手机APP下载

您现在的位置: 首页 > 英语听力 > 英语演讲 > TED演讲视频 > 正文

你所需要了解的人脸监控技术

来源:可可英语 编辑:max   可可英语APP下载 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet

How many of you have ever heard someone say privacy is dead? Raise your hand.

你们多少人曾听别人说过隐私已死?请举个手。
How many of you have heard someone say they don't care about their privacy because they don't have anything to hide? Go on.
你们多少人曾听别人说过他们不在乎他们的隐私,因为他们认为自己没什么好隐藏?继续举手。
Now, how many of you use any kind of encryption software? Raise your hand.
现在,你们多少人使用过任何一种加密软件?请举手。
Or a password to protect an online account? Or curtains or blinds on your windows at home?
或者用密码来保护网络账号?或者在家用窗帘或百叶窗来遮挡你们的窗户?
OK, so that's everyone, I think.
好了,我想所有人都举过手了。
So why do you do these things? My guess is, it's because you care about your privacy.
那你们为什么会那样做呢?我猜是因为你们在乎自己的隐私。
The idea that privacy is dead is a myth.
隐私已死这个想法是个错误的。
The idea that people don't care about their privacy because "they have nothing to hide" or they've done nothing wrong is also a myth.
人们觉得不在乎自己的隐私是因为“他们没有什么好隐藏”的想法,或者是他们没做错什么事,这些想法也是错误的看法。
I'm guessing that you would not want to publicly share on the internet, for the world to see, all of your medical records.
我猜你们是不会想要把自己的信息公开分享到网上让全世界看到,比如所有你们自己的医疗报告。
Or your search histories from your phone or your computer.
或是你们手机或电脑上的浏览记录。
And I bet that if the government wanted to put a chip in your brain
而且我敢说,如果政府想要在你的大脑里嵌入一个芯片
to transmit every one of your thoughts to a centralized government computer, you would balk at that.
来将你的每一个想法都传输到政府控制的电脑,你一定会迟疑。
That's because you care about your privacy, like every human being. So, our world has changed fast.
那是因为你和所有人一样在乎自己的隐私。所以,我们的世界变化很快。
And today, there is understandably a lot of confusion about what privacy is and why it matters.
目前,可以理解大家都对隐私是什么,以及隐私为何重要感到困惑。
Privacy is not secrecy. It's control. I share information with my doctor about my body and my health,
隐私不是秘密,它是控制。我跟我的医生分享关于我的身体和健康的信息,
expecting that she is not going to turn around and share that information with my parents, or my boss or my kids.
并期望她不会转身将这些信息分享给我的爸妈,或者我的老板,我的孩子。
That information is private, not secret. I'm in control over how that information is shared.
那些信息是私人的,不是秘密。我需要能控制这些信息以及用何种方式分享出去。
You've probably heard people say that there's a fundamental tension between privacy on the one hand and safety on the other.
大家或许听别人说过,隐私和安全之间存在着一种根本上的紧张关系。
But the technologies that advance our privacy also advance our safety.
但是科技在保护我们隐私的同时也在保护了我们的安全。
Think about fences, door locks, curtains on our windows, passwords, encryption software.
想想围栏、门锁、我们的窗帘、密码,加密软件。
All of these technologies simultaneously protect our privacy and our safety.
所有这些技术都在同时保护我们的隐私和我们的安全。
Dragnet surveillance, on the other hand, protects neither.
而天网似的监控,则两者都无法保护。
In recent years, the federal government tasked a group of experts called The Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board
近年来,联邦政府要求一群专家组成隐私和公民自由监督委员会,
with examining post-9/11 government surveillance programs, dragnet surveillance programs.
来审查911事件后实行的政府监控计划项目,拖网监控计划。
Those experts could not find a single example of that dragnet surveillance advancing any safety
这些专家不能找到任何一个例子证明拖网监控计划可以加强安全,
didn't identify or stop a single terrorist attack.
它不能发现或者阻止一起恐怖袭击。
You know what that information was useful for, though? Helping NSA employees spy on their romantic interests.
然而你知道这些信息可以用在哪里吗?可以帮助NSA的职员们暗中监视他们喜欢的对象。
Another example is closer to home.
另一个例子更贴近生活。
So millions of people across the United States and the world are adopting so-called "smart home" devices,
全美国和全世界,成千上万的人们都在使用所谓的“智能居家”设备,
like internet-connected surveillance cameras.
像联网的监控摄像头。
But we know that any technology connected to the internet can be hacked.
但是我们知道任何技术只要连上网都可以被入侵。
And so if a hacker gets into your internet-connected surveillance camera at home,
所以如果一个黑客侵入你在家里的联网监控摄像头,
they can watch you and your family coming and going, finding just the right time to strike.
他们就可以监看你和你的家人的一举一动,找到合适的时间来闯入你的家门。
You know what can't be hacked remotely? Curtains. Fences. Door locks.
你知道什么不能被远程入侵吗?窗帘。围栏。门锁。
Privacy is not the enemy of safety. It is its guarantor.
隐私不是安全的敌人,它是安全的保障。
Nonetheless, we daily face a propaganda onslaught telling us that we have to give up some privacy in exchange for safety through surveillance programs.
然而,我们每天都在受到因为政府监控计划必须得放弃一部分的隐私来换取安全的宣传轰炸。
Face surveillance is the most dangerous of these technologies.
脸部监控是其中最危险的一项技术。
There are two primary ways today governments use technologies like this.
如今政府用这些类似的技术主要有两大用处。
One is face recognition. That's to identify someone in an image.
一个是人脸识别,那是通过图像来识别某人。
The second is face surveillance, which can be used in concert with surveillance-camera networks and databases
第二个是人脸监控,会用在音乐会现场搭配监控摄像头的网络平台和数据库,
to create records of all people's public movements, habits and associations, effectively creating a digital panopticon.
来记录所有人们在公共场合的举动、习惯和人际关系,有效地创造了一个数字化的环形监狱。
This is a panopticon. It's a prison designed to allow a few guards in the center to monitor everything happening in the cells around the perimeter.
这就是个环形监狱。设计这种监狱的目的就是为了用较少的狱警从中心就能监控四周的牢房里所发生的一切。
The people in those prison cells can't see inside the guard tower, but the guards can see into every inch of those cells.
在监狱牢房里的人们看不见牢塔的内部,但是狱警却可以看清牢房里的每个角落。
The idea here is that if the people in those prison cells know they're being watched all the time, or could be, they'll behave accordingly.
我这里的想法是,如果在这些监狱牢房里的人们知道他们时时刻刻受到监视,或者是可能受到监视,他们将会表现出相应的行为。
Similarly, face surveillance enables a centralized authority -- in this case, the state
同样地,人脸监控让有集中权的机构--这个例子里就是州政府,
to monitor the totality of human movement and association in public space.
能监控所有人在公共场所的一举一动与人际关系。
And here's what it looks like in real life. In this case, it's not a guard in a tower, but rather a police analyst in a spy center.
在现实生活中看起来就是这个样子。这个例子里,塔内有的不是狱警,而是间谍中心的警方分析员。
The prison expands beyond its walls, encompassing everyone, everywhere, all the time.
这个监狱延伸到了围墙之外,困扰着所有人,在任何地方、任何时候。
In a free society, this should terrify us all.
在一个自由的社会,这理应让我们所有人惊恐。
For decades now, we've watched cop shows that push a narrative that says technologies like face surveillance ultimately serve the public good.
几十年来,我们所看的警匪剧主打的故事线,是关于像人脸监控这样的技术最终都是对社会有益的。
But real life is not a cop drama.
但是现实生活不是一部警匪剧。
The bad guy didn't always do it, the cops definitely aren't always the good guys and the technology doesn't always work.
坏人并不总是在做坏事,警察也不一定都是好人,而且科技不一定一直有效工作。
Take the case of Steve Talley, a financial analyst from Colorado.
就拿斯蒂芬·泰利的例子来说,他是一位来自科罗拉多州的财经分析师。
In 2015, Talley was arrested, and he was charged with bank robbery on the basis of an error in a facial recognition system.
在2015年,泰利被逮捕并被控诉涉嫌银行抢劫案,指控的根据是人脸识别系统的故障。
Talley fought that case and he eventually was cleared of those charges,
泰利驳回了此案,并最终洗清了一切罪名,
but while he was being persecuted by the state, he lost his house, his job and his kids.
但是在他被州政府追查的过程中,他失去了他的房子、工作和孩子们。
Steve Talley's case is an example of what can happen when the technology fails.
斯蒂芬·泰利的案例是当科技故障时带来后果一个例子。
But face surveillance is just as dangerous when it works as advertized.
但是人脸监控若能如宣传一样运作,那么它的危险性非同小可。
Just consider how trivial it would be for a government agency
想想看政府会多么轻易
to put a surveillance camera outside a building where people meet for Alcoholics Anonymous meetings.
就能把一个监控摄像头安装在举办嗜酒者互戒协会的建筑外面。
They could connect that camera to a face-surveillance algorithm and a database,
他们可以将摄像头和人监控里的程序算法以及数据库连接,
press a button and sit back and collect a record of every person receiving treatment for alcoholism.
按一个键,然后坐等收集每个来接受戒酒治疗的人们的记录。

你所需要了解的人脸监控技术

It would be just as easy for a government agency to use this technology

政府部门也可以很容易地使用这项技术,
to automatically identify every person who attended the Women's March or a Black Lives Matter protest.
来自动识别每一位曾参加过女权运动,或者“黑人的命也是命”的游行。
Even the technology industry is aware of the gravity of this problem.
甚至科技行业也意识到这个问题的严重性。
Microsoft's president Brad Smith has called on Congress to intervene.
微软主席布拉德·史密斯曾呼吁国会去干预。
Google, for its part, has publicly declined to ship a face surveillance product,
至于谷歌,也公开拒绝推出人脸监控的技术产品,
in part because of these grave human and civil rights concerns. And that's a good thing.
一部分是出于对人权和公民权利的担忧。这是件好事。
Because ultimately, protecting our open society is much more important than corporate profit.
因为最终来说,保护我们开放的社会远比企业利益重要得多。
The ACLU's nationwide campaign to get the government to pump the brakes on the adoption of this dangerous technology
美国公民自由权协会的全国性活动,促使政府终止使用这项危险的技术,
has prompted reasonable questions from thoughtful people.
该活动已经让许多深思熟虑的人们提出很多合理的质疑。
What makes this technology in particular so dangerous?
什么使得这项技术变得如此的危险呢?
Why can't we just regulate it? In short, why the alarm?
为什么我们不能立法约束它呢?简而言之,为什么弄得人心惶惶?
Face surveillance is uniquely dangerous for two related reasons.
人脸监控格外的危险有以下两个相关的原因。
One is the nature of the technology itself.
一个是这技术本身的自然属性。
And the second is that our system fundamentally lacks the oversight and accountability mechanisms
第二个是我们的体制从根本上缺乏监管和可靠性的机制,
that would be necessary to ensure it would not be abused in the government's hands.
有这些机制才能保证它不会被政府滥用。
First, face surveillance enables a totalizing form of surveillance never before possible.
首先,人脸监控使得全方位的监控成为可能,这是前所未有的。
Every single person's every visit to a friend's house,
每个人每次拜访朋友家、
a government office, a house of worship, a Planned Parenthood, a cannabis shop, a strip club;
政府部门、教堂、计划生育协会、大麻店、脱衣舞俱乐部;
every single person's public movements, habits and associations documented and catalogued,
每个人在公共场合的行动、习惯和人际关系都会被记录和分类,
not on one day, but on every day, merely with the push of a button.
不是一天,而是每天,仅仅因一个按钮的触动。
This kind of totalizing mass surveillance fundamentally threatens what it means to live in a free society.
这种全方位大规模的监督从根本上危及在一个自由社会生活的意义。
Our freedom of speech, freedom of association, freedom of religion, freedom of the press, our privacy, our right to be left alone.
我们的言论自由,人际交往的自由,宗教信仰自由,新闻媒体自由,我们的隐私,我们独处的权利。
You may be thinking, "OK, come on, but there are tons of ways the government can spy on us."
你或许在想,“好吧,但是政府有千万种方法来监视我们。”
And yes, it's true, the government can track us through our cell phones,
是的,这是真的,政府可以通过我们的手机来追踪我们,
but if I want to go to get an abortion, or attend a political meeting, or even just call in sick and play hooky and go to the beach...
但如果我想去堕胎,或者是参加一政治会议,或者打电话请病假,然后逃学去海滩玩...
I can leave my phone at home. I cannot leave my face at home.
我可以把我的手机放在家里,但我不能把我的脸放置在家里。
And that brings me to my second primary concern: How we might meaningfully regulate this technology.
而这引起了我的第二个担忧:我们要如何有效地系统规范这项技术。
Today, if the government wants to know where I was last week, they can't just hop into a time machine and go back in time and follow me.
今天,如果我们的政府想要知道上周我在哪,他们不能坐上时间穿梭机倒回之前的时空来跟踪我。
And they also, the local police right now, don't maintain any centralized system of tracking,
而如今的地方警察,他们也没有任何集中式的追踪系统,
where they're cataloging every person's public movements all the time, just in case that information some day becomes useful.
能够随时记录分析每个人的公共行为,以防有一天这些信息变得有用。
Today, if the government wants to know where I was last week, or last month or last year,
今天,如果政府想要知道我上周在哪,或者上个月,去年,
they have to go to a judge, get a warrant and then serve that warrant on my phone company,
他们必须得拜访法官,获得搜查令然后拿着搜查令来到我的手机运营公司,
which by the way, has a financial interest in protecting my privacy.
顺别说一句,那手机公司有财务权益来保护我的隐私。
With face surveillance, no such limitations exist.
而人脸监控,就没有这些限制了。
This is technology that is 100 percent controlled by the government itself.
这是一项百分之百由政府自主控制的技术。
So how would a warrant requirement work in this context?
所以在这情况下,在要搜查令的时候会变成什么样呢?
Is the government going to go to a judge and get a warrant, and then serve the warrant on themselves?
政府部门会向法官获得搜查令,然后把搜查令交给他们自己吗?
That would be like me giving you my diary, and saying, "Here, you can hold on to this forever, but you can't read it until I say it's OK."
这就好比说我把我的日记本给你,说:“这儿,你可以永远拿着它,但你得等到我同意才可以阅读它。”
So what can we do? The only answer to the threat posed by the government's use of face surveillance
那我们可以做什么呢?对政府使用人脸监控所带来的威胁的唯一答复,
is to deny the government the capacity to violate the public's trust,
是否认政府有权来入侵破坏公众的信任,
by denying the government the ability to build these in-house face-surveillance networks.
通过拒绝给予政府权力来建立这些室内脸部监控网络。
And that's exactly what we're doing.
这正是我们现在在做的事情。
The ACLU is part of a nationwide campaign to pump the brakes on the government's use of this dangerous technology.
美国公民自由权协会是全国性活动的一份子,以此来阻止政府使用这项危险的技术。
We've already been successful, from San Francisco to Somerville, Massachusetts,
我们已取得一些胜利,从旧金山到马萨诸塞州萨默维尔市,
we have passed municipal bans on the government's use of this technology.
我们已经通过市政府对政府使用这项技术的禁令。
And plenty of other communities here in Massachusetts and across the country are debating similar measures.
还有很多在马萨诸塞州以及全国各地的其他社区都在讨论类似的措施。
Some people have told me that this movement is bound to fail.
有些人对我说这个运动注定会失败。
That ultimately, merely because the technology exists, it will be deployed in every context by every government everywhere.
最终,他们说仅仅因为这项技术的存在,它就会被各地政府部门应用到各种情况中去。
Privacy is dead, right? So the narrative goes.
隐私已死,对吗?至少这个说法是如此。
Well, I refuse to accept that narrative. And you should, too.
而我拒绝接受这一说法。大家也应该拒绝它。
We can't allow Jeff Bezos or the FBI to determine the boundaries of our freedoms in the 21st century.
我们不能让杰夫·贝索斯或联邦调查局来决定21世纪我们的自由的界限。
If we live in a democracy, we are in the driver's seat, shaping our collective future.
如果我们生活在民主社会,我们就是驾驶员,来引领我们共同的未来。
We are at a fork in the road right now. We can either continue with business as usual,
我们现在正处于一个岔路口。我们可以像往常一样地工作,
allowing governments to adopt and deploy these technologies unchecked, in our communities, our streets and our schools,
允许政府使用这些未核查的技术,部署在我们生活的社区里、街道上、学校中,
or we can take bold action now to press pause on the government's use of face surveillance,
或者我们现在就可以大胆行动起来,按下暂停,阻止政府使用人脸监控,
protect our privacy and to build a safer, freer future for all of us. Thank you.
保护我们的隐私,并为所有人创造一个更加安全、自由的未来。谢谢。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
balk [bɔ:k]

想一想再看

v. 阻止,突然停止,退缩,拒绝 n. 障碍,错误,失败

联想记忆
corporate ['kɔ:pərit]

想一想再看

adj. 社团的,法人的,共同的,全体的

联想记忆
authority [ə'θɔ:riti]

想一想再看

n. 权力,权威,职权,官方,当局

 
collective [kə'lektiv]

想一想再看

adj. 集体的,共同的
n. 集体

联想记忆
nonetheless [.nʌnðə'les]

想一想再看

adv. 尽管如此(仍然)

 
context ['kɔntekst]

想一想再看

n. 上下文,环境,背景

联想记忆
protect [prə'tekt]

想一想再看

vt. 保护,投保

联想记忆
totality [təu'tæliti]

想一想再看

n. 全部,总数

 
movement ['mu:vmənt]

想一想再看

n. 活动,运动,移动,[音]乐章

联想记忆
bold [bəuld]

想一想再看

adj. 大胆的,粗体的,醒目的,无礼的,陡峭的

 

发布评论我来说2句

    最新文章

    可可英语官方微信(微信号:ikekenet)

    每天向大家推送短小精悍的英语学习资料.

    添加方式1.扫描上方可可官方微信二维码。
    添加方式2.搜索微信号ikekenet添加即可。