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Still, it is important to emphasise that after all of the sweetener and cancer scares of the 20th century, there remains little independent evidence that sweeteners are carcinogenic in humans.
然而，有必要强调的是，在经历了20世纪甜味剂与癌症的恐慌之后，几乎没有独立证据表明甜味剂对人类致癌。
The new WHO report looked at a total of 48 studies on humans investigating possible links between non-sugar sweeteners and cancer, and found no significant association with cancer, with the possible exception of bladder cancer.
世卫组织的新报告共进行了48项人类研究，以调查非糖甜味剂与癌症之间的可能联系，结果发现，除膀胱癌外，甜味剂与癌症之间没有明显的联系。
(This latter finding was based on what the WHO calls “very low certainty evidence”, so it seems more research is needed.)
(关于膀胱癌的研究结果基于世卫组织所说的“确定性极低的证据”，因此，似乎还需进行更多的研究。)
Contrary to many of the scare stories circulating about sweeteners over the years, the WHO could find no statistically significant links between high diet soda consumption and brain cancer or breast cancer.
与多年来流传的诸多关于甜味剂的可怕故事相反，世界卫生组织没有发现低糖汽水摄入与脑癌或乳腺癌有统计学上的显著联系。
But asking whether sweeteners cause cancer is not the only way to determine whether they are “safe”.
但是，质疑甜味剂是否会致癌并不是确定它们是否“安全”的唯一方法。
What makes the new WHO draft guidelines a radical departure is that they do not focus on this or that particular variety of sweetener, and whether it may be carcinogenic.
世卫组织的新指南草案从根本上背离了这个方法，因为他们没有关注这种或那种特定的甜味剂，也没有关注甜味剂是否可能致癌。
The draft guidelines are far more sweeping.
这份指南草案内容更笼统。
They point out that there are “health effects” – specifically long-term weight gain and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes – associated not just with specific types of sweeteners, but with sweeteners in general.
他们指出，甜味剂存在“健康影响”——特别是长期体重增加与患二型糖尿病的风险增加——不仅与特定类型的甜味剂有关，而且与一般甜味剂有关。
They also note that simply replacing sugar with sweeteners will not improve “the overall quality of the diet”.
他们还指出，简单地用甜味剂取代糖并不能改善“整体的饮食质量”。
Instead of switching from sugar to sweeteners, the WHO says it would be better to eat more fruit and “minimally processed unsweetened foods and beverages”.
世卫组织表示，最好是多吃水果，多吃“不含糖的加工最少地食品和饮料”，而不是从糖转向甜味剂。
A high-sweetener diet traps people into eating a diet of “highly processed foods and beverages”, a diet that is far from healthy.
高甜味剂的饮食使人们陷入“深加工食品和饮料”的饮食中，这种饮食远称不上健康。
In 2019, when Vicky Sibson, a public health nutritionist at the charity First Steps Nutrition Trust, co-authored a report on artificial sweeteners and children’s diets in the UK, she was startled to find that there was no explicit public health messaging telling parents to avoid giving sweeteners to young children.
2019年，慈善机构First Steps Nutrition Trust的公共卫生营养师维姬·西布森与人合著了一份关于人工甜味剂和英国儿童饮食的报告，她惊讶地发现，没有明确的公共卫生信息告诉父母要避免给幼儿食用甜味剂。
Baby food manufacturers are not allowed to add sweeteners to their products, as they are additives and all additives are banned from foods and drinks for infants.
婴儿食品制造商不允许在产品中添加甜味剂，因为它们属于添加剂，英国禁止在婴儿食品和饮料中添加任何添加剂。
But because children in most households soon eat the same food as the adults, in the absence of advice to the contrary, many children end up consuming sweeteners from a young age.
不过，由于大多数家庭的孩子很快就会和成年人吃相同的食物，在缺乏相反建议的情况下，许多儿童从小就开始摄入甜味剂。
