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More educators and researchers are bringing attention to misinformation spread through the internet and social media.
越来越多的教育工作者和研究人员开始关注通过互联网和社交媒体传播的错误信息。
Teachers already face many difficulties.
教师们已经面临着许多困难。
Adding what is called media literacy can be another be a problem.
添加所谓的媒体素养可能是另一个问题。
The concern is how some subjects are seen only as political issues.
令人担忧的是，有些问题仅仅被视为政治问题。
This could include issues like misinformation about vaccines, increasing world temperatures and even Russia's war in Ukraine.
其中可能包括有关疫苗、全球气温上升，甚至俄乌战争的错误信息。
The Associated Press says that those opposed to teaching internet literacy say it is the same as thought control.
美联社称，那些反对教授网络素养的人说，这等同于思想控制。
This prevents some teachers from using it in their classes.
这阻止了一些老师在课堂上使用它。
Julie Smith is an expert on media literacy.
朱莉·史密斯是媒体素养方面的专家。
She teaches at Webster University in the state of Missouri.
她在密苏里州的韦伯斯特大学任教。
She said teaching media literacy is not teaching what to think, but how to think.
她说，教授媒体素养不是教人思考的内容，而是教人如何思考。
She said: "It's engaging about engaging your brain. It's asking, 'Who created this? Why? Why am I seeing it now? How does it make me feel and why?'"
她说：“它会让你的大脑活跃起来。它在问，‘谁创造了这个？为什么？为什么我现在看到它？它让我有什么感觉？为什么？’”
Erin McNeil is a mother from Massachusetts who has worked as a reporter.
艾琳·麦克尼尔是一位来自马萨诸塞州的母亲，她曾是一名记者。
She said that media literacy is a skill that is just as important as computer engineering for the economy.
她说，媒体素养是一项与计算机工程对经济有同等重要作用的技能。
She created a nonprofit group called Media Literacy Now.
她创建了一个名为Media Literacy Now的非营利性组织。
The organization supports digital literacy education.
该组织支持数字素养教育。
"Basic communication is part of our information economy, and there will be huge implications for our economy if we don't get this right," McNeil said.
麦克尼尔说：“基础通信是我们信息经济的一部分，如果我们处理不好这一点，将会对我们的经济产生巨大影响。”
Shawn Lee teaches social studies in Seattle, Washington.
肖恩·李在华盛顿州西雅图市教社会研究。
He sees internet and media literacy as important for modern life as driver's education in high school.
他认为，互联网和媒体素养对现代生活的重要性不亚于高中的驾驶课。
He has taught about double-checking online reports, getting information from more than a few places and using critical thinking.
他教人们如何仔细检查在线报告，如何从多个地方获取信息，以及如何运用批判性思维。
He also created an organization for teachers to share resources.
他还为教师创建了一个共享资源的组织。
"This technology is so new that no one taught us how to use it," Lee said.
李说：“这项技术太新了，没有人教我们如何使用它”。
"People are like, 'There's nothing we can do…'I disagree with that. I would like to think the republic can survive an algorithm."
“人们会说，‘我们无能为力……’我不同意这一点。我认为共和国可以在算法的世界中幸存下来。”。
Teaching internet literacy to fight misinformation may be more effective than new laws and changes to algorithms.
通过教授网络素养来打击错误信息可能会比制定新的法律和改变算法更有效。
Some US states like New Jersey, Illinois, and Texas have added new standards for teaching internet literacy.
美国新泽西州、伊利诺伊州和得克萨斯州等州已经为网络素养教学增加了新标准。
Subjects can include how the internet and social media work, how to find misinformation by looking at many sources.
主题可能会包括互联网和社交媒体是如何运转的，如何通过查看许多来源来发现错误信息。
Other ways of identifying misinformation might include looking for missing background information or recognizing emotional headlines.
识别错误信息的其他方法可能包括寻找缺失的背景信息或识别情绪化的标题。
Media literacy is often included in social studies classes like history or government classes offered at the high school level.
媒体素养通常被包括在社会研究课程中，如高中阶段开设的历史或政府课程。
But experts say it is never too early or late for people to become better internet users.
但专家表示，对于人们来说，成为更好的互联网用户永远不会太早或太晚。
Media and internet literacy is taught around the world.
世界各地都在教授媒体和网络素养。
In Finland, children learn about the internet in preschool when they are about four or five years old.
在芬兰，孩子们在四、五岁的时候就开始在学前班学习互联网。
The program is part of an anti-misinformation program for the population to be more aware and resistant to false internet claims.
该计划是反虚假信息计划的一部分，旨在提高民众对虚假网络言论的意识和抵制力。
Finland and Canada have developed programs over the years to teach young people about the media.
芬兰和加拿大多年来制定了一些向年轻人传授媒体知识的计划。
The goal is to get young people to understand what in the news and on the internet is a fact, and what is not.
这样做的目的是让年轻人了解新闻和网络上的哪些内容是事实，哪些不是事实。
Finland has fought misinformation spread by its neighbor, Russia.
芬兰一直在打击邻国俄罗斯散布的错误信息。
Finland expanded its programs after the 2014 Russian invasion of Crimea.
2014年俄罗斯入侵克里米亚后，芬兰扩大了该计划。
Learning about misinformation does not stop in school.
关于错误信息的学习并不仅限于学校。
Finland has public service announcements and programs for older adults who are more at risk of misinformation than younger people, who seem more at home on the internet.
芬兰有面向老年人的公共服务公告和计划，老年人比年轻人更容易受到错误信息的威胁，因为年轻人更熟悉互联网。
Petri Honkonen is Finland's minister of science and culture.
佩特里·洪科宁是芬兰科学与文化部部长。
He spoke to the Associated Press during a recent trip to Washington, DC.
他在最近一次华盛顿之行中接受了美联社的采访。
His trip included discussions of Finland's actions to fight internet misinformation.
他此行还讨论了芬兰打击互联网虚假信息的行动。
"Media literacy was one of our priorities before the time of the internet.
“在互联网时代之前，媒体素养是我们的优先事项之一。
The point is critical thinking, and that is a skill that everybody needs more and more.
重点是批判性思维，这是每个人都越来越需要的一种技能。
We have to somehow protect people. We also must protect democracy," he said.
我们必须以某种方式保护人们。我们还必须保护民主，”他说。
Media literacy programs in Canada began many years ago but have been expanded to the digital age.
加拿大的媒体素养计划开始于许多年前，但已经扩展到数字时代。
Mathew Johnson is the director of education at MediaSmarts, a nonprofit organization that runs media literacy programs.
马修·约翰逊是非营利性组织MediaSmarts的教育主管，该组织运营媒体素养项目。
Johnson said media literacy is accepted as an important part of preparing students in Canada.
约翰逊说，媒体素养被认为是加拿大学生培训课程的重要组成部分。
Media and internet literacy is often compared to driver's education.
媒体和网络素养经常被比作司机的教育。
"We need speed limits, we need well-designed roads and good regulations to ensure cars are safe. But we also teach people how to drive safely," Johnson said.
约翰逊说：“我们需要限速，我们需要精心设计的道路和良好的法规来确保汽车的安全。但我们也教人们如何安全驾驶。”
Johnson added that people need to have the tools to think critically about what they see and read.
约翰逊补充说，人们需要工具来批判性地思考他们所看到和读到的东西。
The internet and social media can be seen like the wave of new automobiles about 100 years ago.
互联网和社交媒体就像大约100年前的新汽车浪潮。
It took almost 30 years before the first driver's education classes were offered.
大约过了30年，第一批驾驶员教育课程才出现。
The government passed laws for vehicle safety and driver behavior.
政府通过了有关车辆安全和驾驶员行为的法律。
The auto industry added safety devices like seat belts and air bags.
汽车业增加了安全带和安全气囊等安全装置。
This combination of government, industry and educators is considered the model that is needed for internet and media literacy.
将政府、行业和教育工作者组合在一起被认为是网络和媒体素养所需的模式。
Education is needed for an effective answer to fight internet misinformation.
为了有效应对网络错误信息，教育是必要的。
I'm Faith Pirlo. And I'm Dan Novak.
费斯·皮尔洛、丹·诺瓦克共同为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
