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"Though there are several reasons for the high-crime rate in the inner cities,
比如，你可以说“虽然市中心的犯罪率高有多个方面的原因，
the, this particular situation seems to be the most pertinent",
但这种情况相关性似乎最高”，
or "the most obvious", or "the most common".
“最明显”，或者“最普遍的”。
As soon as you say that, I understand that this is what you're going to be talking about, Right?
你这么一写，我就知道这就是你要阐述的内容了。
"There are several reasons, but this is the most important one.”
“……有多个方面的原因，但这是最重要的一个.”
It doesn't mean I think so, it's obvious, it's clear.
这并不意味着我就是这么认为的，只不过，这是最明显，最显然的原因。
"Here, I'm going to give you some information or some reasons to support this observation.”
“接下来，我会给出一些信息或一些理由来佐证这一观察.”
Not opinion, observation.
注意，不是看法，是观察。
Body paragraph one, reason one; body paragraph two, reason two.
正文第一段写你的理由一；正文第二段写你的理由二。
Body paragraph one, advantage one; body paragraph two, disadvantage one.
正文第一段写优点一；正文第二段写缺点一。
Benefit, drawback, compare, contrast. Okay?
一段好处，一段缺点，这样比较，对比起来写，大家知道了吗？
All of these things are very straightforward.
这样写就比较直接明了。
Paragraph one, one thing; paragraph two, the second thing;
第一段写一件事；第二段写另一件事；
conclusion, therefore all of these things support the idea
然后是结论，这样，所有的阐述都能支持你要支持的那个观点，
that this is the more important aspect, or reason, or whatever you're discussing.
表明这才是更重要的方面，原因，或你正在讨论的任何问题。
Now, these are not templates.
注意了，我讲的这些并不是模板。
Don't think of this as a template.
大家请不要把它们当做模板。
Don't do this every time you have an essay about...that's not an opinion. Okay?
大家可不要每篇作文，每篇不是询问看法的作文都这么写啊。
Sometimes you'll have to do it in different ways. Okay?
有的时候大家必须要换种写法，好吗？
Compare, contrast.
比较，对比。
You can compare and contrast one aspect in body paragraph two,
大家可以在正文第二段比较或对比某一个方面，
you can compare and contrast another aspect in body paragraph two.
然后在正文第二段比较或对比另一个方面。
Paragraph one, paragraph two.
第一段，第二段。
You can do both and both, you can do one and one.
你可以一次对比两个方面，也可以一次对比一个方面。
Lots of ways to do it.
具体做法很多的。
The main thing is: Don't give an opinion,
重要的是：不要写你自己的看法，
make sure the reader understands the objective of the essay,
确保读者能明白你这篇作文的目的，
and then organize your ideas in a very clear way to support that.
以清晰的方式组织你的想法来佐证你要阐述的点。
Give your opinion, make sure that the reader understands why you have this opinion,
写你自己的观点的时候，要确保读者能明白你为什么会有这样的看法，
and that they believe that you believe this opinion. Okay?
确保他们认为你认为这种观点是正确的。好吗？
We're going to look a little bit at the hybrid ones because they're a little bit different.
接下来我们还要再来讲讲混合型的作文，因为这种类型的比较不一样一点。
Lots of ways to approach it.
这种作文的写法有很多。
Let's look at some ideas.
今天我们就讲几个例子吧。
Okay, let's look at the last one, the hybrid.
好的，接下来我们来看最后一种，混合型作文。
"Discuss both opinions or discuss both things, and give your own opinion". Right?
比如，题目说的是“讨论上述两种看法，或两个东西，然后给出你自己的看法。”
So, now, what you have to do, you have to, in your thesis, in your introduction,
这个时候你要做的，你要做的就是，在你的作文里，在你作文的开头部分，
you have to make it clear to me that there are two sides and that you choose one over the other.
你就必须清楚地给我阐明有两个面，你选择的是其中的某一个面而不是另一个面。
So, actually I'm going to...
我来……
"There are pros and cons to wearing uniforms in school.”
比如“在学校里穿校服有利有弊。”
If the essay is: "Should students wear uniforms in school?"
如果作文题目是：“学生在学校应该穿校服吗？”
So: "There are pros and cons to wearing a uniform,
那你就可以写““穿校服有利有弊，
though I believe that students should wear them every day.”
不过我认为学生应该每天都穿校服。”
Okay, just as an example.
这只是个例子啊。
So as soon as you tell me there are pros and cons,
一旦你写了有利有弊，
remember you put it in the introduction.
那就记得把它们写到作文开头部分。
As a reader I'm expecting to see the pros and cons in the body. Right?
作为一名读者，我就会期待在正文部分看到你对利弊的阐述，对吧？
That's why you put it here.
正因为这样，你才要在开头就提到这点。
So that is your discuss aspect: "discuss both", because pros, cons, both sides.
这就是大家要讨论的方面：“两个方面都要讨论”，因为有正反两个方面嘛对吧。
Now, as soon as you believe one over the other,
好的，一旦你认为一面比另一面好，
then you're giving me your opinion. Okay?
这就等于你已经给出了你的看法了对吧？
Very straightforward.
非常直截了当的写法。
Now, how are you going to split up your ideas?
那么，你要怎么把它们拆分开来呢？
Body paragraph one, discuss both things.
正文第一段，对两个方面都加以讨论。
Discuss the pros, discuss the cons, obviously very briefly.
利弊都讨论，显然，这部分要写得非常简短。
These are short essays, you don't need to give me that much information.
这些都是小作文，所以大家不用给出很多信息。
Give me one pro, give me one con,
只要给我一个利，一个弊，
but right away start to lean to the one you're choosing. Right?
接下来马上就要将重点向你选择的那一方倾斜。好吗？
If you're believing that there are more pros than cons,
如果你认为利大于弊，
that students should wear uniforms,
认为学生应该穿校服，
make sure that the last sentence or the last couple of sentences give me, as the reader,
那就请一定在最后一句话或最后几句话给我，给作为读者的我一个暗示，
a hint that that's what you're choosing.
暗示你的选择是这样。
And then in body paragraph two fully support that choice
然后，在正文第二段全方位地支持你的选择，
and make maybe one or two mentions to the other side.
也可以稍微用一两句提一提另一个方面。
Don't spend too much time going back to the other side,
不要花太多时间阐述另一面，
just make a very short mention about the other side.
只要简单地提一提就可以了。
So: "Students who are forced to wear uniforms don't have to make decisions every morning,
比如，你可以说“被强制穿校服的学生不用每天早上都想一想今天穿什么，
although some people say that making decisions is good for a child's development.
尽管有些人认为做决定对孩子的发展有好处。
But not having to make the choices helps them spend more time concentrating on school.”
但不用做选择的话，学生们就可以把更多的时间集中在学习上。”
So, I mention the other side,
看见没，另一面我也提到了，
and then quickly I come back to the side I'm choosing and I continue to support my choice.
但我很快就回到了我支持的这一边，继续支持我的选择。
And then in the conclusion, again:
然后是结论，重申一遍：
"There are benefits and drawbacks, but I believe that.”
“……有利有弊，但我认为……”
Actually don't say: "I believe".
其实，大家不能这么写，不能用“我认为……”
"There are benefits and drawbacks,
大家可以说“有利有弊，
but it's clear that wearing uniforms help the students more.” Okay?
但很明显，穿校服对学生的帮助更大。”大家明白了吗？
Again, very different ways to do this,
再说一次，回答的角度多种多样。
very, a lot of different approaches to these types of questions,
这些问题有很多种不同的回答方式，
but keep in mind there's no template.
大家要记住的就是：没有模板。
Figure out exactly what you need to do and make sure that you do it.
想清楚你需要写什么，确保要写的你都写到了。
If you need to give an opinion, give it;
需要给出你的看法，那就给；
if you need to not give one, don't give one;
需要不给观点，那就不给；
if you need to discuss and give one, do both. Okay?
需要讨论并给观点，那就来两个任务都要完成，大家记住了吗？
Especially be careful with the two-part questions.
大家尤其要小心有两个问题的作文。
Sometimes it'll be two questions that don't ask for an opinion,
有的时候，两个问题都没有要求你给出看法，
sometimes it'll be one question for description, one question for an opinion.
有的时候两个问题一个是要你描述，一个是要你给出自己的看法。
Is it non-opinion or is it a hybrid?
所以，究竟是不问看法的题型还是混合型作文，
Be very careful about that.
这个问题大家一定要非常小心。
There is a quiz on www.engvid.com where I make sure you guys understood all this stuff.
我们engvid网站上还有这节课的随堂小测验，确保大家掌握了今天的所有内容。
Like the video if you liked it, please.
如果你喜欢这个视频，那就麻烦给我点个赞。
And if you have any questions, please go to www.engvid.com,
如果你有任何问题，请访问www.engvid.com，
there's a forum there, you can ask any questions you like.
上面有一个论坛，你可以问任何你想问的问题。
And subscribe to my channel.
建议大家顺便订阅一下我的频道。
And hopefully I'll come back soon with more good lessons to help you with your IELTS.
希望我能很快带更多好的课程回来帮助大家学习雅思。
See you then.
那我们就回头见啦。
Bye-bye.
拜拜-拜拜。
