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Now this, for me, is a common situation. I work in old-age homes, largely.
其实这种现象对我来说并不稀奇，我在养老院工作。
I see a lot of elderly people who are hearing impaired or visually impaired.
认识很多老人是听力或视力受损的。
About 10 percent of the hearing impaired people get musical hallucinations.
10%的听力受损者有听觉幻觉。
And about 10 percent of the visually impaired people get visual hallucinations.
10%的视力受损者有视觉幻觉。
You don't have to be completely blind, only sufficiently impaired.
不一定要完全失明或完全听不到，才会有这种幻觉。
Now with the original description in the 18th century, Charles Bonnet did not have them.
18世纪的查尔斯·邦纳，其实并没有这种症状。
His grandfather had these hallucinations. His grandfather was a magistrate, an elderly man.
产生幻觉的是他的祖父，一位年长的长官。
He'd had cataract surgery. His vision was pretty poor. And in 1759, he described to his grandson various things he was seeing.
这个长官曾接受过白内障手术，视力不大好，1759年，他向孙子描述了他看到的各种各样的幻象。
The first thing he said was he saw a handkerchief in midair. It was a large blue handkerchief with four orange circles.
第一个幻象是一块悬浮在空中的手帕，大大的，蓝色的，还有四个橙色的圆圈。
And he knew it was a hallucination. You don't have handkerchiefs in midair. And then he saw a big wheel in midair.
他知道这是个幻觉，因为手帕不会浮在半空，他还看到过一个大轮子浮在空中。
But sometimes he wasn't sure whether he was hallucinating or not, because the hallucinations would fit in the context of the visions.
不过有时候他也搞不清楚看到的到底是不是幻觉，因为这些幻觉会融合在现实的背景里。
So on one occasion, when his granddaughters were visiting them, he said, "And who are these handsome young men with you?"
有一次，当他的孙女们来探望他时，他又看到了幻觉，他问：“这几个跟你们在一起的帅小伙子是谁啊？”
And they said, "Alas, Grandpapa, there are no handsome young men." And then the handsome young men disappeared.
孙女们却说：“诶，爷爷，没有你说的帅小伙啊。”突然间帅小伙们就消失了。
It's typical of these hallucinations that they may come in a flash and disappear in a flash.
这是一种典型的幻觉，刷一下来，刷一下去。
They don't usually fade in and out. They are rather sudden, and they change suddenly.
没有渐变，相当突然，变得也快。
Charles Lullin, the grandfather, saw hundreds of different figures, different landscapes of all sorts.
查尔斯·鲁林，也就是那个祖父，看到过几百个不同的人像，还有各种各样的景色。
On one occasion, he saw a man in a bathrobe smoking a pipe, and realized it was himself.
有一次，他看到一个穿浴袍的男人在抽烟斗，然后意识到，那就是他自己。
That was the only figure he recognized. On one occasion when he was walking in the streets of Paris, he saw -- this was real -- a scaffolding.
那是唯一一个他辨认出来的人像，还有一次，他在巴黎的街道上当真看到了一个脚手架。
But when he got back home, he saw a miniature of the scaffolding six inches high, on his study table.
回到家后，却看到了那个脚手架的迷你版，六英尺高，就立在他的书桌上。
This repetition of perception is sometimes called palinopsia.
这种感知的重复 有时会被称作视像保留。
