1、 长成分
1)、长从句做主语、宾语及其他成分
a、 主语从句
b、 宾语从句
2)、长状语
3)、层层修饰
4)、并列成分
2、 常见倒装搭配
(1)、及物动词加介词：固定词组的固定搭配中，经常出现倒装情况，如：bring A to B，写作：bring to B A
例：Yet Waltzer’s argument, however deficient, does point to one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism-namely, that it brings to predominant positions in a society people who,no matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewards, often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.
类似的情况：throw over, insert into, import into, infer from, establish for, advocate as 等
(2)、及物动词加副词
例：make possible …(单词或者句子)
3、 省略的几种情况
(1)、重复的成分
(2)、让步转折的省略：如although (but)
(3)、定语从句引导词的省略which(that )
(4)、定语从句的引导词和系动词同时省略，变成后置定语
如：qualities(such as “the capacity for hard work”) essential in producing wealth
4、 短语被分割：如：
such as, so that, too to, more than, from A to B, between A and B
5、 多重否定：如：
Despite these vague categories, one should not claim unequivocally that hostility between recognizable classes cannot be legitimately observed .