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Our memories for what happened are not reality.
我们对所发生的事情的记忆并不是事实本身。
Your memory is not a video camera, recording a constant stream of every sight and sound you're exposed to.
你的记忆不是一台录像机，记录着你所接触到的每一个景象和声音的持续流。
Memory is part of our biology.
记忆是我们生物学的一部分。
So our brain is not separate from our body.
我们的大脑和我们的身体并不是分开的。
It's part of the whole system.
它是整个系统的一部分。
Human memory is amazing, and it's fallible.
人类的记忆力是惊人的，它也是易变的。
My name is Lisa Genova. I am an author and neuroscientist.
我是丽莎-吉诺瓦。我是一名作家和神经科学家。
The name of my book is "Remember: The science of memory and the art of forgetting."
我的书的名字是 "记住：记忆的科学和遗忘的艺术"。
Memory is the pattern of neural activity that represents the sights sound, smells, feelings, information, language that you experienced when you learn something in the first place, reactivated as a neural circuit in your brain.
记忆是神经活动的模式，代表着你当初学习某样东西时经历的景象、声音、气味、感觉、信息、语言，在你的大脑中作为神经回路重新激活。
There's a physical location where we process vision or language, or movement.
大脑中有一个物理位置，我们在那里处理视觉或语言，或运动。
But memory is different.
但记忆是不同的。
Memory is located throughout your brain in all of the disparate places that are involved in what that memory consists of.
记忆位于你整个大脑中的所有不同的地方，这些地方涉及到该记忆所包含的内容。
So if I'm thinking of the sight and sound of Mickey Mouse, I'll have neurons in the back of my head, that's my occipital cortex, my visual cortex will be activated.
因此，如果我想到了米老鼠的视觉和听觉，我脑后的神经元，也就是我的枕叶皮层，我的视觉皮层会被激活。
Those represent what Mickey Mouse looks like.
这些代表了米老鼠的样子。
But the sound of Mickey Mouse is located somewhere else.
但米老鼠的声音却在别的地方。
That's in my auditory cortex, sort of near my ears.
那是在我的听觉皮层，有点靠近我的耳朵。
And so the circuit, the memory will involve the activation of neurons in those very different places.
因此，脑回路，记忆会涉及到不同区域的神经元的激活。
Your hippocampus is your memory weaver.
你的海马体是记忆编织者。
This is the part of your brain that links together, the sights, the sounds, the smells, the feelings, the language, the information, so that they become connected into a neural circuit.
这是你大脑的一部分，它将景象、声音、气味、感觉、语言、信息联系在一起，使它们成为连接成一个神经回路。
Our human brains are pretty phenomenal at remembering what is meaningful, emotional, surprising or new, and what's repeated.
我们人类的大脑在记住有意义的、有情感的、令人惊讶的或新的、以及重复的东西方面是相当惊人的。
They're pretty bad at remembering what's same old, same old, been there, done that, not emotional, not repeated.
他们很不擅长记住那些老生常谈、已经存在、已经做过、没有情感、没有重复的东西。
Our brains are also great at remembering things that are visual and where those things are in space.
我们的大脑也很善于记住视觉上的东西，以及这些东西在空间中的位置。
Evolutionarily, it was really important for our survival for us to remember where the food is, where safety is, where the predators live.
从进化的角度来看，记住食物在哪里，安全在哪里，捕食者住在哪里，对我们的生存真的很重要。
So how accurate are our memories? It depends on which kind of memory we're talking about.
那么，我们的记忆有多准确？这取决于我们谈论的是哪种记忆。
There are three kinds of long-term memory.
有三种类型的长期记忆。
There's semantic memory.
一种是语义记忆。
Semantic memories are the facts and data, the information you learned in school, six times six, who was the first president, that kind of information.
语义记忆是事实和数据，你在学校学到的信息，6乘以6，谁是第一任总统，这类信息。
Also your biographical information, where you were born, your street address, your phone number.
还有你的传记信息，你在哪里出生，你的街道地址，你的电话号码。
So if we're talking about semantic memory, that's pretty stable and accurate.
因此，如果我们谈论的是语义记忆，那是相当稳定和准确的。
For example, if you learned that six times six is 36, when you were in the third grade, you're not gonna suddenly misremember that decades later as six times six is 75.
例如，如果你在三年级的时候学会了6乘以6是36，你不会在几十年后突然记错为6乘以6是75。
That's not going to happen.
这是不可能的。
