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古埃及《死亡之书》 通往永生的指南

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Ani stands before a large golden scale

阿尼站在巨大的金色审判之秤前,
where the jackal-headed god Anubis is weighing his heart against a pure ostrich feather.
豺头人身神阿努比斯在称是阿尼的心脏重还是真理之羽重。
Ani was a real person, a scribe from the Egyptian city of Thebes who lived in the 13th century BCE.
阿尼确有其人,他是一名来自古埃及底比斯市的抄写员,生活在公元前13世纪。
And depicted here is a scene from his Book of the Dead,
这是他的《亡灵书》中的一幅场景,
a 78-foot papyrus scroll designed to help him attain immortality.
《亡灵书》是一幅将近78英尺长的莎草纸,旨在帮他获得永生。
Such funerary texts were originally written only for Pharaohs, but with time,
最开始,这种葬礼卷轴只为法老而作,不过渐渐的,
the Egyptians came to believe regular people could also reach the afterlife if they succeeded in the passage.
埃及人开始相信,如果成功地走过那条过道,凡人也能拥有后世。
Ani's epic journey begins with his death.
阿尼那漫长而艰难地旅途从他的死亡开始。
His body is mummified by a team of priests who remove every organ except the heart,
一群祭祀取出了他除了心脏以外的所有器官,把他制成了木乃伊,
the seat of emotion, memory, and intelligence.
心脏是安放情感、记忆和智力的地方。
It's then stuffed with a salt called natron and wrapped in resin-soaked linen.
接着他的身体被填满了泡碱,并被树脂泡过的亚麻布包了起来。
In addition, the wrappings are woven with charms for protection
除此之外,这些布还被施了保护的咒语,
and topped with a heart scarab amulet that will prove important later on.
并且还放置了圣甲虫护身符,这个护身符在稍后起了大作用。
The goal of the two-month process is to preserve Ani's body as an ideal form with which his spirit can eventually reunite.
两个月的制作过程是为了让阿尼的身体处在理想状态,这样他的灵魂可以最终与肉身团聚。
But first, that spirit must pass through the duat, or underworld.
不过一开始,灵魂必须要通过死亡之域,或者称为“阴间”。
This is a realm of vast caverns, lakes of fire, and magical gates, all guarded by fearsome beasts
这是一个充满着巨大的洞穴、火海以及魔力之门的领域,由骇人的野兽把守,
snakes, crocodiles, and half-human monstrosities with names like 'he who dances in blood.'
有蛇、鳄鱼和被称为“血海狂舞者”的半兽人等等。
To make things worse, Apep, the serpent god of destruction, lurks in the shadows waiting to swallow Ani's soul.
雪上加霜的是,那条蛇,阿佩普,“毁灭之神”,会潜伏在阴影之中,随时准备着吞噬阿尼的灵魂。
Fortunately, Ani is prepared with the magic contained within his book of the dead.
所幸,阿尼有备而来,他带着有魔法的《亡灵书》。
Like other Egyptians who could afford it,
就像当时能买得起亡灵书的其他埃及人,
Ani customized his scroll to include the particular spells, prayers, and codes he thought his spirit might need.
阿尼定制了他的私人《亡灵书》,里面写有他觉得有用的咒语、祷词和法典。

古埃及《死亡之书》 通往永生的指南

Equipped with this arsenal, our hero traverses the obstacles, repels the monsters' acts,

有了这样的“武器库”,我们的英雄穿过重重障碍,击退了怪物的袭击,
and stealthily avoids Apep to reach the Hall of Ma'at, goddess of truth and justice.
小心翼翼的躲过了阿佩普,终于来到了正义与真理女神玛亚特的大厅。
Here, Ani faces his final challenge.
在这里,阿尼迎来了他最终的挑战。
He is judged by 42 assessor gods who must be convinced that he has lived a righteous life.
他要让42名评估神信服,他有着光明磊落的一生。
Ani approaches each one, addressing them by name, and declaring a sin he has not committed.
阿尼走近每一位神,说出自己的名字和自己从没犯过的一项罪名。
Among these negative confessions, or declarations of innocence,
在这些忏悔或是澄清中,
he proclaims that he has not made anyone cry, is not an eavesdropper, and has not polluted the water.
他宣称自己从没把人弄哭过,不是个会偷听别人讲话的人,也从来没有污染过水。
But did Ani really live such a perfect life?
可是,阿尼真的有着这样完美的一生吗?
Not quite, but that's where the heart scarab amulet comes in.
并不是,不过这是圣甲虫护身符起作用的时候。
It's inscribed with the words,'Do not stand as a witness against me,' precisely so Ani's heart doesn't betray him
护身符里写着:“别与我这个见证者为敌。”这会让阿尼的心脏不背叛他,
by recalling the time he listened to his neighbors fight or washed his feet in the Nile.
让阿尼想起他偷听邻居吵架或在尼罗河中洗脚的往事。
Now, it's Ani's moment of truth, the weighing of the heart.
现在是对阿尼之语的审判时刻了,心脏之秤。
If his heart is heavier than the feather, weighed down by Ani's wrongdoings,
如果他的心脏比真理之羽要重,因为阿尼做的坏事,
it'll be devoured by the monstrous Ammit, part crocodile, part leopard, part hippopotamus,
它会被阿米特,一只鳄鱼头豹身河马尾的怪物吞噬,
and Ani will cease to exist forever.
而阿尼则会永远消失。
But Ani is in luck. His heart is judged pure.
但阿尼是幸运的。他的心脏,经过审判,是纯净的。
Ra, the sun god, takes him to Osiris, god of the underworld, who gives him final approval to enter the afterlife.
太阳神,拉,将他带往冥界之王奥西里斯处,会给他最后的批准,进入永生世界。
In the endless and lush field of reeds, Ani meets his deceased parents.
在无尽的、繁茂的芦苇田里,阿尼见到了他已逝的父母。
Here, there is no sadness, pain, or anger, but there is work to be done.
这里没有伤心、痛苦或是愤怒,但是这并不是阿尼旅程的终点。
Like everyone else, Ani must cultivate a plot of land,
像别人一样,阿尼必须开垦一块土地,
which he does with the help of a Shabti doll that had been placed in his tomb.
被放在他墓中的舍波提娃娃会帮他一起开垦土地。
Today, the Papyrus of Ani resides in the British Museum, where it has been since 1888.
现在,《阿尼的莎草纸》在大英博物馆展览,从1888年起就一直在那。
Only Ani, if anyone, knows what really happened after his death.
只有阿尼真正知道他死后经历的一切。
But thanks to his Book of the Dead, we can imagine him happily tending his crops for all eternity.
但是多亏了他的《亡灵书》,我们可以想象他开心地在永生世界中照料他的庄稼了。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
intelligence [in'telidʒəns]

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n. 理解力,智力
n. 情报,情报工作,情报

联想记忆
lush [lʌʃ]

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adj. 苍翠繁茂的,多青草的,丰富的 n. 酒,酒鬼

 
ostrich ['ɔstritʃ]

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n. 驼鸟

 
cease [si:s]

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v. 停止,终止
n. 停止

 
convinced [kən'vinst]

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adj. 信服的

 
addition [ə'diʃən]

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n. 增加,附加物,加法

联想记忆
destruction [di'strʌkʃən]

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n. 破坏,毁灭,破坏者

联想记忆
eventually [i'ventjuəli]

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adv. 终于,最后

 
negative ['negətiv]

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adj. 否定的,负的,消极的
n. 底片,负

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arsenal ['ɑ:sənl]

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n. 兵工厂,军械库,储藏 Arsenal n. 阿森纳

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