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非洲大部分地区遭遇粮食危机

来源:可可英语 编辑:Magi   可可英语APP下载 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet
  


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A leader of the United Nations Food and Agriculture program (FAO) said an already existing food crisis in Africa is getting worse.

联合国粮食及农业组织的一位负责人表示,非洲已经存在的粮食危机正在恶化。

Abebe Haile-Gabriel is assistant director of the program.

阿贝贝·海勒-加布里埃尔是该计划的助理主任。

He said the war in Ukraine is to blame.

他说,乌克兰战争是罪魁祸首。

"We have a very grim outlook going forward," he said of the food supplies in some African countries.

他在谈到一些非洲国家的粮食供应时表示:“我们的前景非常严峻。”

He noted that about half of the continent's 54 countries depend on Russia and Ukraine for wheat.

他指出,非洲的54个国家中,约有一半依赖俄罗斯和乌克兰的小麦。

And over 11 of the countries import fertilizer from Russia.

超过11个国家从俄罗斯进口化肥。

Even before the war in Eastern Europe started in February, food prices in Africa were rising.

甚至在2月份东欧战争爆发之前,非洲的食品价格就在上涨。

The FAO said the cost of food staples rose 23 percent last year.

联合国粮农组织表示,去年主食价格上涨了23%。

That is faster than any year of the last 10.

这比过去10年中的任何一年都要快。

Many African nations depend on supplies from the World Food Program.

许多非洲国家依赖世界粮食计划署的供应。

Tomson Phiri of the WFP said the costs for the program are rising as more people need aid.

世界粮食计划署的汤姆森·菲里说,随着越来越多的人需要援助,该计划的费用也在上升。

The cost of grain in North Africa is increasing because those nations import a lot from Ukraine and Russia.

北非的谷物价格之所以正在上涨,是因为这些国家从乌克兰和俄罗斯进口大量粮食。

In other parts of Africa, people can no longer easily buy cooking oils made from soy, corn and sunflower seeds.

在非洲的其他地区,人们再也不能容易地买到由大豆、玉米和葵花籽制成的食用油了。

For Edwin Dapi of Zimbabwe, it is getting hard to feed his wife and four children.

对于来自津巴布韦的埃德温·达皮来说,养活妻子和四个孩子变得越来越困难。

Dapi looked for vegetable oil at a food store in Harare.

达皮在哈拉雷的一家食品店寻找植物油。

The 2-liter bottle costs about $2.76.

这瓶2升的植物油售价约为2.76美元。

His job pays him about $50 per month.

他的工作月薪约为50美元。

A 2-kilogram bag of flour costs more than $1, Reuters reported.

据路透社报道,一袋2公斤的面粉售价超过1美元。

As he looked at the prices, Dapi said "I keep hearing it's because of Ukraine but I don't know what that has to do with us."

达皮看着价格说:“我一直听说这是因为乌克兰,但我不知道这与我们有什么关系。”

Africa already has a food shortage, experts say, because of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, military conflicts and bad growing conditions because of climate change.

专家表示,由于新冠疫情、军事冲突和气候变化导致的恶劣的生长条件的影响,非洲已经出现了粮食短缺问题。

Zimbabwe is one of the African nations having trouble feeding its people, along with East African countries Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia and South Sudan.

津巴布韦与东非国家肯尼亚、埃塞俄比亚、索马里和南苏丹一样,是难以养活人民的非洲国家之一。

In West Africa, military conflicts in Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger and Nigeria have created a food crisis.

在西非,布基纳法索、马里、尼日尔和尼日利亚的军事冲突造成了粮食危机。

The western nations are also dealing with floods and droughts.

西非国家也在应对洪水和干旱。

For a short time, Kenya felt safe from rising prices because it made food deals with several countries last year.

由于肯尼亚去年与几个国家达成了粮食协议,因此在短期内,肯尼亚不受价格上涨的影响。

Kenya made the change when Russia increased export taxes.

当俄罗斯提高出口税时,肯尼亚做出了这一改变。

Kennedy Nyaga of Kenya's United Grain Miller's Association said Kenya should have enough wheat to last until September.

肯尼亚谷物加工协会的肯尼迪·尼亚加表示,肯尼亚应该有足够的小麦可以维持到9月。

But it already ran out of maize, also called corn.

但它已经把玉米用完了。

The association is asking the Kenyan government for permission to import 360,000 tons of maize without paying import taxes, or duty.

该协会正在请求肯尼亚政府准许进口36万吨玉米,而无需缴纳进口税。

The group said the price of maize went up about 60 percent since December.

该组织表示,自去年12月以来,玉米价格上涨了约60%。

A closer look at Zimbabwe shows the potential for a long-term food crisis, as it is not as well prepared as Kenya.

仔细观察津巴布韦就会发现,由于该国没有像肯尼亚那样做好充分的准备,因此可能会出现长期的粮食危机。

Food production has gone down over the last 20 years due to changes in farm ownership, economic problems such as inflation and drought.

在过去的20年里,由于农场所有权的变化、通货膨胀等经济问题和干旱,粮食产量有所下降。

The people there are already poor, as the country's National Statistics Agency says about half of its 15 million survive on less than $2 per day.

那里的人们已经很穷了,该国国家统计局表示,该国1500万人口中约有一半每天的生活费不到2美元。

They are struggling even more since March when the country's grain millers raised prices for wheat flour and maize by 15 percent, noting increased food prices because of the war in Ukraine.

自3月份以来,他们的处境更加艰难,当时该国的谷物加工厂将小麦粉和玉米的价格提高了15%,他们指出乌克兰战争导致了食品价格的上涨。

The FAO said Zimbabwe receives about 20 percent of its wheat supply from Russia and Ukraine.

联合国粮农组织表示,津巴布韦大约20%的小麦供应来自俄罗斯和乌克兰。

While the government says there is enough maize and wheat for this year, the miller's association approved another price increase in April.

虽然政府表示今年有足够的玉米和小麦,但谷物加工协会在4月份又一次批准了提价。

The group said it is looking for more grain so there can be enough until the harvest in October.

该组织表示,他们正在寻找更多的粮食,以便在10月份收获之前有足够的粮食。

The increase in grain and fuel prices is being passed on to regular people in Zimbabwe who see it as inflation.

粮食和燃料价格的上涨正转嫁到津巴布韦的普通民众身上,他们认为这是通货膨胀。

During the growing season, Zimbabwe's farmers depend on fertilizer for a healthy crop.

在生长季节,津巴布韦的农民依靠化肥来确保作物健康生长。

But the price of fertilizer is about 30 percent higher than last year.

但化肥的价格比去年高出约30%。

The World Food Program's Maria Gallar Sanchez said if fertilizer costs remain high it will reduce production in Zimbabwe this year.

世界粮食计划署的玛丽亚·加拉尔·桑切斯说,如果化肥成本居高不下,今年津巴布韦的产量就会下降。

A company that sells fertilizer throughout Africa said its costs have increased between 200 and 400 percent since January 2021.

一家在非洲各地销售化肥的公司表示,自2021年1月以来,化肥价格上涨了200%至400%。

Boniface Mutize is a farmer near Harare.

博尼法斯·穆蒂塞是哈拉雷附近的一个农民。

He said many farmers are trying to make their own fertilizer using animal waste.

他说,许多农民正试图用动物粪便制造他们自己的肥料。

But it does not work as well as chemical fertilizers.

但它的效果不如化肥。

He said many small farms will not be able to grow their own food next year.

他说,许多小农场明年将无法种植自己的粮食。

I'm Dan Friedell.

丹·弗里德尔为您播报。

译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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dealing ['di:liŋ]

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n. 经营方法,行为态度
(复数)dealin

 
director [di'rektə, dai'rektə]

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n. 董事,经理,主管,指导者,导演

 
potential [pə'tenʃəl]

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adj. 可能的,潜在的
n. 潜力,潜能

 
ownership ['əunəʃip]

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n. 所有权

 
wheat [wi:t]

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n. 小麦,小麦色

 
blame [bleim]

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n. 过失,责备
vt. 把 ... 归咎于,

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permission [pə'miʃən]

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drought [draut]

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n. 联合,结合,交往,协会,社团,联想

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