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Heat stroke is an illness marked by an elevation in the body's temperature, usually as a result of prolonged exposure to high temperature.
中暑是一种以体温升高为特征的疾病，通常是由于长时间暴露在高温中造成的。
Heat stroke results in a body temperature greater than 40℃(104℉), or higher.
中暑会导致体温超过40℃(104℉)或更高。
The condition is most common in the summer months and it is the most serious heat-related illness.
这种情况在夏季最常见，是最严重的高温相关疾病。
Heat stroke is a medical emergency and can be fatal if not promptly and properly treated.
中暑需要紧急抢救，如果治疗不及时、不恰当，可能会致命。
Untreated heat stroke can quickly damage multiple organs including the brain, lungs, liver, muscles, digestive tracts, circulatory system and kidneys.
未经治疗的中暑病情，会迅速损害多个器官，包括大脑、肺、肝脏、肌肉、消化道、循环系统和肾脏。
The longer treatment is delayed, the more the damage worsens, increasing the risk of serious complications and even death.
治疗拖延的时间越长，损害就越严重，严重并发症甚至死亡的风险就会大大增加。
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that the condition kills more than 600 people in the United States each year.
据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)评估，美国每年有600多人死于这种疾病。
There are two types of heat stroke: exertional and non-exertional.
中暑有两种类型：劳力性中暑和非劳力性中暑。
Exertional heat stroke occurs in people whose bodies are no longer able to adapt to rising temperatures due to intense physical activities, such as exercising or working in hot weather.
劳力性中暑通常发生在那些因剧烈运动（如在炎热的天气锻炼或工作），身体无法适应温度上升的人身上。
Non-exertional heat stroke occurs in people who are unable to adapt well to an increasingly hot temperature in a hot environment.
而非劳力性中暑通常发生在那些在炎热的环境下，无法很好地适应日益升高的温度的人身上。
Causes:
病因：
Exposure to a hot environment; strenuous work in hot weather or a heated room; dehydration; alcohol consumption; wearing excess clothing.
暴露于炎热的环境中；在炎热的天气或高温房间里做艰苦的工作；脱水；饮酒；衣服穿得过多。
Anybody can develop heat stroke. But certain factors that may increase your risk are:
任何人都可能中暑。但某些因素可能会增加你中暑的风险：
Age. Children under the age of 4 are at an increased risk because their central nervous system isn't fully developed, and the ability of their body to regulate temperature is more difficult.
年龄。4岁以下的儿童中暑风险会更高，因为他们的中枢神经系统还没有发育完全，他们身体调节体温的能力更差一些。
Adults aged 65 and above are also at an increased risk, because the central nervous system begins to deteriorate with age, making the body less able to cope with temperature changes.
65岁及以上的成年人中暑风险也很高，因为随着年龄的增长，中枢神经系统开始退化，从而使身体应对温度变化的能力下降。
A lack of air-conditioning; a sudden exposure to hot weather.
此外，还有这些因素：没有空调；突然暴露在炎热的天气下。
Certain medications that may affect the body's ability to stay hydrated, such as medications used to treat high blood pressure,
以及可能会影响身体保持水分的能力的某些药物，比如用于治疗高血压的药物，
such as beta blockers, diuretics, some antidepressants and cocaine.
如β受体阻滞剂、利尿剂、一些抗抑郁药和可卡因。
Certain health condition such as obesity, heart disease, lung disease. A previous history of heat stroke.
某些健康问题，如肥胖、心脏病、肺病。以及曾有中暑史。
Symptoms:
症状：
The high body temperature of 40℃ or higher; agitation; slurred speech; loss of consciousness; rapid breathing; a headache; increased heart rate;
体温在40℃甚至更高；焦虑不安；口齿不清；意识丧失；呼吸急促；头痛；心率加快；
red skin, the skin may turn red as the temperature increases; excessive sweating.
皮肤发红，随着温度升高，皮肤可能会变红；出汗过多。
Diagnosis and treatment:
诊断与治疗：
Diagnosis may be made on your symptoms, but the doctor may decide to run tests to confirm the diagnosis or check for complications.
诊断是基于你的症状做出的，但医生可能会通过一些检测来确认诊断或检查并发症。
A blood test to check potassium and sodium levels to help determine if you are dehydrated.
通过血液检查，来观察你身体中钾和钠的含量，以帮助确定你是否脱水。
The blood tests may also be used to check the content of gases in the blood to see if there has been any damage to the central nervous system.
血液检查也可用于检查血液中的气体含量，以确定中枢神经系统是否受到损害。
A urine test to check for the color of the urine, a darker urine may indicate the heat-related condition.
通过尿液检查，来观察你尿液的颜色，较深的尿液可能表明存在与高温有关的病症。
The urine test is also used to check the function of a kidney.
尿液检查也被用来检查肾脏的功能。
Muscle function test may be performed to check for serious damage to the muscle tissue.
肌肉功能测试，可用于检查肌肉组织是否受到严重损伤。
X-ray and other imaging tests to check for any damage to the internal organs.
用x光和其他影像学检查，看你的内脏是否有损伤。
Treatment:
治疗：
Treatment is aimed at cooling the body to a normal temperature to prevent complications.
治疗是将你的身体冷却到正常温度，以防止并发症。
The doctor may: immerse you in cold water; wrap you in a special cooling blanket; pack you in ice.
医生可能会：将你浸泡在冷水中；用特制的冷却毯包裹你；给你个冰袋。
In cases where the treatments make you shiver, the doctor may give you medications to stop the shiver.
在治疗过程中，如果你出现了颤抖的情况，医生可能会给你服用药物来停止颤抖。
Home remedies such as rehydrating, taking a cool shower or bath, cooling off with a fan or damp sheet, going to a shady or air-conditioned place may help.
家庭疗法，如补水，洗个冷水澡，用风扇或湿床单降温，去阴凉或有空调的地方。
