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科学美国人60秒:鸟类学习同伴语言保护自身安全

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This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
People speak thousands of languages in the world today. And same goes for the bird world.
"Each bird species has effectively its own language." Andy Radford, a professor of behavioral ecology at the University of Bristol. "And there might be similarities between some languages just as there are in the human world. And then there are other languages that sound extremely different, even though they're conveying exactly the same meaning."
In fact some birds are known to pick up on the "language" of other species...in particular, they've learned to detect danger by eavesdropping on the alarm calls of other birds.
Radford and his colleagues wanted to investigate how that learning occurs. So they first played an alarm call that fairy wrens, an Australian bird, shouldn't be familiar with - a computer-generated alarm call (synthetic call) meant to mimic a bird's. As expected, the unfamiliar sound had no effect on the fairy wrens.

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But then the researchers paired the synthetic call with a chorus of alarm calls the wrens would recognize. (chorus) And after this training, the sound of the initially unfamiliar synthetic call alone (synthetic call) was enough to send the birds ducking HA! for cover. The results are in the journal Current Biology.
Radford says the study shows birds can learn from their peers, without ever seeing them...or a predator either. "And so I think that's the coolest thing of all, is that you can learn with your eyes shut about something really important in the natural world."
Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

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重点单词   查看全部解释    
chorus ['kɔ:rəs]

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n. 合唱队,歌舞队,齐声说道,副歌部分,
v

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recognize ['rekəgnaiz]

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vt. 认出,认可,承认,意识到,表示感激

 
sensitive ['sensitiv]

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adj. 敏感的,灵敏的,易受伤害的,感光的,善解人意的

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identified

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adj. 被识别的;经鉴定的;被认同者 v. 鉴定(id

 
investigate [in'vestigeit]

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v. 调查,研究
[计算机] 研究

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current ['kʌrənt]

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n. (水、气、电)流,趋势
adj. 流通的

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unfamiliar ['ʌnfə'miljə]

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adj. 不熟悉的

 
synthetic [sin'θetik]

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adj. 综合的,合成的,人造的
n. 人工制

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initially [i'niʃəli]

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adv. 最初,开头

 
predator ['predətə]

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n. 食肉动物,掠夺者

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