评论
打印
If this other person is in my way, if they're a constant thorn in my side, the other solution is to eliminate them in some way.
如果这个人妨碍了我，如果他们一直是我的眼中钉，一个解决办法就是以某种方式消除他们。
That could mean they're fired.
这可能意味着他们被解雇。
It could mean canceling them.
这可能意味着不支持他们。
That could mean physical violence.
这可能意味着身体暴力。
When people are locked in a mimetic rivalry, it's an infinite game.
当人们被锁定在一个模仿性的竞争中时，这是一个无限的游戏。
There's no way to resolve the one-upping.
没有单方面能够解决的问题。
And that's because there's very little awareness in society of the mimetic mechanism.
而这是因为社会上对模仿机制的认识非常少。
So the first step to breaking out of a rivalry is simply to be aware that you're in one.
因此，走出竞争的第一步就是要意识到你在竞争中。
If we're not aware that we're rivalrous, that this is a zero sum game that isn't going to end well, there's really no hope of breaking out of it, except for some kind of outside intervention.
如果我们没有意识到我们是竞争对手，没有意识到这是一个不会有好结果的零和游戏，那么除了某种外部干预外，我们真的没有希望突破它。
Lamborghini realized that that rivalry with Ferrari could take him to places he didn't want to go.
兰博基尼意识到，与法拉利的竞争可能给他带来不想要的结果。
Everybody at the company wanted him to enter the racing business.
公司的每个人都希望他进入赛车行业。
He could spend the rest of his days consumed with constantly one upping this Titan of auto manufacturing.
他可以在余下的日子里，不断地超越这个汽车制造业的泰坦巨人。
He took a step back and he saw that he didn't want the rivalry to last.
但他退了一步，他看到他不希望这种竞争持续下去。
He wanted to be his own person and not constantly be tethering his ideas of success to Enzo Ferrari.
他想成为自己，而不是不断地将自己的成功理念与恩佐-法拉利联系在一起。
So when we realize that our desires don't originate with us, it frees us up.
因此，当我们意识到我们的欲望不是源于我们自己，它就会使我们得到解放。
As humans, we have agency, we have freedom to rise above that base mimetic nature, and to choose the way that we're going to respond.
作为人类，我们有代理权，我们有自由来超越那基本的模仿性，并选择我们要回应的方式。
At some level, people have to do the hard work of renunciation.
在某种程度上，人们必须克制自己，虽然这很难做到。
That's not a word that we use very often these days, but it's renouncing and overriding our mimetic impulse to constantly hit back, to constantly seek that next thing.
克制自己不是一个我们现在经常使用的词，但它是放弃和推翻我们不断反击的模仿性冲动，进而不断寻求下一个东西。
Ferruccio Lamborghini decided to renounce the temptation to enter the racing business, and to extract himself for what could have been a game of obsession and never-ending rivalry with Ferrari until the end of his life.
费鲁基欧-兰博基尼决定放弃进入赛车业的诱惑，停止永无休止的与法拉利的竞争，直到自己生命的尽头。
It's not that he didn't care about making beautiful cars or didn't care about his company anymore.
这并不是说他不关心制造漂亮的汽车或不再关心他的公司。
It's that he knew that a time had come for a pivot.
而是他知道，一个转折的时刻已经到来。
And the pivot for Lamborghini, allowed him to live a very fulfilling life.
兰博基尼的转折使他能够过上非常充实的生活。
And his company continued, without his personal animosity towards Enzo Ferrari coloring his entire company for the next 50 years.
他的公司继续发展，在接下来的50年里，他对恩佐-法拉利的个人敌意没有给他的整个公司带来好处。
Forgiveness is also a very anti-mimetic action to take.
宽恕也是一种非常反模仿的行为。
Kind of goes against every fiber in our being, because we're highly mimetic when it comes to conflict, when it comes to violence.
这有点违背了我们思考，因为当涉及到冲突，涉及到暴力时，我们是高度模仿性的。
Eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth. We have to break the cycle of logic through this supernatural act.
以眼还眼，以牙还牙。我们必须通过这种超自然的行为打破逻辑的循环。
Forgiveness goes beyond the rational.
宽恕超越了理性。
It's getting at this great power that we have as human beings, to choose not the instinctual reaction.
它涉及到我们作为人类所拥有的这种伟大的力量，即选择不做本能的反应。
Getting out of that transactional mindset, incorporating things like empathy and forgiveness is really important.
走出这种交易性的心态，把同理心和宽恕这样的东西纳入其中，真的很重要。
When we listen to another person with empathy, we can quickly break through a negative mimetic cycle, because people want to imitate the empathy that they received.
当我们用同理心倾听另一个人时，我们可以迅速突破负面的模仿循环，因为人们想要模仿他们获得的的同理心。
One tactic I recommend to my students is to actually write a letter of gratitude to somebody that might be a rival to them.
我向我的学生推荐的一个策略是，他们可以给他们的对手写一封感谢信。
That's a great way to kill it right away, in most cases.
在大多数情况下，这是一个马上就能消除模仿性的好方法。
Not always, not everybody responds positively to that kind of a thing.
但并非总是如此，不是每个人都对这种事情有积极的反应。
But to be able to step back and to make a gesture of empathy can change a negative mimetic cycle into a positive one, almost instantaneously.
但是，能够退后一步，做出同情的姿态，可以瞬间将一个消极的模仿循环改变为积极的。
The question is, will we actually be the one to take the first step?
问题是，我们真的会是那个迈出第一步的人吗？
Get smarter, faster, with videos from the world's biggest thinkers.
观看世界上最有智慧的思想家的视频，让我们更聪明，进步更快。
And to learn even more from the world's biggest thinkers, get Big Think Plus for your business.
要想学到更多东西，请关注Big Think Plus。
