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The U.S. Supreme Court on Thursday established limits on the federal government's power to reduce carbon emissions from power plants.
美国最高法院周四对联邦政府减少发电厂碳排放的权力进行了限制。
The ruling immediately affects President Joe Biden's plans to deal with climate change by cutting the release of carbon gases into the atmosphere.
这项裁决立即影响到美国总统乔·拜登通过减少向大气中排放碳气体来应对气候变化的计划。
It also raises new legal questions about government agencies' power to set rules and regulations.
这也针对政府机构制定规则和法规的权力提出了新的法律问题。
Scientists say greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, trap heat and cause the atmosphere to warm.
科学家表示，二氧化碳等温室气体会吸收热量，导致大气变暖。
The court's six-to-three ruling restricted the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) power to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from existing coal- and gas-fueled electricity plants under the Clean Air Act anti-pollution law.
美国最高法院以6:3的投票结果限制了美国环境保护局（EPA）根据《清洁空气法》反污染法对现有燃煤和燃气发电厂温室气体排放进行监管的权力。
The court's six conservatives were in the majority decision with the three liberals disagreeing.
最高法院的六名保守派议员占多数，三名自由派议员持不同意见。
With Thursday's ruling, the high court overturned a lower court decision in 2021 that had struck down former President Donald Trump's Affordable Clean Energy rule.
由于周四的裁决，最高法院推翻了2021年下级法院的一项裁决，该裁决推翻了前总统唐纳德·特朗普的《平价清洁能源规则》。
That regulation, which the Biden administration has said it does not want to keep, would set limits on the EPA's power to regulate emissions from existing power plants.
拜登政府曾表示其不想保留这一规定，它将限制美国环境保护局对现有发电厂温室气体排放进行监管的权力。
The Biden administration aims to cut the nation's greenhouse gas emissions in half by the end of 2030.
拜登政府的目标是到2030年底将美国的温室气体排放量减少一半。
It says it wants to have an emissions-free power industry by 2035.
它表示，它希望到2035年实现电力行业零排放。
Power plants produce about 30 percent of carbon dioxide released in the U.S.
发电厂产生的二氧化碳约占美国二氧化碳排放量的30%。
Chief Justice John Roberts wrote the majority opinion for the court.
首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨为最高法院撰写了多数派意见。
He wrote that the Clean Air Act does not give the EPA the power to place limits on emissions in the way it proposed.
他写道，《清洁空气法》并没有赋予环境保护局以其提议的方式限制排放的权力。
He said Congress must speak clearly on this subject.
他说，国会必须在这个问题上明确表态。
"A decision of such magnitude and consequence rests with Congress itself, or an agency acting pursuant to a clear delegation from that representative body," he wrote.
他写道：“如此重要的决定取决于国会本身或者由一个机构根据该代表机构的明确授权行事。”
Conservative activists have long supported measures to reduce agency power in what some called a "war on the administrative state."
长期以来，保守派活动人士一直支持在一些人所谓的“针对行政国家的战争”中减少机构权力的措施。
They want lawmakers in Congress to authorize action on issues of broad importance and societal impact.
他们希望国会议员对具有广泛重要性和社会影响的问题授权采取行动。
In January, the conservative justices also blocked the Biden administration's vaccine policy for large businesses meant to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic.
今年1月，保守派大法官还阻止了拜登政府为应对新冠疫情而出台的针对大企业的疫苗接种政策。
In her dissent, Justice Elena Kagan said the majority's decision takes away the power that Congress gave the agency to deal with "the most pressing environmental challenge of our time."
大法官埃琳娜·卡根持不同意见，她表示，多数派的裁决剥夺了国会赋予该机构应对“我们这个时代最紧迫的环境挑战”的权力。
Kagan added that the majority has a clear goal: "Prevent agencies from doing important work, even though that is what Congress directed."
卡根还说，多数派有一个明确的目标：“阻止机构做重要的工作，即使这是国会指示的。”
The justices heard arguments in the case on February 28.
法官们于2月28日听取了该案的辩论。
That was the same day that a United Nations report warned that the effects of climate change are about to get much worse.
就在同一天，联合国的一份报告警告称，气候变化的影响将变得更加严重。
It said the warming of the earth would likely make people sicker and hungrier in the coming years.
报告称，在未来几年，地球变暖可能会让人们变得更加虚弱和饥饿。
U.S. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, a Democrat, criticized the court's ruling.
美国参议院多数党领袖、民主党人查克·舒默批评了最高法院的裁决。
He called it "dangerously misguided and abhorrent."
他称这“具有危险的误导性，是可恶的”。
Schumer said, like the court's ruling on guns and abortions, Thursday's decision "will cause more needless deaths--in this instance because of more pollution that will exacerbate the climate crisis and make our air and water less clean and safe."
舒默说，就像最高法院对枪支和堕胎的裁决一样，周四的裁决“将会导致更多不必要的死亡——在这种情况下，因为更多的污染将会加剧气候危机，使我们的空气和水变得更不清洁和安全。”
Senator Kevin Cramer, a Republican, praised the decision.
共和党参议员凯文·克雷默称赞了这一裁决。
He said the ruling restates that "Congress never intended the federal government to regulate greenhouse gas emissions for the states."
他说，这项裁决重申，“国会从未打算让联邦政府对各州温室气体排放进行监管。”
The decision was issued on the final day of rulings for the court's current term.
这一裁决是在最高法院本届任期的最后一天发布的。
The day also marked the swearing-in of Ketanji Brown Jackson, the first African-American woman on the Supreme Court.
这一天也标志着最高法院首位非裔美国女性凯坦吉·布朗·杰克逊宣誓就职。
I'm Jonathan Evans.
乔纳森·埃文斯为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
