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Fast inflation began to kick in early last year, and many forecasters initially predicted that it would fade by the end of 2021 as the economy reopened from the pandemic and conditions returned to normal.
去年初开始出现快速通胀，许多预测者最初预测，随着经济从疫情中恢复，情况恢复正常，通胀将在2021年底前消退。
Instead, turmoil in supply chains collided with strong consumer demand for goods, and price gains accelerated.
供应链的动荡与消费者对商品的强劲需求相碰撞，反而导致价格加速上涨。
Now, it is hard to guess how quickly and how much prices will moderate in 2022 as conflict abroad threatens to keep shipping routes tangled and parts scarce.
现在，很难猜测到2022年，油价会以多快的速度、在多大程度上得到缓和，因为海外冲突可能导致航运路线混乱、零部件短缺。
Ukraine is an important producer of neon, which could keep computer chips in short supply, perpetuating the shortages that have plagued automakers.
乌克兰是重要的霓虹灯生产国，霓虹灯可能导致电脑芯片供应短缺，令困扰汽车制造商的短缺问题长期存在。
Higher energy costs could ricochet through other industries.
更高的能源成本可能会波及其他行业。
Even without further supply chain troubles, there are signs that inflation is widening beyond a few pandemic-affected sectors, an indication that they could last as the latest virus surge fades from view.
即使没有进一步的供应链问题，也有迹象表明，通胀正在扩大，超出了几个受疫情影响的行业，这表明随着最新的病毒激增逐渐淡出人们的视线，通胀可能会持续下去。
Rent of primary residences, for instance, climbed by 0.6 percent from the prior month — the fastest monthly pace of growth since 1999.
例如，主要住宅的租金比前一个月上涨了0.6%，这是1999年以来最快的月度增长速度。
Price gains have been rapid around much of the world, causing many central banks to scale back how much help they are providing to their economies.
全球大部分地区的价格上涨都很迅速，这导致许多各国央行缩减了对本国经济的帮助。
The European Central Bank on Thursday decided to speed up its exit from its bond-buying program as it tries to counter rising inflation.
欧洲央行周四决定加快退出债券购买计划，以应对不断上升的通胀。
Europe’s push to end its energy dependence on Russia promises to raise costs at a time when inflation is already nearly triple the central bank’s target.
在通胀已经接近央行目标的三倍之际，欧洲试图结束对俄罗斯能源依赖的努力，将提高成本。
In the United States, there are still reasons to think price gains will slow his year.
在美国，仍有理由认为今年价格上涨将放缓。
Beginning in March, the data will be compared to relatively high readings from last year, which should mechanically start to bring down the year-over-year measure.
从3月开始，这些数据将与去年相对较高的数据进行比较，数据会机械地开始降低同比指标。
But it is unclear when inflation will recede to the Fed’s 2 percent inflation goal.
但目前还不清楚通胀何时会回落到美联储2%的通胀目标。
The central bank defines that target using a separate inflation index, but one that is also up considerably.
美国央行使用一个单独的通胀指数来定义这一目标，但该指数也在大幅上升。
Rapid price increases have caused some people to adjust their lifestyles.
物价的快速上涨使一些人不得不调整他们的生活方式。
Timothy Gutbrod, who formerly worked as a stage actor, has been a driving instructor in Albany, N.Y., since March 2020, and the job pays him a little more than $30,000 per year.
蒂莫西·古特布罗德曾是一名舞美演员，自2020年3月以来，他一直在纽约州奥尔巴尼担任驾驶教练，这份工作的年薪略高于3万美元。
