评论
打印
He would later even blame the failure of his Spring Offensive on the virus.
他后来甚至把春季攻势的失败归咎于病毒。
This was the First Wave, which seemed bad at the time. And it actually was pretty bad.
这是病毒的第一次爆发，当时的情况看上去很糟糕，实际情况更糟。
But it was nothing compared to what was to come.
但与即将发生的事情相比，这算不了什么。
During the first sweep of the Spanish Lady, the influenza virus probably went through a mutation process which made it much deadlier.
病毒开始在西班牙爆发时发生了变异，变得更加致命。
This enhanced killer made its first appearance in late August of 1918, when the Second Wave took off almost simultaneously from three major wartime ports: Boston, USA; Brest, France; and Freetown, Sierra Leone.
这位增强型杀手在1918年8月底首次亮相，当时第二次感染浪潮几乎同时从三个主要的战时港口出现：美国波士顿，布雷斯特法国，塞拉利昂的弗里敦。
Form the three ports, thousands of sailors, soldiers and civilian travellers became vectors for the virus.
在这三个港口，数千名水手、士兵和平民游客成为了病毒携带者。
Aboard their ship, in a matter of weeks the infected spread the disease across the four corners of the Globe, with only a handful of remote locations being spared the ordeal.
在他们的船上，在几周内，感染者将病毒传播到了地球的四个角落，只有少数偏远地区幸免于这场灾难。
The Second Wave dragged down throughout the whole of Autumn and into early Winter of 1919.
第二次感染浪潮席卷了整个秋天，一直持续到1919年初冬。
The end of the war, on the 11th of November 1918, did not mitigate the onslaught, arguably it made it worse:
1918年11月11日，战争的结束并没有减轻病毒的猛烈攻击，可以说反而使情况变得更糟：
millions of soldiers were demobilised, hundreds of thousands of PoW's returned home, carrying an unwanted stowaway inside their lungs.
数以百万的士兵被遣散，成千上万的战俘带着一个被遗弃的偷渡者(病毒)回到了家。
A whole generation of young men had been decimated by artillery, weaponised gas, machine gun fire … and those who survived were likely to die because of a single droplet of saliva.
整整一代的年轻人被大炮、武器化的毒气、机关枪的火力杀死，而那些幸存下来的人可能会因为一滴唾液而死去。
It took only one single virus, inside a single droplet out of 40,000 ejected by a single sneeze … and like that, you were infected.
只要你碰到一个单一的病毒，一个喷嚏喷出的四万颗液滴中的一颗，你就会被感染。
The feeling of the fragility of life in those times is captured by the every-day correspondence of ordinary people.
从大众的日常通信中我们能捕捉到那个时代生命的脆弱。
In September 1918 a Post Office worker in Plymouth, Massachusetts wrote to his wife about the gruelling conditions he worked in to ensure a continuing service, amidst the constant death caused by the flu:
1918年9月，马萨诸塞州普利茅斯的一名邮局工作人员写信给他的妻子，告诉她为了保证邮局的正常运转，他在极其恶劣的条件下工作，因流感死去的人越来越多：
"I have some more very bad news to write you and I guess if things keep on that by the end of the year there will be nobody left in town.
“我还有一些非常坏的消息要告诉你，我想，如果这种情况继续下去，到今年年底，镇上的人就会死光。
Harold Ashley died yesterday …Harold will be buried just as soon as his body arrives and there will be no funeral.
哈罗德·阿什利昨天去世了……哈罗德的尸体一到就会被埋葬，不会有葬礼。
On Friday we had seven funerals and Saturday about as many, so you see what we are up against. In Brockton three days last week there was one every hour"
周五我们有七场葬礼，周六也差不多，所以你知道我们面对的是什么。上周在布罗克顿，三天里每小时就会死一个人”
On the 11th of October, a recruit in training in Michigan wrote to a friend that in his camp '50 die every day from it'.
10月11日，一名在密歇根受训的新兵给朋友写信说，在他的营地里，“每天都有50人死于这种疾病”。
From the 16th to the 27th of October, a series of letter from Mrs Alma Sr to her daughter Alma Jr show how unbreakable can a mother's love be.
10月16日至27日，老阿尔玛夫人给女儿小阿尔玛的一系列来信向我们展示了母爱是多么地牢不可破。
Writing from Rochester, New York, Mrs Alma worries that her daughter is safe and healthy, in her college in Ontario, Canada.
这封信来自纽约罗切斯特，阿尔玛夫人担心她在加拿大安大略省上大学的女儿是否安全健康。
Some of the motherly advice may resonate with what you hear these days:
来自母亲的一些建议可能会让你与近两年所听到的产生共鸣：
"Was just wondering how you were getting in these days of epidemic - in the Country it is fierce and so many dying …
“我想知道在病毒肆虐的这些日子里你是怎么度过的——在这个国家，疫情很严重，死了很多人……
Over here is something awful people are dying and it's awful … Don't worry or fret because you only can walk in the yard - be glad you can do that …
这里发生了可怕的事情，人们正在死去，太可怕了……不要担心，不要烦恼，因为你只能在院子里走走，你应该高兴你还能走走……
keep in fresh air all you can… and keep warm put your bathrobe on at night … hot lemonade at night is excellent for influenza."
尽可能地保持空气新鲜，晚上要穿睡衣，注意保暖，晚上喝热柠檬水对预防流感非常有效。”
Mrs Alma then laments that she cannot help her other daughter with her little baby, Jane because she is invalided at home, and that it is "impossible to get nurses".
阿尔玛夫人随后悲叹，她不能帮助她的另一个女儿照顾她那还是婴儿的小女儿简，因为她在家生病了，而且“不可能找到护士”。
While worrying about the well-being of her daughters and doing what she could to help her granddaughter, Mrs Alma was ill with cancer.
就在为女儿们的健康担忧和尽力帮助孙女的同时，阿尔玛夫人患上了癌症。
Maybe unable to access medical care earlier because of the pandemic, she was eventually hospitalised on the 27th of October, and died on the 6th of November.
也许是由于病毒，她无法获得及时的医疗护理，最终于10月27日住院，并于11月6日死亡。
On the 31st of October, an official at the Mayor office of San Francisco took the initiative to notify his counterpart in Santa Barbara, about effective public health measures in his city.
10月31日，旧金山市长办公室的一名官员主动通知了圣巴巴拉市的市长，因为旧金山市已经采取了有效的公共卫生措施。
Sending this for your information because I have seen the whole terrible effect of epidemic here, because masks have saved untold suffering and many deaths, and because Santa Barbara is my old home city.
寄给你这封信的原因是，因为我在这里目睹了流行病的可怕后果，因为口罩使无数人免于痛苦和死亡，因为圣巴巴拉是我的老家。
The measure in place was simply the universal wearing of masks.
这里采取的措施就是让所有人都戴上口罩。
Three days after the use became general, new cases in San Francisco dropped by 50%, but the daily death toll was still above 100.
在大家都戴上口罩的三天后，虽然旧金山每天的死亡人数仍然达到了100多人，但新增病例下降了50%。
On the other side of the pond, London was being stricken as hard as New York State, California and Ontario.
在大西洋的另一边，伦敦遭受的打击与纽约州、加利福尼亚州和安大略省一样严重。
On the 28th of October 1918, one Mrs Bennett wrote "Things here are in a terrible state, this new flu … taking people off as they walk along the streets.
1918年10月28日，一位贝内特夫人写道：“这里的情况很糟糕，这种新型流感……人在街上走着走着就死掉了。
In fact, the undertakers can't turn the coffins out or bury the people quick enough. There's families of 6 & 7 in one house lay dead."
事实上，殡仪馆的工作人员无法尽快把棺材弄出来或埋葬死者，有的一家子里就死了6、7个人。”
