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科学美国人60秒:模仿人类反映出虎鲸文化

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This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
Killer whales, also called orcas, are like dolphins and belugas—they all have a wide vocal repertoire. (orca sounds) But orcas also have unique dialects among different pods. Which suggests the animals can learn new and unique sounds by imitating mom, or another whale.
Researchers tested that premise by asking a killer whale named Wikie to imitate novel sounds from another killer whale, like this (Wolf sound) or this ( creaking door sound).
And then: Wikie's trainers asked her to imitate them speaking English. Here's how she did: ("Amy, hello")
Pretty impressive, especially because she's using her nasal passages to imitate sounds we make with our vocal cords.

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虎鲸模仿人类语言.JPEG
And a technical acoustic analysis of the original and imitated sounds showed that Wikie was doing a reliable job of mimicry, suggesting orcas do indeed possess the ability of vocal imitation. The study is in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
So how long before Wikie's fluent in English? Well: "This is not our goal." Study author José Zamorano-Abramson, a comparative psychologist. "We are focusing on one aspect of vocal language, which is the capacity for vocal imitation." Because the ability to imitate implies a way to transmit culture... and they doing so preserve each orca pod's unique repertoire. ("bye bye")
Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

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重点单词   查看全部解释    
premise ['premis]

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n. 前提
vt. 提论,预述,假设

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pod [pɔd]

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n. 豆荚 v. 剥掉(豆荚)

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whale [weil]

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n. 鲸
vi. 捕鲸
v. 鞭打,

 
preserve [pri'zə:v]

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v. 保存,保留,维护
n. 蜜饯,禁猎区

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possess [pə'zes]

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vt. 持有,支配

 
analysis [ə'næləsis]

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n. 分析,解析

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technical ['teknikəl]

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adj. 技术的,工艺的

 
mimicry ['mimikri]

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n. 模仿,(动物等)拟态伪装

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vocal ['vəukəl]

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adj. 声音的,口述的,歌唱的
n. 元音,

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transmit [trænz'mit]

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vt. 传输,传送,代代相传,传达
vi. (

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