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A tornado is a rapidly rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and the stormy clouds above.
龙卷风是一种快速旋转的空气柱，它既与地表接触，也与其上方的风暴云接触。
This fierce windstorm is also often referred to as a whirl wind or twister.
这种猛烈的风暴也常被称为旋风或龙卷风。
Most tornadoes are found in the Great Plains of the central United States, because it's an ideal environment for the formation of severe thunderstorms.
大多数龙卷风都发生在美国中部的大平原，因为那里是形成强烈雷暴的理想环境。
In this area, known as Tornado Alley, storms are caused when dry cold air moving south from Canada meets warm moist air traveling north from the Gulf of Mexico.
在这个被称为“龙卷风走廊”的地区，当加拿大南下的干冷气流与墨西哥湾北上的暖湿气流相遇，就会产生风暴。
Tornados are hugely destructive forces of nature.
龙卷风在大自然中破坏力巨大。
If you find yourself face to face with one, quick thinking is needed.
如果你发现是自己独自面对时，就需要快速思考。
In this episode of The Infographics Show, we'll attempt to work out: What Is The Safest Place During a Tornado?
在这一集的“图形信息秀节目”中，我们将尝试找出应对措施：龙卷风发生时，哪里是最安全的地方？
On August 3 this year, 12-year-old Hayley and her 10-year-old brother, Hunter Oleschak were among 40 people who huddled in the basement of their grandparents' home near Margaret Bruce Beach
今年8月3日，12岁的海莉和她10岁的弟弟亨特·奥列沙克等40人挤在玛格丽特·布鲁斯海滩附近祖父母家的地下室里，
while an F-4 tornado tore across the property on its way to Lake Manitoba.
一场F-4级的龙卷风在前往曼尼托巴湖的途中横扫了这处房产。
The power of a tornado is categorized on the Fujita Tornado Intensity, or F Scale with ratings from F1 to F5; 5 being the most destructive.
龙卷风的威力按藤田龙卷风强度或F级分类，从F1到F5；5级是最具破坏性的。
The F4 that these two children survived is considered devastating with winds between 207 and 260 mph.
这两个孩子此次幸存下来的F4级龙卷风，其破坏性风速达到了每小时207到260英里。
The tornado that hit the Alonsa area killed one man, 77-year-old Jack Furrie, and destroyed several homes, trailers, vehicles and farm structures.
龙卷风袭击了阿隆萨地区，造成一名77岁的男子杰克·弗瑞死亡，多处房屋、拖车式活动房屋、车辆和农场建筑被毁。
It also destroyed an outbuilding on the Oleschak property.
它还摧毁了奥列沙克家的一座附属建筑。
CBC News reported that both Hunter and Hayley saw and heard the twister as it chewed its way across the RM of Alonsa.
据加拿大广播公司报道，亨特和海莉都看到并听到了龙卷风在马尼托巴省的阿隆萨地区肆虐的过程。
They said they spent their time in the basement of their home, huddled under a mattress, placed there by their dad, "just in case a tree fell on the house," Hunter said.
他们说，他们在家里的地下室里待了很久，蜷缩在爸爸放的床垫下，亨特说“这样做是为了防止大树倒在房子上”。
So in this case it looks like a mattress acted as good safety cover for young Haley and Hunter.
所以在这种情况下，床垫对年幼的海莉和亨特起到了很好的保护作用。
What other recommendations are out there if you find yourself in the heart of a tornado?
如果你发现自己身处龙卷风中心，还有什么其他的建议吗？
Oklahoma is located in Tornado Alley, and so there's no better place to seek advice than from the website of the Oklahoma Emergency Medical Services Authority, or EMSA.
俄克拉荷马州地处龙卷风走廊，因此，从俄克拉荷马州紧急医疗服务管理局(简称EMSA)的网站上寻求建议是最好的选择。
Here's the advice they give on the safest places to be during a tornado:
以下是他们对龙卷风期间最安全地点的建议：
In terms of how much time you have to play with, if a tornado has been spotted by the weather radar, you need to seek shelter immediately.
考虑下你能有多少时间可以应对，如果天气雷达已经探测到了龙卷风，你需要立即寻找避难所。
A basement or storm shelter underground is by far the safest place to be, but you may not have time to reach one, in which case you'll need to improvise and find the safest place possible.
到目前为止，地下室或地下防空洞是最安全的地方，但你可能没有时间去那里，在这种情况下，你需要随机应变，尽可能找到最安全的地方。
If you are at home when the storms hits, here is the advice:
如果暴风来袭时你在家，以下有一些建议：
1. If you have a cellar, storm shelter, safe room or basement available, go immediately to that area.
如果你家有地窖，风暴掩体，安全屋或地下室，立即去那些地方。
If none of these options are available to you, then you should get to the lowest level of your home.
如果这些选择对你来说都不可行，那么你应该到你家的最底层去。
2. Find the nearest windowless interior room, such as a bathroom, closet or inner hallway.
寻找最近的无窗室内房间，如浴室、贮藏室或内部走廊。
3. Stay as far from windows as possible – they will shatter when the storm hits.
尽量远离窗户，因为暴风来袭时窗户会被打碎。
4. Go to the center of the room – corners tend to attract debris.
走到房间中央去——因为角落里容易吸引碎片。
5. Get under a sturdy piece of furniture; heavy table or desk, and hold on to it. Or a mattress if one is available.
躲在一件结实的家具下面，沉重的桌子或书桌，并抓牢了。如果情况允许，再拿一张床垫。
6. And protect your head and neck with a blanket, if possible.
如果可能的话，用毯子保护好头和脖子。
That's the advice if you live in a bricks and mortar house but what if you live in a mobile home?
这些建议适用于住在实体房屋中的呢，但如果你住在拖车式拖车式活动房屋里呢？
Mobile homes are particularly vulnerable to tornadoes. Even if they have been anchored down they can still be easily overturned by the strong swirling winds.
拖车式活动房屋面对龙卷风的袭击时极为脆弱。即使它们已经被固定下来了，它们仍然很容易被强烈的旋风掀翻。
If you are in a mobile home when a tornado is approaching, evacuate the home immediately.
如果龙卷风来袭时你在拖车式活动房屋中，请立即撤离。
1. If possible find the nearest building with a strong foundation and take shelter there.
如果可能的话，找到最近的有坚实地基的建筑物，并在那里避难。
2. If a shelter is not available, lie in a ditch or low-lying area a safe distance away from the mobile home.
如果没有避难所，就躺在离拖车式活动房屋有安全距离的沟渠内或低洼地区。
3. Use your arms to protect your head and neck.
用手臂保护头和脖子。
4. Stay alert to the potential for flooding.
对潜在的洪水保持警惕。
