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What is Stye?
什么是麦粒肿？
Before we answer this question, we need to know about anatomy.
在回答这个问题之前，我们需要了解解剖学。
Both of our eyes have eye lashes arranged in 2 to 3 rows anteriorly along the eyelid margins.
我们两只眼睛的睫毛都沿着眼睑边缘排成2到3排。
Each eye lash follicle is associated with oil secreting glands called glands of Zeis.
每个睫毛毛囊都与分泌油脂的蔡氏腺相关联。
Another oil secreting glands called Meibomian glands are also present in the dense connective tissue plates also known as tarsal plates, which also provide skeletal support and are placed posteriorly in the eye lid.
另一种油脂分泌腺体叫睑板，也存在于致密结缔组织板中，被称为跗骨板，它也提供骨骼支撑，位于眼睑后部。
External Hordeolum or Stye
外部麦粒肿
Hordeolum that is latin for barley, a type of cereal grain, is a medical term used for a swelling in the eye lid resembling a grain of barley.
“Hordeolum”在拉丁语中是大麦（一种谷类谷物）的意思，是一个医学术语，用来形容类似于大麦粒的眼睑肿胀。
Stye or External Hordeolum is an acute infection usually from staphylococcal bacteria of the lash follicle and the associated glands of zeis.
外麦粒肿是一种急性感染，引起感染的细菌通常来自睫毛毛囊及其相关腺体中的葡萄球菌。
Same infection occurring in Meibomian glands is called internal hordeolum.
同样的感染发生在睑板腺，称为内麦粒肿。
Signs and Symptoms
临床表现
Patient will present with:
患者会出现以下症状：
- a tender swelling in the lid margin.
眼睑边缘有轻微肿胀。
- swelling pointing anteriorly through the skin with a lash at its apex.
肿胀在前方穿过皮肤，顶端有一根睫毛。
- redness and edema may also be present.
也可能出现红肿。
It can also appear as multiple lesions as infection can spread from one lash follicle to the next.
也可以表现为多个病变，因为感染可能会从一个睫毛毛囊传播到下一个毛囊。
It can also lead to pre-septal cellulitis.
它还可能导致前中隔蜂窝织炎。
Treatment
治疗
It may occasionally resolve by itself.
它有时可能会自己消失。
The eye lash should be plucked to promote drainage if the pus point is present.
如果有脓点，应该拔掉睫毛以促进引流。
Hot compresses should be done to localize the infection (pus point) and also for patient comfort.
应对感染部位（脓点）进行局部热敷，可使患者感到舒适。
Oral antibiotics may be given especially in diabetic patients and recurrent cases as oral antibiotics reach the internal eyelid structures more easily than eye drops.
由于口服抗生素比滴眼液更容易到达眼睑内部结构，因此可口服抗生素，特别是对于糖尿病患者和复发病例。
Topical antibiotic ointment should be applied to prevent adjacent infection.
局部使用抗生素软膏，以防止邻近感染。
Treat associated blepharitis if present.
如有，还需要治疗相关的睑缘炎。
Incision and drainage may be required in severe cases.
严重患者可能需要切开引流。
