评论
打印
This week we answer a question from Ali in Iran.
本周我们回答来自伊朗的阿里提出的一个问题。
He wrote to us after reading a previous Ask a Teacher about security and safety.
在读完之前《名师答疑》关于“security”和“safety”的内容后，他给我们写了信。
Dear VOA,
亲爱的美国之音节目，
Could you explain the grammar related to the word "its" in this sentence?
你能解释一下这个句子中与“its”这个词相关的语法吗？
Security often has to do with a group's efforts to protect its members from harm.
“Security”通常与集体努力保护其成员免受伤害有关。
Dear Ali, Thank you for writing to us.
亲爱的阿里，谢谢你写信给我们。
In the sentence you read, the word "its" is a possessive adjective meaning "belonging to it." And the "it" in this sentence is the group.
在你刚读的句子中，“its”是一个所有格形容词，意思是“属于它的”。而这个句子中的“it”是指那个集体。
Other possessive adjectives are words like "his, her, my, your, our and their."
其他所有格形容词是诸如“his，her，my，your，our和their”这类的词。
These words appear before a noun, like most adjectives in English, and change the meaning of the noun.
像英语中的大多数形容词一样，这些词出现在名词之前，而且会改变这些名词的含义。
Here is another example of how to use "its."
下面是“its”用法的另一个例子。
I cannot drive that car. Its tires are flat.
我没法开那辆车。它的轮胎瘪了。
The Queen wears a beautiful crown. Its jewels shine in the sun.
女王戴着美丽的王冠。王冠上的宝石在阳光下闪闪发光。
We can use words like "its" to take the place of a noun, as in this example:
我们可以用像“its”这类的词来代替名词，比如下面这个例子：
I have large eyes and so does my dog. Mine are blue and its are brown.
我有着大大的眼睛，我的狗狗也是。我的眼睛是蓝色的，它的眼睛是棕色的。
Many English learners confuse the possessive form "its" with the short form "it's."
许多英语学习者会混淆所有格形式“its”和简略形式“it’s”（“it”加撇号加“s”）。
The short form "it's" is what we call a contraction. "It's" can be the short form of the words "it is" or "it has."
“it’s”这样的简略形式就是我们所说的缩写形式。“It’s”可以是“It is”或“It has”的简略形式。
Here are some examples where "it's" is the short form of "it is."
下面是“it’s”作为“it is”的简略形式的一些例子。
It's great to see you again!
很高兴再次见到您！
I think it's time for dinner.
我觉得是时候吃晚饭了。
Compare these sentences with "it's" as the short form of "it has."
与“it’s”作为“it has”的简略形式的句子比较一下吧。
It's been years since I met with my high school friends.
我已经好多年没见过我的高中朋友了。
With daily practice, it's gotten easier for them to speak English.
通过每天练习，说英语对他们来说已经变得更容易些了。
I hope this helps you understand the different ways we use "its," Ali.
我希望这能帮助你理解“its”的不同用法，阿里。
And that's Ask a Teacher.
以上就是本期《名师答疑》的全部内容。
I'm Jill Robbins.
我是吉尔·罗宾斯。
