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This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Ichiro in Japan.
本周《名师答疑》，我们回答来自日本的一郎的一个问题。
He writes: Dear VOA, Japanese people don't understand Christian religious terms such as "religious leaders" "clergy" and "clergymen."
他写道：亲爱的美国之音，日本人不理解“宗教领袖”“神职人员”和“圣职人员”等基督教宗教术语。
What are the differences?
这几个词有什么不同？
Hi Ichiro.
你好，一郎。
The terms "clergy" and "clergymen" are general and can describe any official leaders within established religions.
clergy和clergymen这两个词语义广泛，可以用来描述既定宗教中的任何官方领袖。
"Clergymen" is plural and used when the leaders are men.
clergymen是复数，用来指男性。
"Clergywomen" is the plural form for women.
clergywomen是指女性神职人员的复数形式。
Within Christianity, there are several terms for the leadership roles.
在基督教中，有几个术语可以表示领导角色。
Many are less commonly known, even by some Christians.
许多词不太为人所知，甚至一些基督徒也没听说过。
Christianity is divided into several smaller sub-groups, or sects.
基督教被分成几个较小的子派，也叫教派。
Examples of Christian sects include Catholics, Baptists and Protestants.
比如，基督教教派包括天主教、浸礼会教和新教。
The Catholic Church has a long list of religious leaders.
天主教会有一长串宗教领袖的名单。
In Catholicism, priests are leaders who perform religious services, such as worship services, and ceremonies.
在天主教中，神父是执行宗教服务的领袖，如礼拜仪式和典礼。
In fact, all clergy in the Catholic church, including priests, bishops and deacons, are permitted to give sermons, or religious speeches.
事实上，天主教会中的所有神职人员，包括神父、主教和执事，都被允许发表布道或宗教演讲。
They also can lead worship and perform religious ceremonies, such as marriages and funerals.
他们还可以领导礼拜和举行宗教仪式，如婚礼和葬礼。
The highest leader in the Catholic church is the pope, who lives in the Vatican, an independent city-state inside Rome, Italy.
天主教会的最高领袖是教皇，他住在梵蒂冈，这是意大利罗马境内的一个独立城市国家。
The current pope is Pope Francis.
现任教皇是教皇方济各。
Baptist and Protestant churches have far fewer leaders than the Catholic Church.
浸礼会和新教教会的领袖比天主教会少得多。
They call their main religious leader any of three names – "pastor" "minister" or "reverend."
他们的主要宗教领袖有三个名字——pastor、minister、reverend（牧师）。
This person leads church services, performs religious ceremonies, and gives spiritual or religious guidance to church members.
这个人领导教堂礼拜，主持宗教仪式，并为教会成员提供精神或宗教指导。
There is, however, one role common to Catholics, Baptists, and Protestants.
然而，天主教、浸礼会教派和新教都有一个共同的角色。
It is that of "deacon."
这就是“执事”。
Deacons have a lower status than a church's main religious leader.
执事的地位比教会的主要宗教领袖低一些。
They are considered "servant leaders" and help carry out the duties of priests and pastors.
他们被认为是“仆人领袖”，帮助履行神父或牧师的职责。
They are also expected to build a relationship with the local church community.
他们也需要与当地教会社区建立关系。
And that's Ask a Teacher for this week.
以上就是本周《名师答疑》。
I'm Alice Bryant.
爱丽丝·布莱恩特为您播报。
