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Blood Groups and Blood Transfusion Disorders of Blood
血液的血型和输血障碍
What is blood?
什么是血？
There are various definitions which defines blood.
血液的定义有很多种。
In simple words, it is a red liquid which circulates in arteries and veins of humans and other vertebrate animals, carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body.
简单地说，它是一种红色液体，在人类和其他脊椎动物的动脉和静脉中循环，将氧气输送到身体组织，并将二氧化碳从身体组织中输送出去。
Other defines blood as vital principle of life.
另一些人将血液定义为生命的重要原则。
It is the mechanism of blood in bodies of living organism which can differentiate one individual from the other based on the presence or absence of specific antigens in blood.
它是生物体内血液的机制，可以根据血液中特定抗原的存在或不存在来区分个体。
This system is called Blood Group.
这个系统被称为血型。
There are four blood groups: A, B, AB and O blood groups.
有四种血型：A型、B型、AB型和O型。
While blood types are 100% genetically inherited, the environment can potentially determine which blood types in a population will be passed on more frequently to the next generation.
虽然血型是100%遗传的，但环境可能会决定一个群体中的哪些血型会更频繁地遗传给下一代。
Blood Type A : If the red blood cell has only "A" molecules on it.
A型血：红细胞上只有抗原“A”。
Blood Type B : If the red blood cell has only "B" molecules on it.
B型血：红细胞上只有抗原“B”。
Blood Type AB : If the red blood cell has a mixture of both "A" & "B" molecules.
AB型血：红细胞同时存在抗原“A”和“B”。
Blood Type O : If the red blood cell has neither "A" or "B" molecule.
O型血：红细胞既没有抗原“A”，也没有抗原“B”。
Blood Group Facts
血型信息
There are eight different common blood types, which are determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens, which are substances that can trigger an immune response if they are foreign to the human body.
常见的血型有八种，它们是由某些抗原的存在或缺失决定的，这些抗原是一种物质，如果它们是人体的外来物质，就可以触发免疫反应。
Since some antigens can trigger a patient's immune system to attack the transfused blood, safe blood transfusions depend on careful blood typing and cross-matching.
由于一些抗原可以触发患者的免疫系统攻击输入的血液，因此安全的输血依赖于仔细的血型鉴定和交叉配型。
Now the next turn is to know about an interesting factor known as Rh-factor, which can be either present (+) or absent (-).
接下来要了解一个有趣的因子，称为Rh因子，它可以是存在的(+)，也可以是不存在的(-)。
In general, Rh negative blood is given to Rh-negative patients, and Rh-positive blood or Rh-negative blood may be given to Rh positive patients.
一般情况下，Rh阴性患者输Rh阴性血，Rh阳性患者可输Rh阳性血或Rh阴性血。
