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The name William Shakespeare is synonymous with great literature.
威廉·莎士比亚这个名字是伟大文学的代名词。
But it also belongs to a person who had a life outside his famous works.
但它也是一个在他的著名作品之外还有自己生活的人。
Did Shakespeare have a family?
莎士比亚有家庭吗？
In 1582, Shakespeare was married to Anne Hathaway -- not that one -- the daughter of a local landowner who was eight years senior to the 18-year-old bard.
1582年，莎士比亚与安妮·海瑟薇(Anne Hathaway)结婚--不是那个明星--当地一位地主的女儿，比18岁的莎士比亚大8岁。
They were married just six months before the birth of their first child, Susanna.
在他们的第一个孩子苏珊娜出生的六个月前，他们结婚了。
This scandalous timing, among other evidence, has suggested to some historians that their marriage was provoked by the pregnancy, not a passion fit for Shakespeare's own work.
除了其他证据外，这一不合时宜的时间也让一些历史学家认为，他们的婚姻是由怀孕引发的，而不是莎士比亚自己作品中的激情。
Nevertheless, the couple had two more children, twins Hamnet and Judith.
然而，这对夫妇又生了两个孩子，双胞胎哈姆尼特和朱蒂丝。
Sadly, Hamnet died at the age of 11 in 1596.
可悲的是，哈姆尼特于1596年去世，年仅11岁。
Whether this tragedy had an impact on Shakespeare's most famous tragic work Hamlet has been a matter of much debate.
这场悲剧是否对莎士比亚最著名的悲剧作品《哈姆雷特》产生了影响，一直是一个有很大争议的问题。
Shakespeare is most famous for his work as a playwright, having crafted more timeless classics than we have time to name drop in this video.
莎士比亚最著名的是他作为剧作家创作的作品，他创作了许多永恒经典作品。我们没时间在这一一列举了。
But he also wrote three whole plays about Henry VI that you probably weren't assigned in high school.
他也写了三部关于亨利六世的完整剧本，你们高中的时候可能没布置过相关内容。
How many plays did he write in all?
他总共写了多少部戏剧？
Believe it or not, historians aren't totally sure how many plays Shakespeare wrote.
信不信由你，历史学家们都不完全确定莎士比亚写了多少戏剧。
Scholarly consensus usually attributes 37 plays to him, but he's believed to have worked on more with other writers.
学术界的共识通常认为他创作了37部戏剧，但人们认为，他与其他作家合作的作品更多。
And some of his work may be lost to history.
他的一些作品可能会被载入史册。
Though Shakespeare is best known as a playwright, he wrote even more poems.
虽然莎士比亚以剧作家闻名，但他写的诗甚至更多。
In fact, some of his most famous turns of phrase come from his sonnets.
事实上，他的一些最著名的措辞来自他的十四行诗。
Just how many sonnets did he write?
他到底写了多少首十四行诗？
In fact, Shakespeare wrote dozens of them, 154 in all.
事实上，莎士比亚写了几十本书，总共154本。
Some of us would have quit after nailing it with "Sonnet 18," which begins "shall I compare thee to a summer's day."
我们中的一些人可能完成十四行诗第18首就放弃了，这首诗的开头是“我能否把你比作夏日？”
But Shakespeare kept writing.
但莎士比亚继续写作。
By "Sonnet 130," he decided "my mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun."
在《十四行诗130》中，他断定“我爱人的眼睛一点也不像太阳，”
So maybe poetry had lost a little of its romance for him by then.
所以也许那时诗歌对他来说已经失去了一些浪漫。
Though Shakespeare has been called the immortal bard, the man himself was as mortal as any other.
虽然莎士比亚被称为不朽的吟游诗人，但他自己和其他人一样是凡人。
But what grim fate deprived the world of such a talent?
但是，是什么残酷的命运剥夺了世界上这样一个人才？
How did Shakespeare die?
莎士比亚是怎么死的？
That answer, unfortunately, is a mystery.
不幸的是，这个答案是个谜。
The only hint we have is a journal entry written by the vicar of a local church.
我们唯一的线索就是当地教堂牧师写的日记。
He claimed that Shakespeare, Drayton, and Ben Jonson had a merry meeting and, it seems, drank too hard.
他声称莎士比亚、德雷顿和本·琼森有过一次愉快的会面，而且似乎喝得太多了。
For Shakespeare died of a fever there contracted.
因为莎士比亚是在那里染上热病而死的。
Some scholars have suggested this is evidence Shakespeare died of typhus.
一些学者认为，这是莎士比亚死于斑疹伤寒的证据。
But as the journal entry was written some 50 years later and no one has been able to verify it, we may never know the truth.
但由于这篇日记是在大约50年后写的，没有人能够核实它，我们可能永远不会知道真相。
Some 400 years after his death, Shakespeare is still required reading in high school English classes.
在莎士比亚去世大约400年后，高中英语课上仍然需要阅读莎士比亚的作品。
What is it about the bard that makes his work relevant today?
是什么让这位吟游诗人的作品与今天息息相关?
He may have lived nearly half a millennium ago, but Shakespeare's plays dealt with topics that we still struggle with today.
他可能生活在近五千年前，但莎士比亚的戏剧涉及的话题，我们今天仍在不断斗争。
Themes like family, war, bigotry, morality, and falling in love transcend time and even language.
家庭、战争、偏执、道德和恋爱等主题超越了时间，甚至超越了语言。
His characters have an emotional reality that resonates in translations and adaptations across the world.
他笔下的人物有着真实的情感，在世界各地的翻译和改编中引起了共鸣。
