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科学美国人60秒:线虫搭乘鼻涕虫内脏便车前往下一处食物来源

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Why did the tiny nematode worm cross the road?
Well, for all the usual reasons.
But a more interesting question is “how did it make the crossing?”
Turns out, it may have hitched a ride—inside a slug, or other invertebrate.
That's according to a study in the journal BMC Ecology.
Nematodes are about a millimeter long.
They're often found on decomposing fruits or rotting plants, where they feast on the resident bacteria.
But when that food source is exhausted, how do these diminutive diners make their way to their next meal, which could be in a mulch pile a major trek of several yards away?
To find out, researchers hit the compost heap, and they collected some 600 slugs and 400 centipedes, spiders, beetles, flies and locusts.
And they found that the innards of slugs, centipedes and woodlice are littered with live worms that the larger creepy crawlies accidentally ingested as they snacked.
But what becomes of these itinerant intestinal interlopers?
To solve that mystery, the researchers exposed 79 slugs to more than a million nematodes that had been tagged with a fluorescent marker.
And they saw that the worms not only survive a southbound trip through a slug's guts, they emerge none the worse for where-they've-been when their ride takes a bathroom break.
Sure, a chugging slug isn't exactly high-speed rail.
But its bacteria-filled belly means that, for the nematode passengers, the dining car is always open.

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survive [sə'vaiv]

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vt. 比 ... 活得长,幸免于难,艰难度过

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mystery ['mistəri]

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n. 神秘,秘密,奥秘,神秘的人或事物

 
director [di'rektə, dai'rektə]

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n. 董事,经理,主管,指导者,导演

 
surveyor [sə:'veiə]

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n. 测量员,检查人员

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bacteria [bæk'tiəriə]

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n. (复数)细菌

 
solve [sɔlv]

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v. 解决,解答

 
ecology [i:'kɔlədʒi]

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n. 生态学

 
worm [wə:m]

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n. 虫,蠕虫
v. 蠕动,驱虫,慢慢探听出

 
compost ['kɔmpɔst]

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n. 混合肥料,堆肥 vt. 使成堆肥

 
diminutive [di'minjutiv]

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adj. 小的,小型的,变小的 n. 小的人(物), [

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