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They can't handle unexpected questions.
他们无法应付意料之外的问题。
Like we've mentioned previously, liars are using their brains much more than those telling the truth.
比如我们之前提到的，说谎者用脑比说真话者更多。
Honest people don't have to think too hard about what they're saying, they're simply telling the truth.
说真话的人不必对自己的话思考太多，他们只是在陈述事实。
Liars on the other hand are inventing entire stories and situations clearly out of their own imaginations.
另一方面，说谎者需要凭借自己的想象编造出整个故事和场景。
Sometimes, they plan out their responses and stories long in advance.
有时他们会提前编造答案和故事。
That's why when we ask them unexpected random questions, it often catches them out.
所以当问他们一些意料之外的随机问题时，他们常常会现出原形。
It's another technique that police often use, simply asking them what they were wearing
这是警察经常用的另一个技巧—就问问他们那天穿什么衣服
or what they ate could be enough to leave a liar stuttering.
或者吃了什么，这些就足让一个撒谎者结巴。
Micro-expressions.
微表情。
This is another sign which is incredibly hard to spot.
这是另一个超难发现的迹象。
Research has shown that facial expressions linked with genuine emotions might only last a few milliseconds.
研究表明和真实情感相关的面部表情可能只持续几毫秒。
As a general rule, shorter expressions are usually real.
一般来说，较短的表情都是真实的。
Longer drawn-out expressions have a higher chance of being fake.
长时间的表情更有可能是假的。
A liar is essentially trying very hard to show everyone what they're feeling, as opposed to genuinely feeling these emotions.
说谎的人非常努力地想向大家展现自己的感受，而不是真正地感受这些情绪。
The problem is that these genuine micro expressions are very hard to spot.
问题在于真实的微表情非常难以发现。
Sometimes, they're impossible to even see because they're so quick.
有时甚至看不见它们，因为微表情一瞬而逝。
Blinking.
眨眼。
But there might be an easier way to spot what psychologists refer to as masked emotions.
但有个一种更简单的方法可以发现心理学家所说的面具情绪。
Just take note of how often someone is blinking.
注意一下这个人眨眼的频率。
Research has shown that frequent blinking is linked to masked emotions, a clear sign of lying.
研究表明频繁的眨眼和面具情绪相关，面具情绪是一个很明显的说话迹象。
Their facial expressions and their emotions don't match up.
他们的面部表情和情绪并不匹配。
This is something most of us aren't familiar with. Sometimes, people just give us a strange vibe.
这是我们大多数人都不熟悉的。有时人们只是给我们一种奇怪的感觉。
Often, this is because their emotions and facial expressions seem totally disconnected.
这通常是因为他们的情绪和面部表情似乎完全没有关系。
They might be smiling when their body language seems sad or vice versa.
他们可能是在笑，当他们的身体语言却很悲伤；反之亦然。
Studies have shown that this is a major red flag when it comes to lying.
研究表明当说谎方面，这是一个很重要的报警信号。
Play devil's advocate.
扮演魔鬼的代言人。
Now we're getting into expert territory. This might be hard to pull off but it's a great way to spot a liar.
现在我们要涉及专业领域。这可能很难做到，但这是发现说谎者的一个好方法。
Let's say someone says that they love roller coasters,
比如，有人说他们喜欢过山车，
but you have a sneaking suspicion that they're actually terrified of them,
但你怀疑他们其实很害怕过山车，
all you need to do is play devil's advocate.
你说需要做的就是扮演魔鬼的代言人。
Talk about how scary you think roller-coasters are and situations where you've been terrified,
告诉他们你觉得过山车有多恐怖，以及你曾经害怕过的情景
they'll probably agree with you on some level.
他们可能在某种程度上同意你的观点。
Now, all you need to do is compare that statement with what they initially said about loving roller-coasters.
现在你所需要做的就是将他们此时的话与他们之前说喜欢过山车的那些话作比较。
Which statement seems more genuine? The answer should be pretty obvious.
哪一句显得更加真实？答案应该相当明显了。
This is a technique which has been backed up by quite a few studies.
这一技巧得到了相当多研究的支持。
Tell us about your stories of when you caught a liar. What were some of the signs that made it obvious?
告诉我们你抓到说谎者的故事。有哪些明显的说谎迹象？
We hope this helps you in getting the truth out of people in the future.
我们希望这能帮助大家从人们口中辨别出真话。
What did you think of this video? Does it help you spot a liar?
大家觉得本期视频怎么样？能帮助你发现说谎者吗？
Comment below and tell us which of these tactics you use to catch a liar in the act.
请在下方评论并告知我们你在发现说谎者时所用到的策略。
