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Hardware is the easiest one to think about, the new devices that we will use, augmented reality, virtual reality, wearable devices.
硬件是最容易考虑的，我们会使用的新设备，增强现实，虚拟现实，可穿戴设备。
But we should also think of a world filled with sensors, scanning cameras, projection cameras that allow us to be actively within the Metaverse without actually holding a device in front of us.
但我们也应该设想一个到处都是传感器、扫描摄像头和投影摄像头的世界，这些摄像头能让我们在元宇宙内活动，而不需要把设备拿在手里。
Networking: what we need for the internet is really unprecedented bandwidth, that's the amount of data that can be transmitted per second, as well as latency, how quickly data can go from one end to another.
网络：关于互联网，我们真正需要的是前所未有的带宽，即每秒可以传输的数据量，以及时延，即数据从一端传到另一端的速度。
Computing power: the computational requirements for the Metaverse far exceed anything that we've ever contended with before- and just as a sidebar- we've always had scarcity of computing resources because we always want to do more than we can, and this will require more than we ever conceive.
计算能力：元宇宙对计算的要求超过以往的任何东西--就像附带功能一样--我们一直缺乏计算资源，因为我们总是心有余而力不足，而元宇宙的需求会远远超乎想象。
We also need to think of virtual platforms themselves.
我们还需要考虑虚拟平台本身。
These are, for most people, how they will directly interface with the Metaverse.
对大多数人来说，虚拟平台就是他们直接与元宇宙交互的方式。
These are the 3D-rendered worlds and experiences themselves.
那是3D渲染的世界和体验本身。
Some virtual worlds are intended purely for entertainment.
一些虚拟世界纯粹是为了娱乐而设计的。
Others are for professional work, training- some represent reality as we know it, others distort that version of reality.
另一些则用于专业的工作和培训--一些代表了我们所知的现实，另一些则扭曲了现实。
Think of this like Disney's Marvel Universe as it reflects Manhattan.
想象一下迪士尼的漫威宇宙，它对曼哈顿的呈现形式。
Not exactly right, but clearly Manhattan.
虽然与现实不完全相符，但那明显就是曼哈顿。
We also need to think about interchange and interoperability standards.
我们还需要考虑互换和互操作性标准。
These are the technologies that bring together different autonomous experiences, things like the domain registry, IP addresses, so that different networks, different pages, could identify one another, and know how to talk to one another.
这些技术将不同的自主体验结合在一起，比如域注册、IP地址，以便不同的网络、不同的页面可以相互识别，并知道如何相互沟通。
Payment rails is where we start to enter blockchain theory.
支付轨道就涉及到区块链了。
If the Metaverse economy is to be large, thriving, diverse, and healthy, we need it to have a robust network upon which payments are processed.
如果元宇宙的经济体非常庞大、蓬勃发展、非常多样化且健康，我们就需要一个强大的网络来应对支付问题。
And then lastly, we have what I call CAIS: content, assets, and identity services.
最后，就是我所说的CAI：内容、资产和身份服务。
This is essentially what fills the Metaverse.
这些东西在元宇宙里很常见。
In some regard, what I've described is like saying a mall is a vibrant ecosystem.
在某些方面，我所描述的元宇宙就像把购物中心比作一个充满活力的生态系统一样。
The escalator, maybe that's your hardware, the store, that's your virtual platform- but no matter how robust that is, even if you have an integrated economy, you need people within it, and you need the supporting infrastructure for actual human life.
比如，自动扶梯可能是你的硬件设备，商店就是你的虚拟平台--但无论它有多么强大，哪怕它拥有一体化的经济，它也需要人，需要能支持现实生活的基础设施。
So to bring this back to the Metaverse as a parallel plane of existence- why is it important?
我们再说回作为平时时空的元宇宙--为什么它很重要？
Why do people believe it's real?
为什么人们相信它是真的？
Take a look at education: we're visual and experiential learners, but papier-mache, baking soda and vinegar for a volcano, only goes so far.
我们来看看教育：我们是视觉性和经验性学习者，能用纸质材料、小苏打和醋制造出火山，但也仅此而已。
Imagine being able to produce that in a rich, real-time simulation alongside your friend to physically agitate the magma, then be expelled into the atmosphere.
想象一下，如果你能在丰富的实时模拟中，和朋友一起造出这种物质，还能搅动它，让它释放到空气中。
There are many individual examples that are even harder to imagine.
还有很多更难想象的例子。
Johns Hopkins University is now performing live patient spinal surgery using game engine-rendering technology.
约翰霍普金斯大学现在正在使用游戏引擎渲染技术给患者做脊柱手术。
The U.S. and British militaries are using Unreal Engine for simulation training for active combat.
美国和英国军队正在使用虚幻引擎对主动作战进行模拟训练。
Cities are being designed with graphics-based computing.
人们正在用以图形为基础的计算来设计城市。
There are airports that aren't just using cameras to see where you are for security reasons, but to simulate the flow of people, the tarmac, the impact of a weather delay.
有些机场不仅为了安全，用摄像头来查看你的位置，还使用摄像头来模拟人流、停机坪以及天气延误产生的影响。
The Hong Kong International Airport is live-operated using the Unity Game Engine.
香港国际机场使用的是Unity Game引擎来进行现场运营的。
Much of the world around you is already running graphics-based computing.
你周围的世界，有很多地方已经在依靠基于图形的计算运行了。
You're in a live 3D simulation and you just don't know it.
你就生活在一个实时的3D模拟中，你只是不知道而已。
So why do we need to learn about it now?
那么，为什么我们现在需要了解它呢？
Most forecasts believe that by the end of this decade, the Metaverse will likely be between $6 and $13 trillion.
大多数预测认为，到本世纪末，元宇宙将达到6万亿至13万亿美元的规模。
And as the world's largest companies plow forward, we need to understand what the potential consequences will be.
随着世界上最大的公司在这一领域艰难前行，我们需要了解它的潜在后果是什么。
The ills, the side effects of digital transformation, of 'technocracy,' of digital hegemony.
数字化转型的弊端、“技术官僚”的副作用、数字霸权的副作用。
How do we trade off societal well-being with economic incentives, with technological innovation, with driving strong entrepreneurship, being a part of a globally thriving society, as well as a nationally thriving economy?
我们如何在社会福利与经济激励、技术创新、推动强大的企业家精神、成为全球繁荣社会的一部分以及国家繁荣经济之间进行权衡？
And so the only way to contend with that is to be smart.
因此，应对这一问题的唯一方法就是要聪明。
We believe that data rights aren't what they should be, we believe that the concentration of power has become too high, online happiness isn't where it needs to be, and that algorithms have become too powerful in shaping societal views.
我们认为数据权没有达到应有的水平、权力过于集中、网上的快乐并没有价值、算法在塑造社会观点方面过于强权。
If we want to affect change now, right now, as we start to shift to what's next, is the time to educate.
如果我们现在想要影响改变，现在，此时此刻，就是接受教育的时候。
And so, having a better sense of what's around the corner is essential to being informed, and being informed allows us to positively affect the world we live in, real and non-real.
我们需要对未来即将发生的事情有更多认知，而知情以后，我们才能积极地影响我们所生活的世界，无论它是真实的还是虚拟的。
