评论
打印
These social scientists studied a group of farmers and gave them IQ tests throughout the year.
社会科学家研究了一群农场主 并在全年对他们进行了IQ（智商）测试
Same farmers, same test.
同一群农场主 同样的测试
But what they found is that these farmers did much, much worse before they'd actually harvested crops.
但他们发现 在收割庄稼前 这些农场主的测试结果要差得多
When everything was starting to go towards empty, they actually had lower IQ scores.
如果这一年收成无望的话 他们的IQ分数会低一些
And then, when they tested them at a point when the harvest had come in, their IQs went up.
如果在庄稼收割完成后进行测试 他们的IQ分值会有所提升
And so then they were trying to figure out, how did the same person's IQ actually change throughout the year?
所以科学家们很纳闷儿 同一个人的IQ值为什么会在一年内变化不定呢？
And then they ran a similar test on Americans.
于是他们又对美国人做了同样的测试
And what they did is they asked people a bunch of IQ related questions and got baseline scores.
他们会问人们一堆与IQ相关的问题 获得一个基线分值
And then they said, hey, you now have a bill that you cannot pay.
然后科学家对人们说 嘿 现在你有一张无法偿还的账单
Just think about that.
想象一下
And then they gave them the same IQ test again.
然后再对人们进行同样的IQ测试
And low and behold, the Americans who were presented with a bill that they could not pay,
果不其然 即便只是一张空头支票
even though it was obviously a fictitious bill, actually had lower IQ scores.
但有无法偿还的账单的美国人的IQ值会更低
And it turns out that not being able to pay your bills has the functional equivalent
事实证明 没有能力偿还账单
of decreasing your IQ by 13 points, or one standard deviation.
会让你的IQ值降低13分 或降低一个标准偏差
And what they found is, there's a mindset of scarcity
科学家发现 人们有种匮乏心态
that's associated with when you don't have enough money, or you don't have enough time,
它是指你没有足够的金钱 没有足够的时间
or you don't have enough food, or if you don't have enough companionship.
或者没有足够的食物 又或者没有足够的陪伴
And it actually decreases your functional bandwidth.
这种心态会降低你的功能范围
It's different than stress.
它与压力不同
It actually makes you less reasonable, less rational, less generous,
它会让你不讲道理 失去理智 斤斤计较
and more subject to bad ideas and bad impulses,
让你更容易受不良想法和冲动的摆布
including even things like racism and xenophobia.
包括种族主义和仇外想法
Now, the opposite of a mindset of scarcity is a mindset of abundance, which is what most entrepreneurs have.
与匮乏心态相反的就是富足心态——多数企业家的想法
A mindset of abundance is a sense of optimism that if you build it, it will improve.
富足心态其实就是一种乐观主义 只要你拥有这种心态 事情就会好转
You will be able to get the resources, you will be able to get the customers, you will hire and find the right people.
你将会获得资源 得到客户 雇佣并找到合适的人
And, abundance and optimism ends up building unto itself and producing results if the environment is right.
只要条件合适 富足和乐观就会相辅相成 最终产生效益
And so, this scarcity mindset and abundance mindset are very much in opposition.
所以 这种匮乏心态和富足心态其实是完全相反的
And, we're programmed with a scarcity mindset in many ways, because genetically,
在很多方面 我们天生就具备匮乏心态 因为从遗传学角度来说
we're brought into an existence where things were scarce,
我们生来的这个世界本就资源短缺
where if you ate too much in a particular period, maybe you won't have enough to eat later.
如果你在某一时期吃太多 那未来可能就会饿肚子
And so, right now, this tension is something that humans and Americans struggle with all the time.
所以 这种紧张感是全人类和美国人一直在克服的东西
Unfortunately, right now, the scarcity mindset is going up and up in the United States,
不幸的是 现在 这种匮乏心态在美国越来越普遍
because people can't pay their bills.
因为人们都付不起自己的账单
78% of Americans are living paycheck to paycheck.
78%的美国人过着月光族的生活
57% can't afford an unexpected $500 bill.
57%的美国人无力承受500美元的额外开支
And so if there's a sense that the United States is getting less reasonable, less rational,
所以如果你觉得美国变得不讲道理 失去了理智
even more subject to bad ideas, and less open to other people,
甚至更容易接纳不良想法 比较排外
it's related to the fact that right now a mindset of scarcity has swept this country because of pervasive financial insecurity.
那是因为普遍存在的经济无保障现象让这种匮乏心态席卷全国
And that's one of the reasons why I'm so passionate about a Universal Basic Income, The Freedom Dividend,
因此我特别支持普遍的基本收入、自由红利这种东西
to help reverse this trend, get the boot off of people's throats,
可以帮助逆转这种趋势 拔掉卡在人们喉咙里的那根刺
and replace the mindset of scarcity with a mindset of abundance.
用富足心态替代匮乏心态
With a mindset of abundance, we would see untold new--
有了富足心态 我们会看到
hundreds and thousands of entrepreneurs, artists, creatives, founders,
成千上万的企业家、艺术家、创意家、创办者
starting new things and organizations and projects and companies around the country.
在全美各地兴建公司、项目和企业
Because what we need for that to happen, more than anything else, is a mindset of abundance
为了实现这一点 我们亟需的就是 这种富足心态
and people thinking that if they take the right moves into the future, they'll actually succeed.
让人们相信只要在未来采取正确的行动 他们就能马到成功
