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VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):新证据表明人类祖先用鲜花埋葬死者

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New Evidence Suggest Human Ancestor Buried Dead with Flowers

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Neanderthals may have buried and honored their dead, a new study suggests. The early human ancestors may have even used flowers in burials. Scientists recently announced their discovery in the publication Antiquity.

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The scientists found the bones of an adult in Shanidar Cave, in the Kurdistan area of northern Iraq. The Neanderthal, called Shanidar Z, is believed to have lived up to 70,000 years ago. The individual was possibly in his or her 40s or 50s. Scientists do not yet know the sex of the individual.

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The cave where the bones were found is already famous in archaeology. In 1960, archaeologist Ralph Solecki discovered the remains of 10 Neanderthals - seven adults and three children.

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At the time, small amounts of flower pollen were found in soil around the remains. The discovery led Solecki to propose that Neanderthals buried their dead and even had funeral ceremonies with flowers.

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Critics later doubted the "flower burial" explanation. They argued that the pollen could have been modern contamination from people, animals or insects.

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Shanidar Z's bones were found in soil containing ancient pollen and plant remains, suggesting the possibility of flower burials.

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Scientists are now further examining the materials.

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Scholars have argued for years about whether Neanderthals buried their dead with funeral ceremonies.

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Emma Pomeroy studies ancient humans at the University of Cambridge. She was the lead writer of the recent study.

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She said that what is important about the burial is the aim or purpose behind it. "You might bury a body for purely practical reasons, in order to avoid attracting dangerous scavengers," she said.

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Pomeroy added that if more is done "it is important because that indicates more complex, symbolic and abstract thinking, compassion and care for the dead, and perhaps feelings of mourning and loss."

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Shanidar Z appears to have been placed in an area cut into the soil. The area has a group of four individuals.

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Graeme Barker, a University of Cambridge archeologist, helped write the study. He said the cave may have been used as a burial place for a long period of time. "...It seems clear that Shanidar was a special place, with bodies being placed just in one part of a large cave," he said.

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Neanderthals were more strongly built than modern humans, or Homo sapiens. They lived in Eurasia from about 400,000 years ago until around 40,000 years ago. They then disappeared after modern humans became established.

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Modern non-African human populations are believed to carry small amounts of Neanderthal genetic material known as DNA.

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I'm John Russell.

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重点单词   查看全部解释    
evidence ['evidəns]

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n. 根据,证据
v. 证实,证明

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symbolic [sim'bɔlik]

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n. 代号 adj. 象征的,符号的

 
thorough ['θʌrə]

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adj. 彻底的,完全的,详尽的,精心的

 
archaeology [.ɑ:ki'ɔlədʒi]

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n. 考古学,古迹,文物

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compassion [kəm'pæʃən]

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n. 同情,怜悯

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established [is'tæbliʃt]

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adj. 已被确认的,确定的,建立的,制定的 动词est

 
solemn ['sɔləm]

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adj. 庄严的,严肃的,隆重的

 
ancestor ['ænsistə]

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n. 祖宗,祖先,原种

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genetic [dʒi'netik]

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adj. 基因的,遗传的,起源的

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avoid [ə'vɔid]

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vt. 避免,逃避

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关键字: VOA慢速 鲜花 葬礼 证据

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