇性接触，而不是糖产生的神经化学效应。
Though, on another note, one thing that potentially points to sugar cravings as being similar to addiction
不过，另一方面，有一件事可能表明，对糖的渴望与上瘾是类似的，
is that drugs designed to help people quit smoking might also help you curb a bit of your sweet tooth.
那就是旨在帮助人们戒烟的药物可能也会帮助你控制你的甜食喜好。
Looking at a study using rats, research suggests that varenicline, an FDA-approved drug used to help people with nicotine cravings,
在一项以老鼠为研究对象的研究中，研究表明，FDA批准的一种叫瓦伦尼克林的药物可以帮助那些对尼古丁上瘾的人，
could also be used to reduce your desire to eat sugary foods.
也可以用来减少你吃含糖食物的欲望。
In the study, rats were given the choice to either drink from a bottle containing only water, or one that had been sweetened with sucrose.
在研究中，研究人员给了老鼠两个选择，要么喝一个瓶子里的水，要么喝另一个瓶子里的含蔗糖的水。
While our little furry friends used varenicline, researchers found that the rats consumed significantly less sucrose.
当我们毛茸茸的小朋友食用了瓦伦尼克林时，研究人员发现老鼠们食用蔗糖会显著减少。
The findings are pretty interesting! But this all means that we don’t really have a clear answer on whether or not you can actually be addicted to sugar.
研究结果非常有趣!但这一切都意味着，对于你是否真的会对糖上瘾，我们并没有一个明确的答案。
But either way, sugar can have an affect on your life and sometimes people want to cut it out.
但不管怎样，糖都会对你的生活产生影响，有时人们会想要戒掉它。
Specifically added sugars, which are are sugars and syrups that are added to what you eat or drink when it’s prepared or processed.
特别是添加糖，也就是添加到准备好的或加工的食物或饮料中的糖和糖浆。
So that just means getting rid of things like candies and soda, right?!
所以这就意味着我们应该戒掉糖果和苏打水，对吧?!
Apparently not. Added sugar is in a bunch of “healthier” options too.
当然不是了，在很多“更健康”的食物中都有糖的存在。
You can find decent amounts of added sugar in everything from granola bars and yogurt, to canned fruits and even spaghetti sauce!
你可以在任何食物中相当数量的添加糖，从格兰诺拉燕麦棒和酸奶，到罐装水果，甚至是意大利面酱!
Wow, there’s so many sugary things in your world!
哇，人类世界中有这么多含糖食物！
If you want to get any sweet foods down here in the Life Noggin world, you have to visit one of those websites that remembers some of your data.
如果你想在大脑洞开的世界找到任何甜食，你得访问那些能记住你的一些数据的网站。
Uh? Of course I’ll enable cookies! Bring em here! Gimmie! Give me the cookies! Gimmie!
当然我会创造饼干，过来，给我，把这些饼干给我！
So do you think you're addicted to sugar? What’s your favorite sugary treat to eat? Let me know in the comment section below.
所以你觉得自己对糖有瘾吗？你最喜欢的糖制品是什么？请在下面的评论区告诉我吧。
Wanna learn more about a rare syndrome that essentially turns you to stone? Check out this video!
想了解一种会把人变成石头的罕见综合症吗？看看这个视频吧！
Imagine one day you find a huge lump on your rib cage, and even after getting it x-rayed, you still don't know what's going on.
想象有一天你在胸腔里发现了一个巨大的肿块，即使照了X光，你仍然不知道发生了什么。
As always, my name is Blocko, this has been Life Noggin, don't forget to Keep On Thinking!
我是宝高，这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想。思考不要停！
