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Hi, everyone! Oh, sorry about that! I got to The Fort pretty early this morning, so I'm still a little sleepy.
嗨，大家好，哦，抱歉，今天来的太早了，这会儿还有点儿困。
Mister Brown, Mister Brown!
布朗先生，布朗先生！
Oh, hey! Good morning, Sam! You're here awfully early.
哦，嘿！早上好，山姆！你来得太早了。
Yeah! It's because I've made an amazing discovery: a space rock. Check it out.
是的！因为我有了一个惊人的发现：一块太空石。快看一下。
Whoa, where did you find this?
哇哦，你在哪儿发现的？
Well, I was up late last night looking at the stars, like I usually do.
嗯，我昨晚像往常一样熬夜看星星。
But this time, there were lots of shooting stars — bright lights streaking across the sky!
但这次，有很多流星——明亮的光划过天空！
And then, when I went outside this morning, I found this super weird rock on the ground.
然后，我今天早上出去的时候，在地上发现了一块超级奇怪的石头。
It didn't look anything like the rocks around it, and it looked so cool and different, I had to bring it for you to see. I think it's from space.
它看着和周围的石头格格不入，很酷，很与众不同，我觉得必须拿给你看一下。我觉得它来自太空。
Ooh, let me see. You know, Sam, I think this could be from space!
哦，我看看。你知道吗，萨姆，我觉得它可能就是从太空来的！
Well, everyone… I think it's time to do some meteorite tests.
嗯，朋友们，我想是时候做一次陨石测试了。
When we look up at the night sky, we mostly just see stars.
当我们仰望夜空时，我们看到的大多是星星。
But if you had a really powerful telescope, you could also see that space is full of rocks, just zooming around.
但如果你有一个非常厉害的望远镜，那么我们就能看到太空里到处都是岩石。
These rocks come in all shapes and sizes, and sometimes, they get into the layer of air all around Earth, called the atmosphere.
这些岩石有各种形状大小各异，有时它们会进入地球周围的大气层，
And when they do, they fall really fast towards the ground.
然后就会很快掉向地面。
In fact, the rocks fall so fast that they start to get really hot as they move through the atmosphere.
这些岩石下落的速度其实非常快，所以它们在穿过大气层时会变得非常热。
And then, they burn up! And when they do, they can leave a bright streak of light across the sky.
然后，它们就烧起来了！当它们出现时，会在天空中留下一道明亮的光。
Sound familiar, Sam?
听上去熟悉吗，山姆？
That sounds like the shooting stars I saw!
听起来就像我看到的流星！
Exactly! When those rocks are burning up in our atmosphere, we call them shooting stars, or meteors.
没错！当这些岩石在地球的大气层中燃烧时，我们称它们为流星。
I mean, they aren't really stars. We just call them that because they're bright lights in the night sky, like real stars are.
但是呢，它们其实并不是真正的星星。我们这么叫是因为它们是夜空中的亮点，就像真正的星星一样。
Most of the time, those meteors burn up nearly all the way, so there's almost no rock left.
这些流星大多时候会一路燃烧，所以最后几乎不会留下什么岩石块儿。
But sometimes, pieces of rock make it all the way to Earth's surface. If they hit the ground, we call them meteorites.
但有时呢，岩石碎片会一路到达地球表面，如果它们撞到了地面，我们就称之为陨石。
Most meteorites are small, usually no bigger than my hand, and they're made out of bits of crystal or iron.
大多数陨石都很小，一般不会有我的手大，由晶体或铁碎片组成。
Crystals aren't rocks, but they look like them. They're hard, usually have lots of straight lines, and are sometimes clear or a bit see through in places. A lot like rocky candy!
晶体不是岩石，但和岩石很像。它们很硬，通常会有很多直的棱角，有的很透明，能微微看到里面，就像冰糖一样！
And iron is a really hard, shiny metal.
铁则是一种又硬又有光泽的金属。
So you're saying that this could be a meteorite.
所以你是说它可能是块陨石。
It could be! But let's run some tests to find out.
可能是吧！咱们做些测试就知道是不是了。
There are lots of different rocks here on Earth, so there are some tests you can do right at home to see if you might have found a real meteorite.
地球上有很多不同的岩石，所以大家可以在家里做一些测试，看看你是否发现了一块真正的陨石。
The tests have to do with the properties of the rock. Those are things you can observe or notice about it, like its color and shape.
这些测试和岩石的性质有关。有些是肉眼可以观察或注意到的东西，比如岩石的颜色和形状。
And you've already finished the first test, Sam!
你已经完成了第一个测试，萨姆！
What do you mean?
怎么说？
Well, the first test is to see whether your rock is like other rocks nearby.
第一个测试就是，看这块岩石和周围的其他岩石想像不像。
Does it match the other rocks in the area, or does it stand out?
它和这一地区的其他岩石一样吗，还是说特别不一样？
So, Sam, compared to other nearby rocks, was this one a different color, or texture, or shape?
所以，萨姆，和周围的其他岩石对比的话，这一块岩石的颜色、质地或形状有什么不同吗？
None of the other rocks nearby looked or felt like it! The other rocks were all gray or red, and round.
周围没有一块岩石像它！其他岩石都是灰色的或者红色的，偏圆一些。
Alright, let's move on to the second test: color.
好的，让我们继续第二个测试：颜色。
Meteorites get to Earth after burning through the atmosphere. And when they burn, they normally change colors.
陨石在穿过大气层燃烧后到达地球，它们在燃烧时颜色通常会变。
It's just like how wood or paper turns black when you burn it in a campfire.
就像在篝火里烧木头或纸它们会变黑一样。
So, meteorites normally have a layer of black or dark brown color on the outside.
所以，陨石的表面通常会有一层黑色或深棕色。
My rock is really dark brown! Maybe because it was burning in space!
我那块石头是深棕色的，可能是因为在太空里燃烧的原因！
Alright! So far so good, but let's look at shape next.
没错，目前为止都不错，接下来咱们看看形状。
Meteorites usually aren't perfect circles or squares. Instead, they have irregular or unusual shapes — like, they might look really lumpy.
陨石的形状通常不会非常圆或者非常正，相反它们的形状是不规则的，非常与众不同。比如，它们可能看起来凹凸不平。
But an important thing is, they also feel smooth, and don't have any holes in them.
但重要的是，它们摸起来也很光滑，而且上面没有任何坑坑洼洼的洞。
Well, this rock is shaped like a meteorite, and it doesn't have any holes in it. But it's not that smooth.
嗯，我这块石头的形状很像陨石，而且上面没有什么洞，不过它并不光滑。
Alright! Let's take a look at the next test, then. This is a test to see how dense the rock is.
好的，那么咱们看下一项测试，来测试岩石的密度。
We say an object is really dense when it's pretty small, but also really heavy for its size!
越小的东西它的密度就越大，但相对于它的大小来说它的重量并不轻。
If you pick up a small object and it's way heavier than it looks, that's probably a good sign that it's dense.
如果你拿起一个小的物体，但是它比看起来要重得多，这就很好地说明了它的密度很大。
Meteorites are really dense, so they have a lot of stuff packed into a small space.
陨石的密度非常大，所以它的内部其实有很多东西。
This makes them a lot heavier than Earth rocks that are the same size.
这使得它们比同样大小的地球岩石要重得多。
I actually brought some rocks in from the garden earlier this morning so I could learn more about them, so we can compare how heavy they feel!
其实我今天早上从花园里带了一些石头过来，为了了解更多关于它们的信息，比较一下它们的重量。
So how heavy does that feel compared to my rock?
所以，和我的石头比起来哪个重？
You know, your rock does feel pretty heavy. I think it's pretty dense!
你这块岩石感觉重多了，我觉得它的密度非常高。
Whoa, does this mean it's a meteorite?!
哇哦，所以说它是块陨石咯？！
Let's do one last test, just to be sure.
我们再做最后一个测试。
We're going to test if your rock is magnetic. Do you remember what meteorites are made of, Sam?
我们要测试你的石头是否有磁性。你还记得陨石是由什么组成的吗，山姆？
Totally! They're made of crystals or metal.
记得呢！它们是由晶体或金属组成的。
That's right! Most meteorites have the metal iron in them. And iron sticks to magnets!
没错！大多数陨石都含有金属铁，铁棒会粘在磁铁上！
When something sticks to a magnet, we call it magnetic. So if this rock is a meteorite, then the iron in it should make this magnet stick to the rock.
如果某个东西能粘在磁铁上，我们就说它有磁性。所以如果这块石头是陨石，那么里面的铁应该会让磁铁粘在它上面。
Let's try it!
咱们试试吧！
Look at that! It's magnetic! So, let's see what we learned.
看，它有磁性。咱们来总结一下。
This is an unusual rock, and it's the right color to be a meteorite.
这是一块不同寻常的岩石，它的颜色正好和陨石一样。
It also has a good, irregular shape like a meteorite. It is a little rough, but it also doesn't have holes.
它的形状也和陨石一样不规则，有点粗糙，但没有洞。
It's also pretty dense and is magnetic! What do you think, Sam?
它的密度也很高，而且有磁性！你觉得呢，萨姆？
Hm… That sounds like a meteorite to me!
嗯……听起来它是块陨石！
You know, I think you're right! Even if it's not super smooth, it checks all our other boxes. So wow, congrats, Sam! You found a space rock!
我觉得你是对的！即便它不是很光滑，但符合我们的其他要求。哇，恭喜你，山姆！你发现了一块太空岩石！
Whoa! Thanks, Mister Brown! I had a lot of fun learning about my rock, too. Meteorite testing with you was really cool, and I learned a lot.
哇！谢谢，布朗先生！我也从学习我的石头中得到了很多乐趣。和你一起测试陨石真的很酷，我学到了很多。
Actually… Now, I want to go see if there are any other meteorites outside! I'll catch you later!
其实……现在我想去看看外面有没有其他的陨石！回头见！
I'm glad you enjoyed it! Bye, Sam!
很高兴你喜欢！再见，山姆！
Bye!
拜！
Looks like Sam is excited to explore! What about you? Do you have any unusual rocks nearby? Try running meteorite tests on them, and see what you find!
看来山姆对探索很兴奋！你呢？附近有什么与众不同的岩石吗？试着对他们进行陨石测试，看看能有什么发现！
You can keep track of what you learn in a science notebook, or with a chart, like we did!
你可以在科学笔记本上记录你所学的东西，或者像我们一样用图表记录！
And if you'd like to continue exploring with me, Sam, Jessi, and all of our other friends, click the subscribe button. We'll see you next time, here at The Fort.
如果你想和我、山姆、杰西以及其他朋友一起继续探索，请点击订阅按钮。我们下期见，在城堡等你哦。
