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Hey there, welcome to life noggin!
大家好！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想！
Oh, an eighties rock band, very on theme and very sweaty too.
哇，一个80年代的乐队，非常应景，也很热哦。
It's easy to think of how differently we understand the world today compared to what we thought way back in the past.
我们很容易想到，我们今天对世界的理解与很久以前相比有多么不同。
But beliefs are always changing. We were always learning new things with science and our view of the world is pretty different now than it was even a few decades ago.
但是人们的观点总是在变的，我们总是通过科学学习新事物，我们对世界的看法甚至与几十年前都大不相同。
So what are some things that people used to believe back in the 80s?
那么，上世纪80年代人们常常相信的是什么呢?
Well one belief was that things like aluminum cans and foil were linked to Alzheimer's disease.
有一种观点认为铝罐和铝箔和阿尔茨海默氏症有关。
This mainly came about after research from the 60s and 70s showed elevated levels of aluminum in the brains of people with Alzheimer's,
60年代和70年代的研究发现阿尔茨海默氏症患者的大脑中铝含量升高，后来这种观点就出现了。
making people think that any amount of aluminum they were getting from their dietary habits was ramping up their risk.
这让人们认为他们从自己饮食习惯中摄取的铝会增加他们的患病风险。
But hold on, let's take a look at what we know now.
但是等一下，让我们看看我们现在知道什么。
In general, the National Institute of Aging notes that an increasing age is the most important known risk factor for Alzheimer's,
国家老龄化研究所指出，一般而言，年龄的增长是阿尔茨海默氏症最重要的已知危险因素，
with the number of people with the disease doubling every 5 years beyond the age of 65.
在65岁以上的人群中，每大五岁患病人数就会增加一倍。
They went on to say that late onset Alzheimer's which is the most common form of Alzheimer's is probably caused by a combination of genetic environmental and lifestyle factors.
他们还说，晚发型阿尔茨海默病是阿尔茨海默病最常见的一种形式，这可能是由遗传环境和生活方式因素共同导致的。
So does any of that leave the door open for aluminum being a potential cause?
因此，这是否为铝成为致病的潜在原因打开了大门？
Well according to more recent studies researchers have failed to show that aluminum plays any significant role in causing Alzheimer's disease.
根据进一步的研究，研究人员没能证明铝在导致阿尔茨海默病原因中扮演重要角色。
So while there may still be a bit of mystery here on this one.
所以，虽然铝和阿尔茨海默病的关系可能仍然有一些神秘。
The evidence just isn't there to confirm this is true.
但是没有证据可以证明铝会导致阿尔茨海默病。
But let's switch gears and outfits. I'm getting pretty tired of this one.
但是让我们换套装备吧，我有点厌烦这个了。
With all my American friends having a big feast called Thanksgiving coming around the corner.
感恩节就要到了，我美国的朋友们就要有一顿大餐吃了。
Another myth that used to be more popular back in the 80s was the belief that there was something special about the tryptophan in your Thanksgiving turkey and how it makes you sleepy.
另一个在80年代更为流行的错误观念是，人们相信感恩节火鸡里的色氨酸有某种特别的作用，它能让人昏昏欲睡。
This idea was so popular that tryptophan supplements became a popular sleep aid in the 80s.
这种观念非常流行，以至于色氨酸补充剂在80年代成为一种流行的睡眠辅助剂。
There's some truth to the idea that tryptophan in Turkey can make you a bit sleepyer.
色氨酸让人犯困这个观念还是有一些道理的。
But the same goes for any other meat, Cheese is too- in fact cheddar cheese has more tryptophan in it than Turkey does if you compare them gram to gram.
但是对其他肉类来说也是一样的，奶酪也是，事实上切达干酪比同重量的火鸡中的色氨酸的含量还要多。
Probably the biggest thing that surprised me and all this is that back then, it was more commonly believed that babies couldn't feel pain.
可能当时最让我惊讶的事情是，人们普遍认为婴儿不会感到疼痛。
Yeah the idea was that a baby just wasn't developed enough yet to feel pain.
这个观点认为婴儿还没有发育到能感到疼痛的地步。
The belief even went so far as to make its way into the medical world,
这种观点甚至进入了医学界，
leading physicians to use little to no form of pain relief, like anesthesia for instance, on their younger patients when performing painful operations.
这使得医生在对年轻人进行疼痛的手术时很少或根本不使用麻醉之类的止痛方法。
Thankfully the American Academy of Pediatrics helped to turn this idea around in 1987.
幸运的是，美国儿科学会在1987年帮助扭转了这一观点。
After referencing a bunch of studies that suggest babies do feel pain, they decided that babies shouldn't be denied pain relief
美国儿科学会在参考了一系列表明孩子会感到疼痛的研究后，
and things like anesthesia or analgesics solely based on their age or their perceived degree of cortical maturity,
判定说人们不应该只根据孩子们的年龄和他们的皮层成熟度就不给他们使用麻醉药、镇痛药之类的止痛方法。
Basically how developed people thought a baby's brain was.
皮层成熟度就本上就是孩子的大脑发育程度。
So even though the 80s were only a few decades ago our idea on things have certainly changed a lot since then.
所以说即使80年代距现在只有几十年，但是自那以来我们对事物的看法肯定改变了很多。
What's something we all believe now that you think scientists of the future will laugh about later?
在我们现在相信的事情中，有什么是你觉得未来的科学家会嘲笑的事情呢？
Let me know in the comments section below or tell us what decade should we cover next?
请在下面评论区告诉我们你的答案吧，或者告诉我们下期我们应该聊哪个年代？
Enjoyed this video? Check out the one we did on the 1920s.
喜欢这个视频吗？看看这个我们做的关于20年代的视频吧。
Back in the 20s people were convinced that any woman with an increased libido, bad language and the tendency to get into mischief had a disease they called hysteria.
在20年代，人们相信任何一个性欲增强、语言恶劣、而且有恶作剧的倾向女人都患有一种他们称之为歇斯底里症的疾病。
As always my name is black oh this has been life noggin don't forget to keep on thinking!
我是宝高，这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想。思考不要停！
