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Hey, Psych2Goers, welcome back to our channel.
嗨，Psych2Goers，欢迎回来。
Have you ever wanted to know what someone is feeling or what they meant to say,based on their clothing, expressions, or behaviors alone?
你是否想过仅仅根据某人的衣着、表情或行为，就想知道他们的感受或想要说什么?
Maybe you've seen too many episodes of "Sherlock," and so now you're determined to become a detective yourself.
也许你看了太多的《神探夏洛克》，所以现在你决定自己也成为一名侦探。
While no one can read another's mind, not even Sherlock Holmes is that good,
虽然没人能读懂别人的心思，即使夏洛克·福尔摩斯也没那么好，
there are some tricks that can help you get a better understanding of others and what they really mean to say.
有一些技巧可以帮助你更好地理解别人，以及他们真正想说什么。
Here are some tips on how to read nearly anyone.
这里有一些如何阅读几乎任何人的秘诀。
Number one, be open-minded and unbiased.
第一，思想开放，不带偏见。
If you wanna learn to read people, you must first practice approaching people with an open mind.
如果你想学会读懂别人，你必须首先以开放的心态接近别人。
We all have hidden biases within us, based on past experiences, current emotions, and interactions.
基于过去的经历、当前的情绪和互动，我们都有隐藏的偏见。
If we judge someone too quickly, we're more prone to misreading others.
如果我们太快地判断一个人，我们更容易误读别人。
Practice entering a new encounter with an open mind.
练习以开放的心态面对新的事物。
According to Judith Orloff, M.D., in Psychology Today, you must surrender to other vital forms of information,
医学博士朱迪斯·奥洛夫在《今日心理学》中指出，你必须注意其他重要的信息形式，
so that you can learn to read the important nonverbal intuitive cues that people give off.
这样你就能学会解读人们发出的重要的非语言直觉线索。
To do this, you must also be willing to surrender any preconceptions or emotional baggage,
要做到这一点，你必须愿意放弃任何先入之见或情感包袱，
such as old resentments or ego clashes, that stop you from seeing someone clearly.
比如过去的怨恨或自我冲突，这些都会让你无法看清对方。
The key is to remain objective and receive information neutrally, without distorting it.
关键是保持客观，以中立的态度接收信息，不要歪曲信息。
Number two, enter open-minded, but be aware of your instinctive feelings.
第二，思想开放，但要意识到你的直觉。
While it's best to be open-minded, it may not be a good idea to ignore our gut feelings and first impressions entirely right away.
虽然保持开放的心态是最好的，但立即忽视我们的直觉和第一印象可能并不是个好主意。
Why?
为什么?
Our first impressions may be more accurate than we think according to research published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin in 2009.
根据2009年发表在《人格与社会心理学公报》上的一项研究，我们的第一印象可能比我们想象的更准确。
The study had subjects view full body photos of 123 strangers.
这项研究让受试者观看123名陌生人的全身照片。
The strangers were viewed in either a controlled, neutral pose and facial expression, or the strangers naturally posed themselves in an expressive pose.
这些陌生人要么被观察到受控的、中性的姿势和面部表情，要么被观察到自然地摆出一个富有表现力的姿势。
When the subject saw the photos of the strangers expressing themselves naturally, their judgments of them were correct for nine out of 10 personality traits.
当受试者看到陌生人自然表达自己的照片时，他们对这些人的判断在十项性格特征中有九项是正确的。
Sometimes when we look at how others choose to generally represent themselves through unique fashion, photos, and poses, we may just be right in the basis of our first impressions.
有时候，当我们看到别人如何通过独特的时装、照片和姿势来表现自己时，我们的第一印象可能是正确的。
Now, the real trick is to know the intricacies of them, more than just how they choose to present themselves.
现在，真正的诀窍是了解它们的复杂性，而不仅仅是它们选择如何展示自己。
Number three, notice their posture.
第三，注意他们的姿势。
Posture can reveal a lot about someone.
姿势可以透露一个人的很多信息。
Maybe they hold their head high because they've had a good day, or maybe they're slumping in their seat because they didn't quite get a full night's rest.
也许他们高昂着头是因为他们度过了美好的一天，也许他们瘫坐在座位上是因为他们没有得到一个完整的休息。
According to Judith Orloff, M.D., notice if someone holds their head high in a manner of confidence or maybe they have a strong ego and puff out their chest.
根据朱迪斯·奥洛夫医学博士的说法，注意是否有人以一种自信的方式昂着头，或者他们有很强的自我意识，并鼓起胸膛。
Orloff also notes, walking in an indecisive manner with your head low and cowered could be a sign of low self-esteem in some cases.
奥洛夫还指出，在某些情况下，走路不果断、低着头或畏缩不前可能是缺乏自尊的迹象。
Posture can reveal so much about how someone is feeling for the day, so keep an eye out.
姿势可以透露一个人这一天的心情，所以要留意。
If they're falling asleep in their chair during class time, you don't need to be Sherlock Holmes to guess how tired they are.
如果他们上课时在椅子上睡着了，就算你不是福尔摩斯也能猜出他们有多累。
Number four, notice what they're wearing.
第四，注意他们的穿着。
According to Personality Psychologist at the University of Texas, Sam Gosling, we should notice what people choose to tell us about their appearance.
根据德克萨斯大学人格心理学家山姆·高斯林的说法，我们应该注意到人们选择告诉我们他们的外表。
Gosling calls these signs identity claims, and they can include little things like what they wear, tattoos, bumper stickers, to even our screensaver.
高斯林把这些标志称为身份声明，它们可以包括一些小东西，比如他们穿什么，纹身，保险杠贴纸，甚至我们的屏幕保护程序。
Gosling explains that identity claim are deliberate statements that we make about our attitude, goals, values, et cetera.
高斯林解释说，身份声明是我们对自己的态度、目标、价值观等做出的有意声明。
One of the things that are really important to keep in mind about identity claims is because these are deliberate, many people assume we are being manipulative with them, and we're being disingenuous.
关于身份声明我们需要记住的一件重要的事情是，因为这是故意的，很多人认为我们在操纵他们，我们是虚伪的。
But I think there's little evidence to suggest that that goes on.
但我认为几乎没有证据表明这种情况会发生。
I think, generally, people really do want to be known.
我认为，一般来说，人们确实希望被了解。
They'll even do that at the expense of looking good. They'd rather be seen authentically than positively, if it came down to that choice.
他们甚至会以外表好看为代价。如果归结为那个选择的话，他们宁愿被真实地看待，而不是积极地看待，如果归结为那个选择的话。
So, pay attention to what people want to convey about themselves. They're likely truthful to a good degree.
所以，注意人们想要传达的关于自己的信息。他们可能在很大程度上是真实的。
Number five, pay attention to their normal behavior and personality.
第五，注意他们的正常行为和个性。
Each of us has our own unique mannerisms and behaviors that reflect our personality.
我们每个人都有自己独特的反映我们个性的习惯和行为。
It's important to get a baseline for how someone acts before jumping to conclusions.
在得出结论之前，了解他人的行为方式非常重要。
If you notice someone is nervously tapping their foot at your party,
如果你注意到有人在你的派对上紧张地踱着脚，
does that mean they have something to hide, or do they just not like parties, or simply have a habit of tapping their foot?
这是否意味着他们有什么要隐藏的，或者他们只是不喜欢聚会，或者只是有踱脚的习惯？
Once you get the baseline on their common behavior and personality, you'll have an easier time reading them when they deviate from their normal behavior.
一旦你了解了他们的一般行为和性格，当他们偏离正常行为时，你就更容易读懂他们了。
And, number six, look out for certain facial expressions.
第六，注意某些面部表情。
There are a few common facial expressions that can give way to what someone is really thinking or feeling.
有一些常见的面部表情可以让位于某人的真实想法或感受。
When someone's jaw is clenched and they grind their teeth, that can be a sign of tension. Someone may just be feeling bitter, angry, or contempt, if their lips are pursed.
当某人咬紧牙关，磨牙时，这可能是紧张的迹象。 噘起嘴唇的人可能只是在感到痛苦、愤怒或轻蔑。
Deep frown lines forming? You can bet they're definitely worried or overthinking.
形成了深深的皱纹? 你可以打赌，他们肯定是担心或想多了。
Wanna know if someone is genuinely smiling in delight? Look for what is called a Duchenne Smile.
想知道他人是否真的在高兴地微笑吗? 寻找所谓的杜乡式微笑。
According to Healthline, this occurs when the zygomaticus major muscle lifts the corners of your mouth at the same time the orbicularis oculi muscles lift your cheeks and crinkle your eyes at the corners.
根据健康热线的说法，当颧大肌提起嘴角，同时眼轮匝肌提起你的脸颊并在嘴角皱起眼睛的时候，就会发生这种情况。
It's the type of smile that reaches up to your eyes, causing those wrinkles, known as crow's feet, to appear.
这种微笑会一直延伸到你的眼睛，导致皱纹，也就是鱼尾纹的出现。
This type of smile appears when someone is genuinely happy as opposed to a polite and kind smile or even a forced smile. And there could even be an easier way to interpret different smiles.
这种微笑出现在一个人真正高兴的时候，而不是礼貌、友好的微笑，甚至是勉强的微笑。甚至有一种更简单的方法来解释不同的微笑。
Cardiff University's Magdalena Rychlowska and her colleagues of researchers developed a classification of smiles and their effect on others with the help of a complex modeling program used in 2017.
卡迪夫大学的玛格达莱娜·里奇洛夫斯卡和她的同事们借助 2017 年使用的复杂建模程序，开发了一种微笑分类以及研究它们对其他人的影响。
When you're giving positive feedback, you can often show what Rychlowska calls the Reward Smile.
当你给予积极的反馈时，你通常可以表现出里赫洛夫斯卡所说的奖励微笑。
This is when your lips are naturally pulled directly upwards and eyebrows lift, and you form small dimples at the sides of your mouth.
这是指你的嘴唇会自然地直接向上拉，眉毛会向上抬起，嘴巴两侧会形成小酒窝。
The Dominance Smile communicates friendship and liking.This includes pressing your lips together along with the appearance of the small dimples.
主导微笑传达友谊和喜爱。 这包括抿紧嘴唇，露出小酒窝。这包括抿紧嘴唇，露出小酒窝。
Lastly, the dominance smile is when your upper lip is raised, you wrinkle your nose, and your cheeks get pushed upwards while smiling.
最后，强势微笑是当你微笑时，上唇扬起，鼻子皱起来，脸颊向上推。
During this smile, you raise your upper lids, and you sort of sneer, with the indentation between your nose and mouth naturally deepening.
在这个微笑的过程中，你抬起上眼睑，有点冷笑，鼻子和嘴巴之间的凹陷会自然加深。
So if you happen to notice someone you've been recently talking to using the Dominance Smile,
所以，如果你碰巧注意到最近和你说话的人用强势微笑，
they may just be trying to be your friend, unless they're smiling in their sleep, then maybe they're just really tired and having a good dream.
他们可能只是想成为你的朋友，除非他们在睡梦中微笑，也许他们只是真的很累，做了个好梦。
So, do you think you'll be able to read others better now with a bit of practice? Are you the next Sherlock Holmes in the making? Tell us in the comments section down below.
那么，你认为通过一些练习，能更好地读懂别人的意思吗? 你是下一个夏洛克·福尔摩斯吗? 请在下面的评论区告诉我们。
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还是同往常一样谢谢观看。
