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Meniere's disease is named after a French Doctor, Prosper Meniere, who found that this condition originated in the inner ear, not in the brain.
梅尼埃病（耳水不平衡）以法国医生普罗斯珀·梅尼埃的名字命名，他发现这种疾病起源于内耳，而不是大脑。
Meniere's disease is also known as primary idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops.
梅尼埃病也称为原发性特发性内淋巴积水。
It is a disorder of the inner ear where fluid is accumulated in the labyrinth or the semicircular canal.
它是一种内耳疾病，液体在迷路或半规管中积聚。
Meniere's disease has 4 main symptoms with one special characteristic:
梅尼埃病有4个主要症状和1个特殊特征：
They are periodic. Sometimes they are there, disturbing your day and social life.
它们的特征是周期性的。有时在那里，扰乱你的日常生活和社交生活。
Sometimes they are not, giving you false hope that the disease is gone. Until it returns later.
有时则不是，给你疾病消失的虚假希望。直到它晚些时候复发。
The symptoms are: Vertigo. You have a spinning sensation that starts and stops spontaneously.
四大症状分别是：眩晕。你有一种自发开始和停止的旋转感觉。
Two or more episodes of vertigo occur without warning and usually last between 20 minutes to 12 hours.
两次或更多次眩晕发作毫无征兆，通常持续20分钟至12小时。
Hearing Loss. Early on, you lose the ability to hear low to medium frequency sound, or a mixture of low and high frequency, when a vertigo occurs.
第二大症状：听力损失。早期，当眩晕发生时，你会失去听到低频到中频声音或低频和高频混合声音的能力。
But eventually, it may become permanent.
但最终，它可能会成为永久性的。
Tinnitus. It is the perception of hearing something, like buzzing, roaring,hissing, or whistling, when there is actually nothing.
第三大症状：耳鸣。是指实际上什么都没有时，你会听到某些东西的感觉，例如嗡嗡声、咆哮声、嘶嘶声或口哨声。
Aural Fullness. It is when the sufferer feels pressure or fullness in the affected ear.
第四大症状：耳闷胀感。是指患者受影响的耳朵中会有压力或膨胀感。
Cause. Scientists are still unsure about the cause of Meniere's disease.
下面看下病因。科学家们现在仍然不确定梅尼埃病的病因。
But currently, they think that it involves both internal factors, such as immune system disorder and poor fluid drainage;
但他们目前认为这既涉及内部因素，例如免疫系统紊乱和引流不畅；
and for external factors, such as infection and allergy.
以及外部因素，如感染和过敏。
Diagnosis. To confirm Meniere's Disease condition, the most important thing is your symptoms and medical history.
诊断。要确认梅尼埃病的状况，最重要的是你的症状和病史。
Tell your doctor as detail as possible.
要尽可能详细地把这些告诉你的医生。
Some of the many tests that can help are:
下面是一些可以提供帮助的检查。
Electronystagmography. The test can be used to check the inner ear function based on your eye movement.
眼震检查。该检查是基于你的眼球运动状况，检查内耳功能。
Pure Tone and Speech Audiometry. This is to confirm the hearing loss, and rule out the nerve as the cause of your symptoms.
纯音和言语测听。这是为了确认听力损失，并排除神经是你症状的原因。
Electrocochleography. This test put electrodes in your ear to measure the bioelectrical activity of the cochlea.
耳蜗电图。该检查是将电极放入你的耳朵，以测量耳蜗的生物电活动。
Multi-Frequency Tympanometry. It detects the resonance frequency of the tympanic membrane. It is non-invasive and can be done quickly.
多频鼓室测量法。这是用于检测鼓膜的共振频率。它是非侵入性的，可以快速完成。
Management. There is no curative medication for Meniere's disease yet,
最后看下治疗方法。目前尚无治疗梅尼埃病的药物，
but nausea, vomiting, and spinning sensation can be controlled by some medication, for example, antihistamine.
但可通过一些药物控制恶心、呕吐和旋转感，例如抗组胺药。
Surgery can also be an option, especially if the disease is in a later stage.
手术也是一种选择，特别是如果疾病处于后期阶段。
For example, endolymphatic sac procedure. The surgery is done to remove part of the mastoid bone to help access the sac and remove the fluid.
比如说内淋巴囊手术。这种手术是为了去除部分乳突骨，以帮助进入耳囊并去除液体。
Labyrinthectomy. This is when parts of the inner ears are removed, erasing the need for the balance and hearing functions.
迷路切除术。这是切除部分内耳，消除对平衡和听力功能的需求。
Vestibular Nerve Section. Parts of the nerve of the inner ear are surgery cut to correct vertigo.
前庭神经切除。手术切除内耳部分神经以矫正眩晕。
If further help is needed, seek communities or organizations that support hearing loss issues.
如果需要进一步的帮助，请寻求支持听力损失问题的社区或组织。
Rest assured. The disease you're currently suffering from can be managed, as long as you strive to get better.
放心。只要你努力变得更好，就可以控制你目前患有的疾病。
