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Hello. My name is Emma, and in today's video,
同学们好，我叫Emma，今天这节课，
I am going to teach you some great expressions and some great things you can say about food.
我们要讲的是讨论食物的时候大家可以套用的一些非常棒的表达和词汇。
Now, this video will be very, very helpful if you are taking the IELTS,
如果你马上要考雅思的话，那你今天就算捡到宝了，
because they often ask you about food in the speaking section,
因为雅思的口语考试经常都会考食物这个话题，
and same with if you're doing the TOEFL,
如果你在准备托福考试也一样，
because oftentimes there is a question on food; not always, but often.
因为托福考试也经常考到有关食物的问题，虽然不是每次都会考，但也挺经常考的。
Also, just this video can benefit everybody,
今天这节课其实是谁听谁受益的，
because food is something a lot of people talk about,
因为就算在日常生活中，人们也经常聊到食物，
and so these expressions are very good to use in everyday situations.
所以，这些表达也是非常实用的。
All right, so let's get started.
废话不多说，那我们就开始吧。
I have, here, a question.
我已经在这里列出了一个问题。
This question comes up a lot on IELTS, sometimes on TOEFL, and in everyday life.
这个问题在雅思考试中经常出现，有时托福考试也会出现，日常生活中也不例外。
The question is: "What kind of food do you like?
这个问题就是：“你喜欢吃什么？”
And what kind of food do you dislike or not like?"
不喜欢吃什么？”
So I've written here some key expressions you can use to.
我已经在这边给大家列出了可供大家实用的一些关键表达了。
Which mean "like" and "dislike".
一栏是跟“喜欢”相关的，一栏是跟“不喜欢”相关的。
Now, for IELTS and TOEFL people,
其实啊，就考雅思或托福的同学而言，
you really want to show off your vocabulary,
考试就是让你展示你的词汇量，
so these are some great ways to do that.
这些表达就能很好地帮你做到这一点。
All right, so let's look at some of these.
我们不妨先来看几个。
The first one: "I really like..."
第一个：“我特别喜欢……”
This is better than just saying: "I like", because you're actually, you know, giving an amount.
这个表达就比简简单单的“我喜欢”要好，因为相当于你给出了一个喜欢的程度。
"I really like something."
“我真的很喜欢某个东西。”
So, for me: What kind of food do you like?
就拿我来说吧：我喜欢什么食物？
I like Korean food, so I can say: "I really like bibimbap.",
我喜欢韩国菜，那我就可以说：“我特别喜欢拌饭。”
"I enjoy bibimbap.",
“我很享受拌饭。”
"My favourite dish is bibimbap."
“我最喜欢的料理（dish）就是拌饭。”
"Dish" is similar to food, but it's not...
“料理”其实跟食物差不多，只不过我们不会……
We wouldn't use it for talking about apples or oranges.
我们不会用它来说苹果、橙子这类食物。
We use it for talking about a cooked meal.
我们用它来指代烹饪过的食物。
Okay? So a "dish" means something that is a meal.
也就是说，“料理”就等于一顿饭。
So: "My favourite dish is spaghetti.",
打个比方：“我最喜欢的料理是意大利面。”
"I'm keen on pizza."
“我特别喜欢披萨。”
And here, be careful with this part: "on".
这句话我们要特别留意这个“on”。
"I'm keen on pizza."
“我特别喜欢披萨。”
Okay, for these two, if you're comparing two foods, you can use these two expressions.
好的，如果是两种食物，你要对它们做一个比较的话，那你可以用这两种说法。
So, for example: "I prefer bibimbap to sushi.
比如：“比起寿司，我更喜欢拌饭。
I prefer lasagna to pizza."
比起披萨，我更喜欢千层面。”
So it means I'm saying: "I like pizza better than sushi." Okay?
意思就是：“比起寿司，我更喜欢披萨。”
So, key here, preposition "to".
这里要注意的关键点是介词“to”。
"I prefer...to..."
“与……相比，我更喜欢……。”
Similar-I'll jump on this side- "I'd rather...", "I'd rather eat...".
同样的表达--我还是站到这边来吧--还有“我宁愿……”，“我宁愿吃……”。
This means the same thing as "I prefer".
它的意思和“我更喜欢”是一样的。
The "d" here stands for "would".
这里的“d”代表的是“would”。
"I'd rather eat bibimbap than sushi.
“我宁愿吃拌饭，也不吃寿司。
I'd rather eat Chinese dumplings than McDonalds." Okay?
我宁愿吃中国饺子也不吃麦当劳。”大家学会了吗？
So you can use these expressions, too.
这些表达大家也都可以用。
Very helpful for TOEFL and IELTS.
对托福和雅思都会很有帮助。
Okay, what about for dislike, things we don't like?
好的，那不喜欢怎么说呢？
Here are some examples.
这边我也给大家举了一些例子。
"I really don't like..."
“我真的不喜欢...”
For me: "I really don't like McDonalds.
就拿我来说吧：“我真的不喜欢麦当劳。
I really don't like hamburgers.
我真的不喜欢汉堡包。
I really don't like hotdogs."
我真的不喜欢热狗。”
This has the exact same meaning: "I can't stand hamburgers.
和它意思一样的还有：“我受不了汉堡。
I can't stand anchovies.",
我受不了凤尾鱼。“，
"I'm not keen on tuna.
“我对金枪鱼不感兴趣。
I'm not keen on oysters." Okay?
我对生蚝不感兴趣。”明白了吗？
And finally: "I really dislike...
最后还有：“我真的不喜欢...。
I really dislike sardines." Okay?
我真的不喜欢沙丁鱼。”
So these all mean "don't like", and these all mean "like".
这些词表达的都是“不喜欢”的意思，这边这些表达的都是“喜欢”的意思。
These are great expressions to use when you're talking about food on the TOEFL or the IELTS, or everyday life.
在托福或雅思考试或日常生活中谈到食物的时候，这些表达都会很加分。
So now let's look at some new vocabulary we can use when describing food.
接下来，我们来看一些描述食物时可以用到的其他词汇。
Okay, so another question they might ask you on the IELTS or the TOEFL,
大家在考雅思或托福的时候，考官可能还会问到另外一个问题，
or maybe one of your friends might ask you this, is to: "Describe your favourite dish."
朋友也可能会问到这个问题，那就是：“描述一下你最喜欢的（favourite）料理。”
Okay, I'm just going to say this very quickly: The pronunciation of this word: "favourite", "favourite". Okay?
这里，我要稍微补充一句：这个词的读音是“favourite”，“favourite”。记住了吗？
Not "fav-our-ite".
不是“fav-our-ite”。
And "dish", what's a dish again?
还有“dish”这个词，我们再来回顾一遍什么是“dish”？
A dish is like a meal.
dish就是一顿饭。
Okay? So: "Describe your favourite meal."
大家记住了吗？“描述一下你最喜欢的食物。”
This is a very common IELTS question and TOEFL.
这是雅思和托福考试里经常出现的一个问题。
So, when you describe your favourite dish, you might want to talk about how good it is.
大家在描述自己最喜欢的料理的时候，你可能会想说它有多好吃。
Okay? "It's incredible, it's amazing."
对吧？那你可以说“好吃得不可思议，好吃得不得了。”
So here are some words we can use that can help you maybe get a higher score on your vocabulary.
我又给大家列出了一些应该可以帮大家提分的词汇。
The first one...And these all mean pretty much "delicious".
第一个……这些词表达的基本都是“美味”的意思啊。
The first one: "tasty".
第一个：“tasty”（很好吃）。
Ice cream is tasty.
冰激凌很好吃。
Chocolate is tasty.
巧克力很好吃。
We can say "flavourful".
我们还可以说“flavourful”（味道很丰富）。
This means it has a lot of different flavours to it, it has a lot of different taste.
这个词的意思是有很多种味道，很多种不同的味道。
So, bibimbap is flavourful.
比如，拌饭味道很丰富。
Mexican food is flavour-, flavourful.
墨西哥菜味道很丰，很丰富。
You can also use the word "divine".
大家也可以用“divine”（神圣的）这个词。
"Divine" means it's incredible, it's amazing.
这个词的意思是难以置信，令人惊叹的。
"Oh, the pizza was divine.
可以说“啊，这个披萨真的绝了。
The tacos were divine."
这个玉米饼绝了。”
Okay? So it means really, really good.
明白了吗？意思就是特别特别好。
And then we also have this one, you can be rich in money, you can also, for food, be "rich in flavour".
还有这个词，我们可以说一个人钱多，也可以说食物“rich in flavour”（味道多）。
So I could say: "The...The food from last night, dinner last night was rich in flavour.
举个例子：“昨晚……昨晚的食物，昨晚的晚饭味道很丰富。
The cake is rich in flavour."
蛋糕味道很丰富。”
Okay? So these are all great expressions you can use.
这些表达都很棒，大家可以用起来了。
Now, we have the different types of taste or the different types of flavour. Okay?
好的，上面我们已经讲了不同的味道。
So I'm going to tell you about each one, and I'm going to give you an example of each.
接下来我们就展开详细讲讲，每个我都会给大家举一个例子。
So the first one: "sour", "sour".
第一个：“酸”（sour），“酸”。
Okay? So I know the spelling looks like "sou" or something, but it actually is pronounced: "sow-er".
我知道，这个词的写法看起来有点像“sou”什么的，但它实际的读音是“sow-er”。
So, "sour" is a taste, and it's like the taste of a lemon.
“酸”是一种味道，类似于柠檬的味道。
Okay? You know that taste, it's very strong, and it causes you to go like...?
大家应该都知道那种味道吧？很浓，会让你有……这种感觉。
That's sour.
这就是酸。
So lemons are sour, limes are sour.
柠檬是酸的，酸橙也是酸的。
There are certain types of candy, when you put it in your mouth, it's very sour.
还有某些类型的糖果，放到嘴里你会发现也是酸的。
So it's like tasting like a lemon.
吃起来就跟吃柠檬一样。
We also have the word "sweet".
我们还可以说“甜”（sweet）。
Chocolate is sweet, candy is sweet.
比如巧克力很甜，糖果很甜。
We have the word "bitter", "bitter", "bitter".
还可以说“bitter”（苦）、“bitter”、“bitter”。
You'll notice with the "t", in North American English, we pronounce this like a "d",
要注意“t”的发音，在北美英语里，我们会发成“d”，
so I'm not saying: "bitter", I'm saying "bidder", but you can do it either way.
所以，我发出来的音不是“bitter”，而是“bidder”，但其实两种发音都可以。
If something is bitter, it has...It's not sweet, it's not sour, and it's not salty.
如果说一个东西是苦的，那它……那它就不是甜的，也不是酸的，也不是咸的。
It almost...It has a strong taste, and the taste is like coffee.
就…就是一股很浓的味道，有点儿像咖啡的味道。
If you've ever had a cup of coffee with no milk and no sugar, just the coffee, that taste is very bitter.
如果你喝过咖啡，不加奶也不加糖的那种，纯咖啡，那种味道就很苦。
We have the word "salty".
此外我们还可以说“salty”（咸的）。
Okay? So this is when you put a lot of salt on something.
这种味道就是你往某个东西里放了很多盐以后的味道。
Fish is very salty.
比如，鱼很咸。
If you've ever eaten tuna from a can, it can be very, very salty.
如果你吃过金枪鱼罐头，有的金枪鱼罐头就非常非常咸。
Same with french fries. Okay?
炸薯条也是。
People put salt on french fries, it makes the french fries salty.
有人会往炸好的薯条上撒盐，薯条就会变得很咸。
Okay, now we have the word "oily", "oily", "oily", and "greasy".
好的，接下来还有“oily”（油腻的），“oily”，“oily”，和“greasy”（油腻的）。
Be careful with the pronunciation of these two; I hear a lot of students make mistakes.
要注意这两个词的发音；因为我发现很多同学都会发错。
So: "oily" and "greasy".
是“oily”，“greasy”。
For this one, you actually have to smile when you say it.
发“greasy”这个音的时候，嘴巴其实是成微笑状的。
So, just like "cheese", "grease", "greasy".
就跟发“cheese”（奶酪）这个单词的音一样，“grease”，“greasy”。
