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The teams will carry these young coho down the mountain on their backs and bring them here, where their DNA information will be taken and eventually matched with an unrelated mate.
研究小组将背着这些小银鲑鱼下山带到这里，它们的DNA信息将被在这里提取，最终与一条无血缘关系的同类配对。
So they sequence all the DNA and then look at the different alleles,
他们对所有的DNA进行测序，然后观察等位基因，
and they use that information to create kind of metrics of relatedness between individual fish in the same way that if you submitted a DNA sample and your mom and your mom's sister and your mom's brother did,
他们利用这些信息来建立个体之间的相关性指标，就像你、你妈妈和你妈妈的兄弟姐妹提交DNA样本一样，
they would be able to figure out how you were related.
他们就能知道你们的关系。
It's the same kind of process really.
这个过程是一样的。
So we're able to identify brothers and sisters, full siblings, half siblings, first cousins, etc using that information,
所以我们可以利用这些信息来识别兄弟姐妹、同父异母的兄弟姐妹和堂表兄弟姐妹等等，
and then every individual in the population will be kind of stacked up against each other.
然后将每一份信息堆叠起来。
And we're going to be looking to help breed the males and females that are most distantly related to maximize the amount of outbreeding and genetic diversity in the population.
我们将帮助繁殖最远亲的雄性和雌性，以最大限度地扩大远系繁殖的数量以及种群中的遗传多样性。
This might sound like an awful lot of work just to breed some fish, but genetic diversity is the only chance the species has for survival.
只是繁育鱼类而已，听起来工作量居然这么大，但是遗传多样性是这个物种生存的唯一机会。
When populations shrink, so does the amount of mates to choose from, which will eventually lead to inbreeding and inbreeding could result in passing on harmful recessive genes to future populations.
当种群减少时，可供选择的配偶数量也会减少，这最终将导致近亲繁殖，近亲繁殖可能会导致有害的隐性基因传递给未来的后代。
That's a bad thing because if brothers and sisters or first cousins are reproducing together,
这是件坏事，因为如果兄弟姐妹或堂表兄弟姐妹在一起繁衍后代，
it really reduces the fitness of the offspring so they can have deformities like problems with their fins,
这的确会降低后代的适应能力，因此它们可能会有畸形，比如鳍出现问题，
they can be more vulnerable to disease, it just really dramatically reduces their ability to make it to an adult and reproduce themselves.
它们可能更容易受到疾病的侵袭，这会大大降低它们长到成年与繁殖的能力。
And without salmon, the multiple ecosystems where they live could suffer because not only have they been historically important food source for us humans,
如果没有鲑鱼的话，它们生活的多种生态系统可能会受到影响，因为它们不仅是人类重要的食物来源，
but their lives and deaths by a vital role in the survival of both flora and fauna.
而且它们的生死对动植物的生存也起着至关重要的作用。
When they come back as adults, they spawn in rivers.
它们成年归来后会在河里产卵。
Coho salmon die pretty shortly thereafter, and they're a really important source of nutrients to the terrestrial forest environment.
银鲑鱼很快就会死亡，它们是陆地森林环境中营养物质的重要来源。
So in order to protect this critical species, and really, all critical species,
所以，为了保护这些关键物种，所有这些关键物种，
we need to help grow the population in a healthy way.
我们需要帮助种群健康增长。
Teams are raising a few generations of young coho here at the hatchery and will start returning fish to the wild this winter.
研究小组正在养鱼场饲养几代小银鲑鱼，并将于今年冬天开始将鱼放归野外。
Genetically diverse partners will be released together to breed in the wild naturally, hopefully increasing the fitness and survival of their offspring.
基因多样的伴侣将被放在野外自然繁殖，希望能增加后代的健康度和存活率。
The hope is that this DNA program will be the thing that eventually revitalizes these vital fish.
希望这个DNA工程能最终使这些充满生气的鱼类恢复活力。
The goal is to get this population back up to their original numbers, and that may take decades.
目标是让种群恢复到原来的数量，这可能需要几十年的时间。
In the meantime, we can try to do our part.
同时，我们需要尽到我们的职责。
People can certainly support conservation organizations that are working to rehabilitate these species and their habitats,
人们当然可以支持那些致力于恢复这些物种及其栖息地的保护组织，
and also take your kids out to see them in the wild, and help kids develop a passion for nature and for salmon and protecting them in the future.
还可以带着孩子们去野外观察它们，帮助孩子建立起对大自然和鲑鱼的兴趣，将来努力保护它们。
