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For good and ill, beer-making took some big steps forward during the Industrial Revolution.
无论是好是坏，啤酒制造业在工业革命期间向前迈进了一大步。
Emerging technologies like steam power and refrigeration led to a tastier, more consistent, and easier-to-brew beverage.
蒸汽动力和制冷等新兴技术让啤酒更美味、味道更稳定、更容易酿造。
Industrialization and globalization also paved the way for the widespread consolidation of the modern beer industry.
工业化和全球化也为现代啤酒业的广泛发展铺平了道路。
When Anheuser-Busch InBev acquired SABMiller for more than 100 billion dollars in 2016, the resulting conglomerate contained over 500 beverage brands and accounted for over a quarter of global beer market sales, according to market research firm Euromonitor International.
根据市场研究公司欧睿国际的数据，2016年，百威英博以超过1000亿美元的价格收购了英国南非米勒酿酒公司，合并后的企业集团拥有500多个饮料品牌，销售额超过全球啤酒市场的四分之一。
Many of the “craft beers” you know may very well belong to a conglomerate like this.
你所知道的许多“精酿啤酒”很可能就属于这样的企业集团。
Because these giant beer-makers are also giant beer-distributors, with a big say in what brands up on store shelves, critics accuse them of reducing competition from independent producers and potentially stifling consumer choice.
由于这些大型啤酒制造商也是大型啤酒分销商，对商店货架上售卖什么品牌的啤酒有很大发言权，批评人士指责它们削弱了独立生产商的竞争力，并扼杀消费者的选择权。
InBev would presumably argue that their scale and history in the industry allows them to operate more efficiently, and honestly I'm a bit out of my depth to weigh in, but I do think it's interesting to note that you could buy a bottle of Budweiser or a bottle of Goose Island Bourbon County Stout and be supporting the same bottom line.
百威英博可能会辩称，他们在该行业的规模和历史允许它们更有效地进行产品运营，我可能这方面知道的知识不多，不太好发表见解，但你买一瓶百威或者买一瓶鹅岛波旁世涛，百威英博的净收入可能相同，这一点还是挺有意思的。
Which seems as complicated and good a time as any to ask: what's your favorite beer?
现在似乎是问这个问题的好时候：你最喜欢的啤酒是什么？
State your preference proudly in the comments below: remember, I'm not here to yuck anybody's yum, unless your yum is the phrase “yuck your yum,” which, let's face it, is objectively off-putting.
在评论中骄傲地说出你的喜好：记住，你不是来这里对其他人的喜好评头论足的，除非你的喜好就是“对其他人的喜好评头论足”，说实话，这在客观上来说挺让人讨厌的。
And because beer is so context-dependent, tell me what situation you would enjoy your quaff of choice.
因为本期主要就是关于啤酒，告诉我你喜欢在什么情况下喝你喜欢的啤酒。
Put me down for a Miller High Life, the champagne of beer, watching Jeopardy at my favorite bar, Do or Dive.
让我喝一杯啤酒中的香槟，米勒High Life，在我最喜欢的酒吧Do or Dive看《危险边缘》。
Although full disclosure: I'm more of a cider guy.
不过，我还是要说：我更喜欢喝苹果酒。
I can't wrap up without following through on that complete throwaway line I had up top about the Budweiser frogs.
我必须讲完百威青蛙的所有故事再结束。
If you're not familiar with them, it means you're younger than me, or that you live in a country whose popular culture isn't shaped by advertising campaigns launched during the Super Bowl.
如果你不对它熟悉，说明你比我年轻，或者你生活的国家流行文化不是由超级碗期间的广告活动塑造的。
During 1995's big game, a commercial featuring the three talking amphibians - Bud, Weis, and Er - aired, and for some reason, America fell in love.
在1995年的超级碗比赛期间，一个以三只会说话的两栖动物——巴德、韦斯和厄尔——为主角的广告播出了，不知道什么原因，美国人对它们一见钟情。
That spot was directed by Gore Verbinski, who would go on to direct the American remake of The Ring and the first three Pirates of the Caribbean films.
该片由戈尔·维宾斯基执导，他后来执导了美版《午夜凶铃》和《加勒比海盗》系列的前三部。
The frogs were brought to life by artists at Stan Winston's studio, the same legendary company that helped create the dinosaurs in Jurassic Park and The Terminator's titular cyborg.
这些青蛙是斯坦·温斯顿工作室的艺术家们创作的，这家传奇公司曾创造过《侏罗纪公园》中的恐龙和《终结者》名义上的半机械人。
That's five combined Academy Awards and billions in box office success, all in the service of selling a beer whose chief selling point, as far as I can tell, is… “it's beer.”
总计获得五项奥斯卡奖和数十亿美元票房的人们聚在一起，就是为了销售一款啤酒，据我所知，这款啤酒主要的卖点是……“它是啤酒”。
Mass-produced beer made from hops, grains, and yeast is standard today, but the brews of the past haven't disappeared completely.
如今，大量生产的啤酒都是由啤酒花、谷物和酵母酿制而成的，但过去的酿造方法并没有完全消失。
Resurrecting ancient beer recipes has become a popular pastime among home brewers.
复活古老的啤酒配方已经成为家庭酿酒商之间流行的消遣方式。
Even some commercial breweries have joined the trend.
甚至一些商业啤酒厂也加入了他们。
New Belgium makes gruit ale, and Dogfish Head collaborated with a molecular archeologist to recreate a beer based on residue collected from what may have been King Midas's tomb.
新比利时开始酿造gruit麦芽酒，而角鲨头与一位分子考古学家合作重新创造了一种啤酒，创作灵感可能是从迈达斯国王坟墓收集的残留物。
But the truth is, no matter what beer you reach for, you'll be drinking something that connects you to the very beginnings of civilization.
但事实是，无论你喝的是什么啤酒，它都能将你与文明的起源联系在一起。
Thanks for watching, and cheers.
感谢您的收看，干杯。
I'm gonna go have a real beer now, not a cartoon one.
我现在要去喝一杯真正的啤酒，不是动画做的。
Oop!
哎呀！
It's still fake, I taste nothing.
它还是假的，我什么都没尝到。
