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Baby checklist.
婴儿用品清单。
Binky. Bottle. Banana toothbrush. Bib.
奶嘴。奶瓶。香蕉牙刷。围嘴。
What is a baby cage?
婴儿笼是什么?
Why did these baby cages exist?
为什么会有婴儿笼这种东西?
And were they a good idea?
这么做真的好吗?
Emma Read’s 1922 patent for her version of a baby cage hints at its twin motives: crowded cities and fresh air.
1922年，艾玛·里德设计的婴儿笼获得了专利，这一专利透露了婴儿笼存在的双重原因：拥挤的城市和新鲜的空气。
In both England and the United States, where baby cages were a fad, urbanization had accelerated.
无论是英国还是美国，婴儿笼都曾风靡一时，而这两个国家的城市化进程都在加快。
In the United States, 20% of people lived in an urban area in 1860.
美国1860年的时候就已经有20%的人口居住在城市地区了。
100 years later, it was more than 70%.
100年后，这一比例已经达到了70%以上。
This was coupled with declining, but still high rates of tuberculosis.
除此之外，还有结核病的问题，其发病率虽然已经有所下降，但还是很高。
TB, aka consumption, is best thought of as a lung disease.
结核病，又称肺病，通常被认为是一种肺部疾病。
On this 1901 map of Washington DC, every colored dot represents a death from tuberculosis.
在这张1901年华盛顿特区的地图上，每一个彩色的点都代表一个死于肺结核的人。
By 1920, 100 of every 100,000 Americans were still dying from it.
到1920年，每10万名美国人中就有100人死于肺结核。
Crowded cities and a disease of the lungs shared a possible treatment: fresh air.
然而，拥挤的城市和肺部疾病有着同一种潜在的疗法：新鲜空气。
These schoolchildren are huddled in blankets because the windows are open.
这些小学生都裹着毯子，因为当时正开着窗户。
It was for the fresh air.
为的就是让他们能够呼吸新鲜空气。
A fresh air movement gained popularity in schools in the early 20th century,
20世纪初，一场新鲜空气运动在学校里流行开来，
Inspired by TB sanatoriums, where light and outdoor air were the best available treatment for children and adults.
这场运动的灵感来自于结核病疗养院，光线和户外空气已经是那里的儿童和成人能够获得的最好的治疗了。
Fresh air soon became a recommendation for both TB and the cramped city quarters that exacerbated the contagious disease.
新鲜空气很快就成了对结核病患者和加剧这种传染病的拥挤的城区的建议。
It had become a panacea, with influential books that had whole chapters about “airing” your child.
它已经成了一种灵丹妙药，很多颇有影响力的书甚至会整章整章地讲“让”你的孩子“透透气”。
In the early 1900s, adults could air out at night with sleeping porches and indoor "bed tents" that hung out of the windows.
20世纪初，成年人可以通过晚上睡在门廊和挂在窗户外面的室内“帐篷床”里呼吸空气。
It spread to babies - like the wealthy Bostonians who put babies on the roof.
这种做法也传播到了婴儿身上，比如，富裕的波士顿人就会把婴儿放在屋顶上。
And soon people used baby cages.
很快，人们就开始用婴儿笼了。
“Put your baby in a bird cage,” papers proclaimed, for the “open air and sunshine” - in a world where “lawns and meadows” were scarce.
“把你的孩子放在鸟笼里，”报纸上宣称，让TA在一个“草坪和草地”都很稀缺的世界里也能沐浴“户外的空气和阳光”。
They stuck around until the middle of the century,
这种婴儿笼一直流传到了上世纪中叶，
when, fortunately, TB fatalities fell further thanks to vaccines, new treatment, and better ventilation.
那时，多亏了疫苗、新的疗法和更好的通风环境，结核病的死亡率得到了进一步的下降。
But those baby cages, they’re an understandable minor fad.
但那些婴儿笼，可以说它们也是一种合乎情理的小时尚。
Parents wanted the best for their children, just like today.
和现在一样，那时的父母也希望能给孩子最好的。
Look at these toes.
看看这些小脚丫子。
Why should these beautiful toes only be allowed to wiggle in a stroller or a high chair?
为什么这些漂亮的小脚丫子只能在婴儿车或高脚椅上扭来扭曲?
Why not another place, in the fresh air, in a hanging cage, without supervision,
为什么就不能别的地方，在新鲜的空气里，在一个没人看管的吊笼里扭来扭去呢，
while cars rumble many stories below, supported by some thin wires
当汽车在距离很多层楼的地面上轰隆隆地穿梭着，有细铁丝网的保护，
and love, love, a love every generation shares--
还有爱，爱，任何一代都无差别的爱守护——
Yeah, just kidding, baby cages are — they’re bad. It’s a bad idea.
好吧，我开玩笑的，婴儿笼……不好。这主意不好。
If you like this video, consider joining the Vox Videolab, where you can support videos like this and see a ton of cool extra features.
如果你喜欢这个视频，那你可以考虑加入我们的“沃克斯视频实验室”，支持类似的视频，还能享受很多很酷的额外功能噢。
Consider it.
考虑一下呗。
Thanks a lot for watching.
感谢大家的收看。
