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Today we answer a question from Ahmed in Egypt. He writes:
今天，我们将回答来自埃及的艾哈迈德的提问。他写道：
I would like to know the exact meaning of beyond and its uses and the difference between it and behind. Thanks in advance. -- Ahmed, Egypt.
我想知道“beyond”一词的的确切含义和用途，及其与单词“behind”之间的区别。先谢谢了。
Dear Ahmed, Thank you for writing.
亲爱的艾哈迈德：感谢您的来信。
While the words "beyond" and "behind" are similar, there are important differences between them.
尽管单词“beyond”和“behind”相似，但它们有重要的区别。
"Beyond" can be an adverb – a word that changes the meaning of a verb, or a preposition, a word that shows location.
“beyond”可用作副词，用来改变动词或介词的含义，还可以表示位置。
As an adverb, it means at a further distance, as in this example:
用作副词时，“beyond”的意思是距离较远，例如：
From my window, I can see the city lights and the mountains beyond.
“从我的窗户望去，我可以看到城市的灯光和远处的群山。”
It can also mean to or until a later time, or in the future, as in this sentence:
“beyond”还可以表示直到以后的某个时间或将来，例如：
People need to know math through their school years and beyond.
“人们在整个上学期间甚至以后的时间都需要懂数学”。
In the "Toy Story" movies, the astronaut Buzz Lightyear has a favorite saying,
在电影《玩具总动员》中，宇航员巴斯光年有句口头禅:
To infinity and beyond!
“飞向宇宙，浩瀚无垠！”
That expression means he is willing to go very far in exploring space.
该表达的意思是他愿意深入探索太空。
As a preposition, you can use "beyond" to talk about a place or location at a greater distance than when using the word "behind."
“beyond”用作介词时，可以用来谈论比单词“behind”表示的距离还要远的地方。
There was a dog barking behind the fence, and beyond him two children were playing.
“篱笆后有一条狗在叫，更远处两个孩子在玩耍。”
"Behind" can be used an adverb, preposition, or noun. As an adverb, it means in or toward the back of something. For example, you may have seen a family of ducks walking in a line:
“behind”可以用作副词、介词或名词。用作副词时，“behind”表示在某物的后面。例如，你可能看到过一群鸭子排成一行走路：
The mother duck came first, with the baby ducks following behind.
“母鸭走在最前面，小鸭子跟在后面。”
But note that you could not use "beyond" in that sentence.
但要注意，不能在该句中使用“beyond”一词。
Another use of "behind" is when describing something that is not happening on time.
“behind”的另一种用法是描述未按时发生的事情。
During the pandemic, many people got behind on their rent.
“疫情期间，许多人拖欠了房租。”
That is, the rent payments were arriving late.
也就是租金交晚了。
You probably are familiar with the use of "behind" as a preposition, meaning at the back or rear of something.
你可能熟悉“beyond”的介词用法，即表示在某物的背面。
But it can also mean in the past, as in these examples:
但“beyond”还可表示在过去，例如：
After winning the lottery, her financial problems were all behind her.
“中彩票后，她的财务问题全都成为了过去。”
Your old clothes are just behind the times.
“你的旧衣服太过时了。”
Now, let me test your understanding of "behind" and "beyond" in a quiz. Choose the right words to complete this sentence:
现在，让我来给你出个小测，测试你对“behind”和“beyond”的理解。选择正确的词语完成句子：
Mail deliveries usually fall ______ around the winter holidays, but they improve ______ the new year.
快递业务通常在寒假前后有所滞后，但新年过后会有所改善。
Are you ready? If you chose "behind" for the first blank and "beyond" for the second blank, you know the difference.
准备好了吗？如果你两个空格分别选择单词“behind”和“beyond”，那么你肯定知道它们的区别。
And that's Ask a Teacher for this week.
以上就是本期名师答疑的全部内容。
I'm Jill Robbins.
我是吉尔·罗宾斯。
