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Catch on. If something catches on, then it's like a - a fashion.
流行起来。如果某件事流行起来，那它就像是一种时尚。
So, if I start walking down the street and I start this new walk, which is like,
所以，如果我开始在街上走我开始这种新的行走方式，就像，
it's kind of a sort of a flappy arm walk and I'm starting to see, in the streets of Toronto,
这有点像像素鸟走路，我开始看到，在多伦多的街道上，
that some people are doing my flappy arm walk, then I'd say "Ah, it's starting to catch on." Okay.
有人在做我的像素鸟走路方式，然后我会说“啊，它开始流行了。”好吧。
Really strange example for you there. Hope you're not thinking I'm a total lunatic. To build on.
这是个很奇怪的例子。希望你没觉得我是个疯子。建立于。
So, builders, what do they do? They often make houses.
那么，建筑工人，他们做什么呢？他们经常盖房子。
They're going to start with foundations and then they're going to build the walls and the roof, etc.
他们将从地基开始，然后他们将建造墙和屋顶，等等。
So, to build on means we've had this success,
所以，建立在我们已经取得成功的基础上，
and we're going to use this and we're going to continue from there to make something even bigger, okay?
我们要用这个，然后从这里开始做更大的东西，明白吗？
So, we have a firm foundation and we're going to continue growing. To walk into something.
因此，我们有了坚实的基础，我们将继续增长。不慎进入某事。
So, to walk into something means you enter it very easily.
所以，“to walk into something”意思是你很容易地进入某事。
Yeah, I walked into an amazing job, I didn't even have to have an interview.
是的，我得到了一份很棒的工作，我甚至不用面试。
I just knocked on the door and the man gave me the job. Or, the woman gave me the job. Okay.
我刚敲了敲门，那个人就给了我工作。或者，这个女人给了我这份工作。好吧。
To walk into something means to get something good with a minimum of effort.
“To walk into something”意思是用最少的努力得到好的东西。
To catch up, there are a couple of different meanings of this.
赶上，这个词有几个不同的意思。
You can have to catch up in communication where you talk to an old friend who you haven't spoken to in a long time,
如果你和很久没联系的老朋友聊天，你可能需要加强交流，
but this is to do with success and failure. So, we've got a race, yep? We've got the tortoise and the hare.
但这与成功和失败有关。所以，我们有一场比赛，对吗？我们有乌龟和兔子。
The hare goes really, really fast and then falls asleep and the tortoise catches up with the hare, so the progress is caught up.
兔子跑得非常非常快，然后睡着了，乌龟追上了兔子，所以进度被追上了。
Catches up. To keep up. So, again, you could think of a race, you've got people going around the 400 meter track
追上了。跟上。所以，再一次，你可以想象一场比赛，你让人们绕着400米跑道跑，
and you've got this really fast person and this one - can they keep up with the really fast person? Okay?
有一个跑得很快的人，还有这个——他们能跟上跑得很快的人吗？好吧？
If I say - it doesn't have to be physical, though.
如果我说，这并不一定是物理上的。
I could say, in a class, "Keep up", yep, means, you know, listen, make sure that you're paying attention, okay.
我可以说，在课堂上，“跟上”，是的，意思是，你知道，听着，确保你在集中注意力，好的。
To capitalise on. So, capital is really money.
利用。所以，资本就是钱。
So, if I capitalise then I'm sort of making it into money, which, in a wider meaning means that I'm getting some benefit from.
所以，如果我把它资本化，那么我就把它变成了钱，从更广泛的意义上来说，这意味着我从中得到了一些好处。
So, if you were to capitalise from this lesson, you're going to need to actually use some of these words with the people that you know.
所以，如果你想从这节课中吸取教训，你就需要在你认识的人身上使用这些词中的一些。
Okay? Cement the learning. To lose out to. New Zealand lost out to England in the Rugby World Cup semifinal.
好吧？巩固学习。输给。新西兰在橄榄球世界杯半决赛中输给了英格兰。
So, they lost out to, it means both teams were trying to get to the final, but, you know,
所以，他们输给了，这意味着两支球队都试图进入决赛，但是，你知道，
New Zealand weren't quite at that same standard as England, hahahahaha, so they didn't get to the same kind of prize that England did.
新西兰和英格兰的水平不太一样，哈哈哈哈哈，所以他们没有获得和英格兰一样的奖项。
To stay ahead. Maybe thinking of driving a car, you know, staying ahead means you're in front, okay?
保持领先。也许考虑开车，你知道，保持领先意味着你在前面，好吗？
So, if you stay ahead of the competition, then you're bigger and you're continuing to be dominating that market.
所以，如果你在竞争中保持领先地位，你就会变得更大，并继续主导市场。
So, as I said at the beginning, we're now going to try and use some of these talking about these different areas of modern life.
所以，就像我一开始说的，我们现在要尝试用其中的一些来谈论现代生活的不同领域。
So, let's go for fashion. Now, which of these can I talk about with fashion? To bring something off, yeah, you really brought that off.
所以，让我们来谈谈时尚。现在，关于时尚，我可以谈论哪些呢？成功了，是啊，你真的做到了。
To pull something off, to carry something off, to come off. Something takes off, to pay off, okay.
成功做成某事，完成某件事，成功，突然成功，取得成功。
So, fashion, to bring, yeah, you really brought that off, pulled something off,
所以，时尚，带来，是的，你真的做到了，做到了，
so pull something off, we're talking about something being successful.
所以成功，我们说的是成功。
So, maybe I'm wearing - actually, I'm making a video later today where I'm going to be dressed up as a woman.
所以，也许我正在穿——实际上，我今天晚些时候要做一个视频，我要打扮成一个女人。
So, I've been busy preparing for that all day.
所以，我一整天都在忙着准备。
If I pull that off successfully, then I will look like a woman. It will be believable.
如果我成功地做到了，那么我看起来就像一个女人。它将是可信的。
You're going to have to watch this video now, aren't you? Right.
你现在要看这个视频了，是吗？是的。
If I carry it off, then you're going to say to me, you're going to believe that Benjamin looks like a woman.
如果我成功了，你就会对我说，你会相信本杰明长得像个女人。
Don't say that, I've even got facial hair, come on, I'm a man.
别这么说，我脸上都有胡子，拜托，我是个男人。
If something takes off and it becomes popular, so fashion.
如果某样东西很流行，那么它就很流行，很时尚。
Maybe if I start walking around with stripey socks and it takes off, then everyone starts wearing stripey socks.
也许如果我开始穿着条纹袜子到处走，然后它突然流行起来，然后每个人都开始穿条纹袜子。
Okay. It doesn't really work with "through", these ones, unless you're taking about the business aspect of fashion.
好吧。除非你是在谈论时尚的商业方面，否则它们不会与“through”搭配。
Yeah, a sales deal - a sales deal sailed through, but this is more sort of the business area. To catch on, a fashion catches on.
是的，一项销售协议，一项销售协议顺利通过，但这更像是商业领域。一种时尚流行起来。
And then to capitalise on, again, sort of more sort of business related as would be to stay ahead and to lose out to, talking about kind of competition.
然后是利用，更和商业相关，还有保持领先，输给对手，谈论竞争。
Sports. They carried it off excellently. England carried off their game plan exceptionally well.
体育运动。他们出色地完成了任务。英格兰队把他们的比赛计划执行得异常出色。
Their hard work paid off. They got through the game successfully. They sailed through to the World Cup final.
他们的努力得到了回报。他们成功地通过了比赛。他们轻松地进入了世界杯决赛。
They built on their hard work. They capitalised on New Zealand's mistakes. Okay.
他们继续努力工作。他们利用了新西兰的失误。好吧。
What about studies? Yep, I pulled it off. I got an A. My hard work has paid off.
研究呢？是的，我成功了。我得了A，我的努力得到了回报。
Or, I muddled my way through university means I did a little bit of work, I did a little bit of that,
或者，我在大学里混着过，这意味着我只做了一点功课，我做了一点别的事情，
I wasn't very concentrated, but I got through it, I got to the end.
我不是很专注，但我通过了，我坚持到了最后。
I managed to walk into a job after my studies. I caught up with my friends by doing some revision.
毕业后我设法找到了一份工作。我通过复习赶上了我的朋友们。
You could say I lost out on - I lost out on getting a first-class degree, which was a mistake.
你可以说输去，我失去了获得一等学位的机会，这是个错误。
Okay. Fine. So, the more familiar you get with these phrasal verbs, the better.
好吧。很好。所以，你对这些动词短语越熟悉就越好。
Look out for them in the things you're going to read and listen to and just try to expand your vocab.
在你要读的和听的内容中寻找它们，试着扩大你的词汇量。
Thanks for watching. Any questions, write them down in the comments below and I'll see you in the next video. Bye!
谢谢收看。有任何问题，请写在下面的评论中，下个视频再见。再见！
